文章目录
微服务体系
- 服务注册与发现
- 配置中心管理
- 服务调用
- 服务网关
- 服务熔断
- 服务监控
- 负载均衡
- 全链路跟踪
- 服务降级
- 自动化构建部署
- 服务消息队列
- 服务定时任务调度操作
对微服务的实现
- Eureka : 服务注册与发现
- Netelix Ribbon： 服务负载与调用
- Netelix Feign: 服务负载与调用
- Hystrix ： 服务熔断与降级
- Netelix Zuul ： 服务网关
- Spring Cloud config ：服务分布式配置
- SpringBoot : 服务开发
版本依赖关系
| Cload Release Train | Boot Version |
|---|---|
| Hoxton | 2.2.x |
| Greenwich | 2.1.x |
| Finchley | 2.0.x |
| Edgware | 1.5.x |
| Dalston | 1.5.xz |
技术选型
| 技术 | 版本 |
|---|---|
| cloud | Hoxton.SR1 |
| boot | 2.2.2.RELEASE |
| cloud alibaba | 2.1.0.RELEASE |
| java | 1.8 |
| Maven | 3.5.4 |
| Mysql | 5.7及以上 |
微服务技术现在状况
父工程的搭建
1、New Project 勾选site简单
2、聚合总父工程名字
3、Maven选版本
4、工程名字
5、字符编码
6、 注解生效激活 File | Settings | Build, Execution, Deployment | Compiler | Annotation Processors
7、. java编译版本选8
父工程依赖
<groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
<mysql.version>8.0.17</mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
<spring.boot.version>2.2.2.RELEASE</spring.boot.version>
<spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR1</spring.cloud.version>
<spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.1.0.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version>
<mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
</properties>
<!--子模块继承后,提供作用:锁定版本+子module不用groupId和version-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--springboot 2.2.2-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--Spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--Spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<addResources>true</addResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<!--第三方maven私服-->
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>nexus-aliyun</id>
<name>Nexus aliyun</name>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
注意
父工程创建完成执行mvn:insall将父工程发布到仓库方便子工程继承
Rest微服务工程搭建
构建步骤
1. Cloud-provider-payment8001 微服务提供者Module模块
-
建module
-
改POM
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <!--mysql-connector-java--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> -
写YML
server: port: 8001 spring: application: name: cloud-provider-service datasource: username: root password: 123 url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource mybatis: mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities -
主启动
@SpringBootApplication public class PaymentMain8001 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class); } } -
业务类
1.建库
CREATE TABLE `payment`( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID', `serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT '', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf82.emtities
-
主实体Payment
@Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Payment implements Serializable { private Long id; private String serial; } -
Json封装体CommonResult （用于给前端传送json数据）
@Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class CommonResult<T> { private Integer code; private String message; private T data; public CommonResult(Integer code,String message){ this(code,message,null); } }
3.dao
-
接口PaymentDao
@Mapper public interface PaymentDao { public int create(Payment payment); public Payment getPaymentById(@PathParam("id") Long id); } -
mybatis的映射文件PaymentMapper.xml 对应放到resource下的mapper,与接口名对应
- src\main\resources\mapper\PaymentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao"> <insert id="create" parameterType="payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id"> insert into payment(serial) values (#{serial}); </insert> <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment"> <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/> <id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/> </resultMap> <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap"> select * from payment where id=#{id}; </select> </mapper>mapper.xml的头部结构
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.atguigu.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao"> </mapper>
4.service
-
接口PaymentService
public interface PaymentService { public int create(Payment payment); public Payment getPaymentById(@PathParam("id") Long id); } -
实现类
@Service public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService { @Resource private PaymentDao paymentDao; @Override public int create(Payment payment) { return paymentDao.create(payment); } @Override public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) { return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id); } }
-
5.controller
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
@Resource
private PaymentService paymentService;
@PostMapping(value = "/payment/create")
public CommonResult create(Payment payment){
int result = paymentService.create(payment);
log.info("###########插入结果"+result);
if(result>0){
return new CommonResult(200,"插入数据库成功",result);
}else{
return new CommonResult(444,"插入数据库失败",null);
}
}
@GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}")
public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
Payment paymentById = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
log.info("*********查找结果为: " + paymentById);
if (paymentById != null) {
return new CommonResult(200, "查找成功", paymentById);
} else {
return new CommonResult(444, "查找为空,查找ID为: " + id, null);
}
}
}
- 测试
访问地址: http://localhost:8001/payment/get/31
结果
{"code":200,"message":"查找成功","data":{"id":31,"serial":"尚硅谷01"}}
postman模拟： http://localhost:8001/payment/create?serial=atguigu002
结果
{
"code": 200,
"message": "插入数据库成功",
"data": 1
}
Dashboard窗口
<component name="RunDashboard">
<option name="configurationTypes">
<set>
<option value="SpringBootApplicationConfigurationType" />
</set>
</option>
</component>
Dashboard窗口方法二
- 小总结
- 建module
- 改POM
- 写YML
- 主启动
- 业务类
2.热部署
-
Adding devtools to your project
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> -
Adding plugin to your pom.xml
下面配置我们粘贴进聚合父类总工程的pom.xml里 <build> <fileName>你自己的工程名字<fileName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <fork>true</fork> <addResources>true</addResources> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> -
Enabling automatic build
- Update the value of
- 重启idea
3.cloud-consumer-order80 微服务消费者订单Module模块
-
建cloud-consumer-order80
-
改POM
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> -
写YML
server: port: 80 -
主启动
@SpringBootApplication public class OrderMain80 { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class,args); } } -
业务类
-
entites 和 Cloud-provider-payment8001 一样
-
首说Resttemplate
-
- config对其配置
```xml
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
```
-
controller
@RestController @Slf4j public class OrderController { public static final String PAYMENT_URL="http://localhost:8001"; @Resource private RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create") public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment){ return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/create",payment,CommonResult.class); } @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/{id}") public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/get/"+id,CommonResult.class); } } -
测试
http://localhost/consumer/payment/32
http://localhost/consumer/payment/create?serial=222
注意
测试一下插入发现成功了,但是数据库没值,只有自增主键,这里插入没成功的原因是,8001的创建参数没加@RequestBody,
4. 工程重构
- 系统中有重复部分,重构
-
新建
cloud-api-common
-
POM
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId> <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId> <version>5.1.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> -
entties
Payment实体、CommonResult通用封装类 进行打包
-
maven命令clean install
-
订单80和支付8001分别改造
1、删除各自的原先的entities文件夹
2、分别在pom文件中进行配置
<dependency> <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId> <version>${project.version}</version> </dependency>
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