微服务SpringCloud开弓之Consul服务注册与发现《五》

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-05 19:16:28 发布

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本文详细介绍Consul作为服务注册与发现组件的功能与应用。包括Consul的基本介绍、安装运行步骤、服务提供者与消费者的具体实现，以及与其他注册中心的对比分析。

1、 Consul简介

是什么

https://www.consul.io/intro/index.html

在这里插入图片描述

能干嘛
- 服务发现
  
  提供HTTP/DN
- 健康检测
  
  支持多种方式,HTTP、TCP、Docker、shell脚本定制化
- KV存储
  
  Key、Value的存储方式
- 多数据中心
  
  Consul支持多数据中心
- 可视化界面
下载地址

https://www.consul.io/downloads.html
中文文档

https://www.springcloud.cc/spring-cloud-consul.html

2、安装并运行Consul

官网说明

下载完成后只有一个consul.exe文件硬盘路径下双击运行,查看版本信息

consul --version

使用开发模式启动

consul agent -dev
通过以下地址可以访问Consul的首页: http://localhost:8500
页面

3、服务提供者

新建cloud-providerconsul-payment8006

POM

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-providerconsul-payment8006</artifactId>
    <description>支付服务的提供者之注册中心consul</description>

    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud consul-server-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

YML

server:
  # consul服务端口
  port: 8006
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-payment
  cloud:
    consul:
      # consul注册中心地址
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        hostname: 127.0.0.1
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}

主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain8006 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8006.class, args);
    }
}

Controller

RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @RequestMapping(value = "payment/consul")
    public String paymentConsul() {
        return "SpringCloud with consul:" + serverPort + "\t" + UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    }
}

验证测试

http://localhost:8006/payment/consul

4、服务消费者

新建cloud-consumerconsul-order80

POM

<dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud consul-server-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--监控-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

YML

server:
  port: 80
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-consumer-order
  cloud:
    consul:
      # consul注册中心地址
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        hostname: 127.0.0.1
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}

主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderConsulMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderConsulMain80.class, args);
    }
}

配置bean

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

Controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderConsulController {

    public static final String INVOKE_URL = "http://cloud-provider-payment";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/payment/consul")
    public String paymentInfo() {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(INVOKE_URL + "/payment/consul", String.class);
    }
}