Python被评为TIOBE 2010的编程语言得主，附各种主要编程语言的排名

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TIOBE Programming Community Index for January 2011

January Headline: Python wins the TIOBE Programming Language Award of 2010!

Programming language Python has become programming language of 2010. This award is given to the programming language that gained most market share in 2010. Python grew 1.81% since January 2010. This is a bit more than runner up Objective-C (+1.63%). Objective-C was favorite for the title for a long time thanks to the popularity of Apple's iPhone and iPad platforms. However, it lost too much popularity the last couples of months.

 

Python has become the "de facto" standard in system scripting (being a successor of Perl in this), but it is used for much more different types of application areas nowadays. Python is for instance very popular among web developers, especially in combination with the Django framework. Since Python is easy to learn, more and more universities are using Python to teach programming languages.

 

The TIOBE Programming Community index is an indicator of the popularity of programming languages. The index is updated once a month. The ratings are based on the number of skilled engineers world-wide, courses and third party vendors. The popular search engines Google, MSN, Yahoo!, Wikipedia and YouTube are used to calculate the ratings. Observe that the TIOBE index is not about the best programming language or the language in which most lines of code have been written

 

The index can be used to check whether your programming skills are still up to date or to make a strategic decision about what programming language should be adopted when starting to build a new software system. The definition of the TIOBE index can be found here.

Position Jan 2011	Position Jan 2010	Delta in Position	Programming Language	Ratings Jan 2011	Delta Jan 2010	Status
1	1		Java	17.773%	+0.29%	A
2	2		C	15.822%	-0.39%	A
3	4		C++	8.783%	-0.93%	A
4	3		PHP	7.835%	-2.24%	A
5	7		Python	6.265%	+1.81%	A
6	6		C#	6.226%	+0.46%	A
7	5		(Visual) Basic	5.867%	-1.49%	A
8	12		Objective-C	3.011%	+1.63%	A
9	8		Perl	2.857%	-0.71%	A
10	10		Ruby	1.784%	-0.69%	A
11	9		JavaScript	1.589%	-1.12%	A
12	11		Delphi	1.287%	-1.10%	A
13	18		Lisp	1.109%	+0.53%	A
14	17		Pascal	0.919%	+0.29%	A
15	-		Assembly	0.864%	+0.86%	A--
16	14		SAS	0.771%	-0.04%	A--
17	30		Transact-SQL	0.758%	+0.38%	A
18	33		RPG (OS/400)	0.717%	+0.40%	A-
19	20		MATLAB	0.706%	+0.17%	A--
20	28		Ada	0.679%	+0.29%	B

 

Long term trends

The long term trends for the top 10 programming languages can be found in the line diagram below.

 

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Other programming languages

The complete top 50 of programming languages is listed below. This overview is published unofficially, because it could be the case that we missed a language. If you have the impression there is a programming language lacking, please notify us at tpci@tiobe.com.

Position	Programming Language	Ratings
21	Lua	0.637%
22	Go	0.591%
23	Object Pascal	0.588%
24	NXT-G	0.575%
25	PL/SQL	0.557%
26	R	0.543%
27	Scheme	0.518%
28	PowerShell	0.517%
29	ABAP	0.499%
30	Fortran	0.456%
31	Awk	0.421%
32	D	0.390%
33	C shell	0.380%
34	Tcl	0.374%
35	Scratch	0.373%
36	Groovy	0.358%
37	COBOL	0.358%
38	ML	0.356%
39	CL (OS/400)	0.349%
40	Logo	0.343%
41	Haskell	0.338%
42	APL	0.334%
43	JavaFX Script	0.308%
44	PL/I	0.292%
45	Prolog	0.292%
46	ActionScript	0.284%
47	Forth	0.281%
48	Erlang	0.275%
49	Visual Basic .NET	0.263%
50	Scala	0.256%

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The Next 50 Programming Languages

The following list of languages denotes #51 to #100. Since the differences are relatively small, the programming languages are only listed (in alphabetical order).

 

• ABC, Algol, Alice, Bash, BCPL, Beta, Bourne shell, C++/CLI, CFML, cg, Clean, Dylan, Eiffel, Euphoria, F#, Gambas, Icon, IDL, Io, J, JScript.NET, Korn shell, LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, Limbo, LPC, Maple, MAX/MSP, Modula-2, MUMPS, Natural, Oberon, Objective Caml, Occam, OpenCL, Oz, Postscript, Q, REALbasic, S, SIGNAL, Smalltalk, SPSS, Standard ML, VBScript, Verilog, VHDL, XBase, XSLT, Z shell

 

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Very Long Term History

To see the bigger picture, please find the positions of the top 10 programming languages from 5, 15 and 25 years ago in the table below.

Programming Language	Position Jan 2011	Position Jan 2006	Position Jan 1996	Position Jan 1986
Java	1	1	5	-
C	2	2	1	1
C++	3	3	2	7
PHP	4	4	-	-
Python	5	8	22	-
C#	6	7	-	-
(Visual) Basic	7	5	3	5
Objective-C	8	44	-	-
Perl	9	6	6	-
Ruby	10	20	-	-
Lisp	13	14	13	3
Ada	20	17	12	2

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Programming Language Hall of Fame

The hall of fame listing all "Programming Language of the Year" award winners is shown below. The award is given to the programming language that has the highest rise in ratings in a year.

Year	Winner
2010	Python
2009	Go
2008	C
2007	Python
2006	Ruby
2005	Java
2004	PHP
2003	C++

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Categories of Programming Languages

In the tables below some long term trends are shown about categories of languages. Object-oriented statically typed languages have been most popular for more than 5 years.

Category	Ratings Jan 2011	Delta Jan 2010
Object-Oriented Languages	55.8%	+1.4%
Procedural Languages	39.2%	-2.1%
Functional Languages	3.5%	+0.4%
Logical Languages	1.5%	+0.2%

Category	Ratings Jan 2011	Delta Jan 2010
Statically Typed Languages	60.4%	+1.4%
Dynamically Typed Languages	39.6%	-1.4%

 

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This Month's Changes in the Index

This month the following changes have been made to the definition of the index:

• A list of all programming languages that are tracked by the TIOBE index has been added to the definition page.
• There are still lots of mails that need to be processed. As soon as there is more time available your mail will be answered. Please be patient.

 

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Bugs & Change Requests

This is the top 5 of most requested changes and bugs. If you have any suggestions how to improve the index don't hesitate to send an e-mail to tpci@tiobe.com.

1. Add queries for other natural languages (apart from English). The idea is to start with the Chinese search engine Baidu.
2. Add a list of all search term requests that have been rejected. This is to minimize the number of recurring mails about Rails, JQuery, JSP, etc.
3. Start a TIOBE index for databases, software configuration management systems and application frameworks.
4. Apart from "<language> programming", also other queries such as "programming with <language>" and "<language> coding" should be tried out.
5. There is a bug in the calculation of the max of all entries in a language group.