判断PostgreSQL客户端（local）连接用的是哪种协议

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#PostgreSQL #psql #local #unix #domain socket

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本文详细展示了PostgreSQL数据库的网络连接状态，包括监听端口、本地套接字和TCP/UDP连接，同时列出了所有与PostgreSQL相关的后台进程及其PID。通过netstat和ps命令组合使用，可以全面了解PostgreSQL的运行情况。

[root@dbserver tmp]# netstat -nap |grep postgres
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:7432            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      64287/postgres      
tcp6       0      0 :::7432                 :::*                    LISTEN      64287/postgres      
udp6       0      0 ::1:61020               ::1:61020               ESTABLISHED 64287/postgres      
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     491548   64287/postgres       /tmp/.s.PGSQL.7432
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     514748   74729/postgres: pg1  /tmp/.s.PGSQL.7432  --->>注意此处74729号进程。
[root@dbserver tmp]# ps -ef |grep postgres
pg12bt2   64287      1  0 18:33 ?        00:00:00 /home/pg12bt2/pg12bt2bin/bin/postgres
pg12bt2   64292  64287  0 18:33 ?        00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer   
pg12bt2   64293  64287  0 18:33 ?        00:00:00 postgres: background writer   
pg12bt2   64294  64287  0 18:33 ?        00:00:00 postgres: walwriter   
pg12bt2   64295  64287  0 18:33 ?        00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher   
pg12bt2   64296  64287  0 18:33 ?        00:00:00 postgres: stats collector   
pg12bt2   64297  64287  0 18:33 ?        00:00:00 postgres: logical replication launcher  
pg12bt2   74728  74686  0 21:19 pts/0    00:00:00 psql -d postgres
pg12bt2   74729  64287  0 21:19 ?        00:00:00 postgres: pg12bt2 postgres [local] idle   --->>注意此处74729号进程。
root      82998  74746  0 23:38 pts/4    00:00:00 grep --color=auto postgres
[root@dbserver tmp]#

参考：
https://access.redhat.com/solutions/442393

The -nap options are a very useful combination to see All connections (local socket and tcp/udp), 
the PID/Program name, and Numeric address instead of DNS name. 
Looking up network names slows the query considerably, particularly if there are problems with DNS. 
The options -t and -u can be used instead of -a to view only TCP and/or UDP connections.

These options are explained from the man page (man netstat) as:

--numeric , -n
    Show numerical addresses instead of trying to determine symbolic host, port or user names.
-a, --all
    Show both listening and non-listening (for TCP this means established connections) sockets.  
    With the --interfaces option, show interfaces that  are  not up
-p, --program
    Show the PID and name of the program to which each socket belongs.