Android BroadcastReceiver 广播接收者-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/monkeyzsf/article/details/39617599

本文详细介绍了Android中的广播机制，包括如何创建BroadcastReceiver类并重写onReceive()方法以接收广播Intent，以及两种订阅广播Intent的方法：通过Java代码或在AndroidManifest.xml中配置。

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Android BroadcastReceiver 广播接收者

BroadcastReceiver用于接受Broadcast Intent，该Intent的发送是通过调用context.sendBroadcast()、context.sendOrderBroadcast()来实现的。通常一个广播Intent可以被订阅了该Intent的多个BroadcastReceiver所接收。

一、继承BroadcastReceiver并重写onReceive()方法。

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Log.i("MyBroadcastReceiver", "onReceive");
        Log.i("MyBroadcastReceiver", intent.getStringExtra("txt"));
    }

}

二、订阅广播Intent，有两种方式。

1.在Java代码中实现订阅：（其中的Action是为了过滤）

MyBroadcastReceiver myBroadcastReceiver= new MyBroadcastReceiver();
IntentFilter intetFilter = new IntentFilter(
                      "com.zsf.broadcastreceiver_01.intent.action.MyBroadcastReceiver");
registerReceiver(myBroadcastReceiver, intetFilter);
//unregisterReceiver(myBroadcastReceiver);

2.在AndroidManifest.xml中进行注册订阅：

<receiver android:name=".myBroadcastReceiver">
  <intent-filter>
      <action android:name="com.zsf.broadcastreceiver_01.intent.action.MyBroadcastReceiver" />
  </intent-filter>
</receiver>

以下是完整Demo：

activity_main.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  tools:context=".MainActivity" >
  <TextView
      android:id="@+id/textView1"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:text="@string/hello_world" />

  <Button
      android:id="@+id/btn_sendbroadcastreceiver"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/textView1"
      android:layout_below="@+id/textView1"
      android:text="sendbroadcastreceiver" />

  <Button
      android:id="@+id/btn_registerbc"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/btn_sendbroadcastreceiver"
      android:layout_below="@+id/btn_sendbroadcastreceiver"
      android:text="btn_registerbc" />

  <Button
      android:id="@+id/btn_unregisterbc"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/btn_registerbc"
      android:layout_below="@+id/btn_registerbc"
      android:text="btn_unregisterbc" />
</RelativeLayout>

MyBroadcastReceiver.java

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

      @Override
      public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
          Log.i("MyBroadcastReceiver", "onReceive");
          Log.i("MyBroadcastReceiver", intent.getStringExtra("txt"));
      }

  }

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

      private Button btn_sendbroadcastreceiver;
      private Button btn_registerbc;
      private Button btn_unregisterbc;
      private MyBroadcastReceiver myBroadcastReceiver;

      @Override
      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
          setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

          btn_sendbroadcastreceiver = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_sendbroadcastreceiver);
          btn_registerbc = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_registerbc);
          btn_unregisterbc = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_unregisterbc);
          myBroadcastReceiver= new MyBroadcastReceiver();

          btn_sendbroadcastreceiver.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

              @Override
              public void onClick(View v) {
                  //Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyBroadcastReceiver.class);
                  Intent intent = new Intent(
                          "com.zsf.broadcastreceiver_01.intent.action.MyBroadcastReceiver");
                  intent.putExtra("txt", "hello");
                  sendBroadcast(intent);
              }
          });

          btn_registerbc.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

              @Override
              public void onClick(View v) {
                  IntentFilter intetFilter = new IntentFilter(
                          "com.zsf.broadcastreceiver_01.intent.action.MyBroadcastReceiver");
                  registerReceiver(myBroadcastReceiver, intetFilter);
              }
          });

          btn_unregisterbc.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

              @Override
              public void onClick(View v) {
                  unregisterReceiver(myBroadcastReceiver);
              }
          });

      }

  }