0xcd(205)问题

昨天调试SLanAgent时碰到一个很奇怪的问题。

SLanServer和SLanAgent都用Debug版运行,取得Agent的各种数据,一直跑得很好。但是用python写了一个测试程序, 从SLanAgent取得OSInfo,在解析OSVersion和OSMend时一直出错。SLanAgent是采用utf-8传输字符串的。 python中取得字符串后也使用utf-8解析了,但是python就是报错,说有些byte无法被decode。

调试SLanAgent之后,发现转换成utf-8传输时,如果传一个100字节的数组,但里面的内容不足100字节,那么多余那些类容会被填充为 0xcd(也就是205),奇怪,从来没有使用0xcd这个数字啊,字符串的结束符不应该是0x0吗?为什么无故变成0xcd了呢,这个0xcd又是怎么 来的呢。

上网查了之后发现,0xcd是被vc的debug版自动加上去的,对于一个分配了空间但是没有初始化的char数组,在调试版的时候,vc会把所有的字节初始化为0xcd(cd表示clear data),表示没被初始化过,这样放可以防止某些时候报错。

问题清楚了,解决起来也很容易,在用new分配空间的时候,分配完之后立即用memset对这段空间进行初始化,这下就不再出问题了。

btw:虽然这个0xcd在python下出错了,但是在SLanServer一直没出现问题,并且对于以0x25结尾的字符 串,MultiByteToWideChar这个函数也不会把一连串的0xcd当作真正的字符进行解析,这个MultiByteToWideChar也挺 奇怪啊。

const char manzaidata[]={0x74,0x30,0x2E,0x74,0x78,0x74,0x3D,0x22,0xC0,0xAC,0xBB, 0xF8,0xC2,0xFA,0xD4,0xD8,0x22,0xff,0xff,0xff}; // const char kongdata[]={0x74,0x30,0x2E,0x74,0x78,0x74,0x3D,0x22,0x20,0x22,0xff,0xff,0xff}; char play[]={0x70,0x6C,0x61,0x79,0x20,0x30,0x2C,0x30,0x2C,0x30}; unsigned char aa[2]={0}; const char start[]={0x64,0x61,0x74,0x61,0x30,0x2E ,0x69 ,0x6E ,0x73 ,0x65 ,0x72 ,0x74 ,0x28 ,0x22 }; const char end[]={0x22,0x29,0xff,0xff,0xff}; const char end2[]={0xff,0xff,0xff}; //塑料 const char data1[]={0x5E,0xCD,0xC1,0xB6,0xB9,'\0'}; //白色瓶 const char data2[]={0x5E ,0xB0 ,0xD7 ,0xC2 ,0xDC ,0xB2 ,0xB7 ,'\0'}; //红色瓶 const char data3[]={0x5E ,0xBA ,0xFA ,0xC2 ,0xDC ,0xB2 ,0xB7 ,'\0'}; //纸片 const char data4[]={0x5E ,0xD6 ,0xBD ,0xB1 ,0xAD ,'\0'}; //石头 const char data5[]={0x5E ,0xCA ,0xAF ,0xCD ,0xB7 ,'\0'}; //玻片 const char data6[]={0x5E ,0xB4,0xC9 ,0xC6 ,0xAC ,'\0'}; //5号电池 const char data7[]={0x5E ,0x35 ,0xBA ,0xC5 ,0xB5 ,0xE7 ,0xB3 ,0xD8 ,'\0'}; //1号电池 const char data8[]={0x5E ,0x31 ,0xBA ,0xC5 ,0xB5 ,0xE7 ,0xB3 ,0xD8 ,'\0'}; //有害垃圾 const char data10[]={0x5E ,0xD3 ,0xD0 ,0xBA ,0xA6 ,0xC0 ,0xAC ,0xBB ,0xF8 ,0x5E,'\0'}; //厨余垃圾 const char data11[]={0x5E ,0xB3 ,0xF8 ,0xD3 ,0xE0 ,0xC0 ,0xAC ,0xBB ,0xF8 ,0x5E,'\0'}; //可回收垃圾 const char data12[]={0x5E ,0xBF ,0xC9 ,0xBB ,0xD8 ,0xCA ,0xD5 ,0xC0 ,0xAC ,0xBB ,0xF8 ,0x5E,'\0'}; //其他垃圾 const char data13[]={0x5E ,0xC6 ,0xE4 ,0xCB ,0xFB ,0xC0 ,0xAC ,0xBB ,0xF8 ,0x5E,'\0'}; 翻译成这段程序,并将16进制数据转为十进制
07-21
#include <Wire.h> #define RX1PIN 1 #define TX1PIN 2 // PCF8591地址 (默认地址,A0,A1,A2接地) #define PCF8591_ADDRESS 0x48 // 通道定义 #define CHANNEL0 0x00 #define CHANNEL1 0x01 #define CHANNEL2 0x02 #define CHANNEL3 0x03 int adcValue_light = 0; int adcValue_mq2 = 0; String command= ""; String uartBuffer = ""; int uart_num = -1; int fire_flag = 0; int light_flag = 0; void setup() { pinMode(17, OUTPUT); pinMode(8, OUTPUT); pinMode(3, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(9600);//串口屏 Serial1.begin(9600, SERIAL_8N1, RX1PIN, TX1PIN);//k230 Wire.begin(16, 15); // SDA=GPIO15, SCL=GPIO16 digitalWrite(8, HIGH);//蜂鸣器操作 digitalWrite(17, LOW);//电机操作 digitalWrite(3, HIGH);//LED操作 Serial.println("PCF8591 ADC测试"); Serial.println("==============="); // 测试PCF8591连接 Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8591_ADDRESS); if (Wire.endTransmission() == 0) { Serial.println("PCF8591连接成功"); } else { Serial.println("PCF8591连接失败,请检查接线"); while(1); } } void loop() { //k230接收 if (Serial1.available() > 0) { receiveData(); } // 读取对应通道 adcValue_light = readPCF8591(0); int LUX =1000 * adcValue_light / (256 - adcValue_light); LUX = 49.75 * pow(LUX/1000.0, -1.189); command = "page0.t1.txt=\"" + String(LUX) + "lx\"\xff\xff\xff"; Serial.print(command); delay(10); adcValue_mq2 = readPCF8591(1); int PPM = 8.1 * pow(2.718, (1.54 * adcValue_mq2 * 3.3) / 256.0); command = "page0.t3.txt=\"" + String(PPM) + "ppm\"\xff\xff\xff"; Serial.print(command); delay(10); if(adcValue_light > 150)light_flag = 1; if(adcValue_light < 150)light_flag = 0; // if(adcValue_mq2 > 200)fire_flag = 2; if(adcValue_mq2 > 150 && adcValue_mq2 < 200)fire_flag = 1; if(adcValue_mq2 < 150)fire_flag = 0; if(fire_flag == 1) //有火 { digitalWrite(3, LOW);//LED操作 亮灯 digitalWrite(8, LOW);//蜂鸣器操作 digitalWrite(17, HIGH);//电机操作 if(uart_num != 3) displayFireSystemWarning(); } if(fire_flag == 0) //无火 { if(uart_num == 3) //k230识别到无火 displaySystemNormal(); if(uart_num != 3) displayFireWarning(); digitalWrite(8, HIGH);//蜂鸣器操作 digitalWrite(17, LOW);//电机操作 if(light_flag == 1) digitalWrite(3, LOW);//LED操作 if(light_flag == 0) digitalWrite(3, HIGH);//LED操作 } delay(500); } // 读取PCF8591指定通道的ADC值 int readPCF8591(uint8_t channel) { // 设置控制字节:启用模拟输出,选择通道 uint8_t controlByte = 0x40 | (channel & 0x03); Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8591_ADDRESS); Wire.write(controlByte); // 发送控制字节 Wire.endTransmission(); // 请求读取2个字节(第一个是前一次转换结果,第二个是当前值) Wire.requestFrom(PCF8591_ADDRESS, 2); if (Wire.available() == 2) { Wire.read(); // 丢弃第一个字节(前一次结果) return Wire.read(); // 返回当前ADC值 } return -1; // 读取失败 } // 可选:设置DAC输出(如果使用模拟输出功能) void setPCF8591DAC(uint8_t dacValue) { Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8591_ADDRESS); Wire.write(0x40); // 启用模拟输出 Wire.write(dacValue); // 设置DAC值 Wire.endTransmission(); } void receiveData() { static int count = 0; // 静态变量,只在第一次初始化 uartBuffer = Serial1.readStringUntil(']'); // 使用分隔符 uartBuffer.trim(); String uartBuffer_1 = uartBuffer + ']'; // 使用模式匹配进行判断 if (uartBuffer_1.indexOf("[]") != -1) { if(uart_num != 3) count = count + 1; if(count >= 12) //火灾识别延时 { count = 0; uart_num = 3; } } if (uartBuffer_1.indexOf("[1]") != -1) { uart_num = 1; count = 0; } if (uartBuffer_1.indexOf("[0]") != -1) { uart_num = 0; count = 0; } } void displayFireWarning() { Serial.print("page0.g0.txt=\""); // 此处为防火区域,请勿吸烟 // 此 {0xB4, 0xCB} Serial.write(0xB4); Serial.write(0xCB); // 处 {0xB4, 0xA6} Serial.write(0xB4); Serial.write(0xA6); // 为 {0xCE, 0xAA} Serial.write(0xCE); Serial.write(0xAA); // 防 {0xB7, 0xC0} Serial.write(0xB7); Serial.write(0xC0); // 火 {0xBB, 0xF0} Serial.write(0xBB); Serial.write(0xF0); // 区 {0xC7, 0xF8} Serial.write(0xC7); Serial.write(0xF8); // 域 {0xD3, 0xF2} Serial.write(0xD3); Serial.write(0xF2); // , {0xA3, 0xAC} Serial.write(0xA3); Serial.write(0xAC); // 请 {0xC7, 0xEB} Serial.write(0xC7); Serial.write(0xEB); // 勿 {0xCE, 0xF1} Serial.write(0xCE); Serial.write(0xF1); // 吸 {0xCE, 0xFC} Serial.write(0xCE); Serial.write(0xFC); // 烟 {0xD1, 0xCC} Serial.write(0xD1); Serial.write(0xCC); Serial.print("\"\xff\xff\xff"); delay(10); } void displayFireSystemWarning() { Serial.print("page0.g0.txt=\""); // 此处为防火区域即将启动灭火系统请您立即离开 // 此 {0xB4, 0xCB} Serial.write(0xB4); Serial.write(0xCB); // 处 {0xB4, 0xA6} Serial.write(0xB4); Serial.write(0xA6); // 为 {0xCE, 0xAA} Serial.write(0xCE); Serial.write(0xAA); // 防 {0xB7, 0xC0} Serial.write(0xB7); Serial.write(0xC0); // 火 {0xBB, 0xF0} Serial.write(0xBB); Serial.write(0xF0); // 区 {0xC7, 0xF8} Serial.write(0xC7); Serial.write(0xF8); // 域 {0xD3, 0xF2} Serial.write(0xD3); Serial.write(0xF2); // 即 {0xBC, 0xB4} Serial.write(0xBC); Serial.write(0xB4); // 将 {0xBD, 0xAB} Serial.write(0xBD); Serial.write(0xAB); // 启 {0xC6, 0xF4} Serial.write(0xC6); Serial.write(0xF4); // 动 {0xB6, 0xAF} Serial.write(0xB6); Serial.write(0xAF); // 灭 {0xC3, 0xF0} Serial.write(0xC3); Serial.write(0xF0); // 火 {0xBB, 0xF0} Serial.write(0xBB); Serial.write(0xF0); // 系 {0xCF, 0xB5} Serial.write(0xCF); Serial.write(0xB5); // 统 {0xCD, 0xB3} Serial.write(0xCD); Serial.write(0xB3); // 请 {0xC7, 0xEB} Serial.write(0xC7); Serial.write(0xEB); // 您 {0xC4, 0xFA} Serial.write(0xC4); Serial.write(0xFA); // 立 {0xC1, 0xA2} Serial.write(0xC1); Serial.write(0xA2); // 即 {0xBC, 0xB4} Serial.write(0xBC); Serial.write(0xB4); // 离 {0xC0, 0xEB} Serial.write(0xC0); Serial.write(0xEB); // 开 {0xBF, 0xAA} Serial.write(0xBF); Serial.write(0xAA); Serial.print("\"\xff\xff\xff"); delay(10); } void displaySystemNormal() { Serial.print("page0.g0.txt=\""); // 系统正常 // 系 {0xCF, 0xB5} Serial.write(0xCF); Serial.write(0xB5); // 统 {0xCD, 0xB3} Serial.write(0xCD); Serial.write(0xB3); // 正 {0xD5, 0xFD} Serial.write(0xD5); Serial.write(0xFD); // 常 {0xB3, 0xA3} Serial.write(0xB3); Serial.write(0xA3); Serial.print("\"\xff\xff\xff"); delay(10); }请以以上代码为基础,编写上位机程序,要求上位机显示烟雾浓度,光照强度。当视觉识别模块通过串口发送信息识别到有人拿出烟后上位机显示此处为防火区域,请勿吸烟。当烟雾值达到阈值后上位机显示此处为防火区域,即将启动灭火系统请您立即离开。要求使用ESP32S3主控芯片上的WIFI模块进行上位机设计,编译环境使用Arduino IDE编写。不可以改动我的代码,只需要编写上位机
11-28
#include <Wire.h> #define RX1PIN 1 #define TX1PIN 2 // PCF8591地址 (默认地址,A0,A1,A2接地) #define PCF8591_ADDRESS 0x48 // 通道定义 #define CHANNEL0 0x00 #define CHANNEL1 0x01 #define CHANNEL2 0x02 #define CHANNEL3 0x03 int adcValue_light = 0; int adcValue_mq2 = 0; String command= “”; String uartBuffer = “”; int uart_num = -1; int fire_flag = 0; int light_flag = 0; void setup() { pinMode(17, OUTPUT); pinMode(8, OUTPUT); pinMode(3, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(9600);//串口屏 Serial1.begin(9600, SERIAL_8N1, RX1PIN, TX1PIN);//k230 Wire.begin(16, 15); // SDA=GPIO15, SCL=GPIO16 digitalWrite(8, HIGH);//蜂鸣器操作 digitalWrite(17, LOW);//电机操作 digitalWrite(3, HIGH);//LED操作 Serial.println(“PCF8591 ADC测试); Serial.println(“===============”); // 测试PCF8591连接 Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8591_ADDRESS); if (Wire.endTransmission() == 0) { Serial.println(“PCF8591连接成功”); } else { Serial.println(“PCF8591连接失败,请检查接线”); while(1); } } void loop() { //k230接收 if (Serial1.available() > 0) { receiveData(); } // 读取对应通道 adcValue_light = readPCF8591(0); int LUX =1000 * adcValue_light / (256 - adcValue_light); LUX = 49.75 * pow(LUX/1000.0, -1.189); command = “page0.t1.txt="” + String(LUX) + “lx"\xff\xff\xff”; Serial.print(command); delay(10); adcValue_mq2 = readPCF8591(1); int PPM = 8.1 * pow(2.718, (1.54 * adcValue_mq2 * 3.3) / 256.0); command = “page0.t3.txt="” + String(PPM) + “ppm"\xff\xff\xff”; Serial.print(command); delay(10); if(adcValue_light > 150)light_flag = 1; if(adcValue_light < 150)light_flag = 0; // if(adcValue_mq2 > 200)fire_flag = 2; if(adcValue_mq2 > 150 && adcValue_mq2 < 200)fire_flag = 1; if(adcValue_mq2 < 150)fire_flag = 0; if(fire_flag == 1) //有火 { digitalWrite(3, LOW);//LED操作 亮灯 digitalWrite(8, LOW);//蜂鸣器操作 digitalWrite(17, HIGH);//电机操作 if(uart_num != 3) displayFireSystemWarning(); } if(fire_flag == 0) //无火 { if(uart_num == 3) //k230识别到无火 displaySystemNormal(); if(uart_num != 3) displayFireWarning(); digitalWrite(8, HIGH);//蜂鸣器操作 digitalWrite(17, LOW);//电机操作 if(light_flag == 1) digitalWrite(3, LOW);//LED操作 if(light_flag == 0) digitalWrite(3, HIGH);//LED操作 } delay(500); } // 读取PCF8591指定通道的ADC值 int readPCF8591(uint8_t channel) { // 设置控制字节:启用模拟输出,选择通道 uint8_t controlByte = 0x40 | (channel & 0x03); Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8591_ADDRESS); Wire.write(controlByte); // 发送控制字节 Wire.endTransmission(); // 请求读取2个字节(第一个是前一次转换结果,第二个是当前值) Wire.requestFrom(PCF8591_ADDRESS, 2); if (Wire.available() == 2) { Wire.read(); // 丢弃第一个字节(前一次结果) return Wire.read(); // 返回当前ADC值 } return -1; // 读取失败 } // 可选:设置DAC输出(如果使用模拟输出功能) void setPCF8591DAC(uint8_t dacValue) { Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8591_ADDRESS); Wire.write(0x40); // 启用模拟输出 Wire.write(dacValue); // 设置DAC值 Wire.endTransmission(); } void receiveData() { static int count = 0; // 静态变量,只在第一次初始化 uartBuffer = Serial1.readStringUntil(‘]’); // 使用分隔符 uartBuffer.trim(); String uartBuffer_1 = uartBuffer + ‘]’; // 使用模式匹配进行判断 if (uartBuffer_1.indexOf(“[]”) != -1) { if(uart_num != 3) count = count + 1; if(count >= 12) //火灾识别延时 { count = 0; uart_num = 3; } } if (uartBuffer_1.indexOf(“[1]”) != -1) { uart_num = 1; count = 0; } if (uartBuffer_1.indexOf(“[0]”) != -1) { uart_num = 0; count = 0; } } void displayFireWarning() { Serial.print(“page0.g0.txt="”); // 此处为防火区域,请勿吸烟 // 此 {0xB4, 0xCB} Serial.write(0xB4); Serial.write(0xCB); // 处 {0xB4, 0xA6} Serial.write(0xB4); Serial.write(0xA6); // 为 {0xCE, 0xAA} Serial.write(0xCE); Serial.write(0xAA); // 防 {0xB7, 0xC0} Serial.write(0xB7); Serial.write(0xC0); // 火 {0xBB, 0xF0} Serial.write(0xBB); Serial.write(0xF0); // 区 {0xC7, 0xF8} Serial.write(0xC7); Serial.write(0xF8); // 域 {0xD3, 0xF2} Serial.write(0xD3); Serial.write(0xF2); // , {0xA3, 0xAC} Serial.write(0xA3); Serial.write(0xAC); // 请 {0xC7, 0xEB} Serial.write(0xC7); Serial.write(0xEB); // 勿 {0xCE, 0xF1} Serial.write(0xCE); Serial.write(0xF1); // 吸 {0xCE, 0xFC} Serial.write(0xCE); Serial.write(0xFC); // 烟 {0xD1, 0xCC} Serial.write(0xD1); Serial.write(0xCC); Serial.print(“"\xff\xff\xff”); delay(10); } void displayFireSystemWarning() { Serial.print(“page0.g0.txt="”); // 此处为防火区域即将启动灭火系统请您立即离开 // 此 {0xB4, 0xCB} Serial.write(0xB4); Serial.write(0xCB); // 处 {0xB4, 0xA6} Serial.write(0xB4); Serial.write(0xA6); // 为 {0xCE, 0xAA} Serial.write(0xCE); Serial.write(0xAA); // 防 {0xB7, 0xC0} Serial.write(0xB7); Serial.write(0xC0); // 火 {0xBB, 0xF0} Serial.write(0xBB); Serial.write(0xF0); // 区 {0xC7, 0xF8} Serial.write(0xC7); Serial.write(0xF8); // 域 {0xD3, 0xF2} Serial.write(0xD3); Serial.write(0xF2); // 即 {0xBC, 0xB4} Serial.write(0xBC); Serial.write(0xB4); // 将 {0xBD, 0xAB} Serial.write(0xBD); Serial.write(0xAB); // 启 {0xC6, 0xF4} Serial.write(0xC6); Serial.write(0xF4); // 动 {0xB6, 0xAF} Serial.write(0xB6); Serial.write(0xAF); // 灭 {0xC3, 0xF0} Serial.write(0xC3); Serial.write(0xF0); // 火 {0xBB, 0xF0} Serial.write(0xBB); Serial.write(0xF0); // 系 {0xCF, 0xB5} Serial.write(0xCF); Serial.write(0xB5); // 统 {0xCD, 0xB3} Serial.write(0xCD); Serial.write(0xB3); // 请 {0xC7, 0xEB} Serial.write(0xC7); Serial.write(0xEB); // 您 {0xC4, 0xFA} Serial.write(0xC4); Serial.write(0xFA); // 立 {0xC1, 0xA2} Serial.write(0xC1); Serial.write(0xA2); // 即 {0xBC, 0xB4} Serial.write(0xBC); Serial.write(0xB4); // 离 {0xC0, 0xEB} Serial.write(0xC0); Serial.write(0xEB); // 开 {0xBF, 0xAA} Serial.write(0xBF); Serial.write(0xAA); Serial.print(“"\xff\xff\xff”); delay(10); } void displaySystemNormal() { Serial.print(“page0.g0.txt="”); // 系统正常 // 系 {0xCF, 0xB5} Serial.write(0xCF); Serial.write(0xB5); // 统 {0xCD, 0xB3} Serial.write(0xCD); Serial.write(0xB3); // 正 {0xD5, 0xFD} Serial.write(0xD5); Serial.write(0xFD); // 常 {0xB3, 0xA3} Serial.write(0xB3); Serial.write(0xA3); Serial.print(“"\xff\xff\xff”); delay(10); }请以以上代码为基础,编写上位机程序,要求上位机显示烟雾浓度,光照强度。当视觉识别模块通过串口发送信息识别到有人拿出烟后上位机显示此处为防火区域,请勿吸烟。当烟雾值达到阈值后上位机显示此处为防火区域,即将启动灭火系统请您立即离开。要求使用ESP32S3主控芯片上的WIFI模块进行上位机设计,编译环境使用Arduino IDE编写。不可以改动我的代码,只需要编写上位机,上位机代码需要简单不能改动我的所有代码
最新发布
11-28
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