html学习笔记2

1.css样式表的三种使用方式:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <!-- 内嵌式 -->
    <style>
        /* 选择器, css样式表可以由很多选择器组成,选择器就是用来选择标签并给标签添加样式 */
        a {
            color:brown;
        }

        div{
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            background: blue;
        }
    </style>

    <!-- 外链式 -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/main.css">
</head>
<body>
    <!-- 行内式 -->
    <p style="color: red;">我是一个段落标签</p>
    <a href="http://www.baidu.com">百度</a>
</body>
</html>

2.标签选择器

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>

    <style>
        p {
            color:red;
        }
    </style>

</head>
<body>
    <!-- 标签选择器,就是以标签名开头,根据标签名来选择html文件中的标签,给标签添加样式 -->
    <p>hello world</p>
    <p>你好</p>

</body>
</html>

3.类选择器

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>

    <style>
        /* 类选择器,以点开头,根据类名选择标签,给标签添加样式 */
        .myp{
            color:red;
        }

        .mybg{
            background: blue;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p>xxxx</p>
    <p class="myp">哈哈,我是一个段落标签</p>
    <!-- 这里标签使用了两个类选择器 -->
    <p class="myp mybg">哈哈,我是一个段落标签</p>
</body>
</html>

4.层级选择器

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>

    <style>
        div div{
            color: green;
        }

        div .box2{
            color: aquamarine;
        }

        div div p{
            color: red;
        }

    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <div>哈哈</div>

        <div class="box2">嘻嘻</div>

        <div>
            <p>hello</p>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div>哈哈</div>
    <!-- 层级选择器不一定必须是父子关系,祖孙关系的子标签也可以找到,完成添加样式操作 -->
</body>
</html>

5.id选择器

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>

    <style>
        /* id选择器, 以#开头,根据id名选择html中的标签,给标签添加样式 */
        #myid1{
            color: blue;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p id="myid1">哈哈</p>
    <!-- 在html文件中标签的id是惟一的,不能重复,后续js会根据id获取对应的标签对象 -->
</body>
</html>

6.组选择器

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>

        /* 组选择器就是多个选择器的组合,把功能的代码可以放到组选择器里面 */
        /* 这里表达的意思是定义了三个类选择器,他们都有同样的样式规则 */
        .box1, .box2, .box3 {
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;

        }
        /* 提示:在css里面出现同样的选择器,后面的不会覆盖前面的,后面的选择器会在前面选择器的基础上追加样式 */
        .box1{
            background: red;
        }
        .box2{
            background: blue;
        }
        .box3{
            background: green;
        }

    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <!-- div.box1*3:创建三个div并且指定class属性的名字是box1 -->
    <div class="box1"></div>
    <div class="box2"></div>
    <div class="box3"></div>
</body>
</html>

7.伪类选择器

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>

    <style>
        div{
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            background: green;
        }
        /* 伪类选择器就是给其它选择器添加特殊效果,表现形式为选择器后加冒号再跟上伪类名字 */
        div:hover{
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
            background: red;

        }
    </style>

</head>
<body>
    <div>哈哈</div>
    
</body>
</html>

8.常用的布局样式属性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>

    <style>
        .box{
            width:100px;
            height:100px;
            background: green;             
            /*background: url(../day07+/876740312508119373.jpg);*/
            /* 设置标签的四周边框大小 */
            /*border:5px solid red;*/
            /* 设置标签的最上面边框 */
            border-top: 5px solid red;
            border-bottom: 5px solid red;
            border-left: 5px solid blue;
            border-right: 5px solid blueviolet;
            /* 设置浮动,只能设置左浮动和右浮动 */
            /* float: right; */
        }

        .box1{
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
            background: blue;
        }

        .box2{
            width: 100px;
            height: 100px;
            background: yellow;
            float:left
        }

        .box3{
            width: 50px;
            height: 50px;
            background: gray;
            float:right
        }

    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <!-- 布局常用空间是div -->
    <div class="box">哈哈</div>
    <br>

    <!-- div>div*2 创建一个父div,在父div中创建两个子div -->
    <div class="box1">
        <div class="box2"></div>
        <div class="box3"></div>
    </div>

</body>
</html>

9.常用的文本样式属性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>

    <style>
        p{
            color:red;
            font-size: 30px;
            font-weight:bold;
            font-family: "Microsoft Yahei";
            background: beige;
            text-decoration: underline;
            line-height: 100px;
            text-align: center;
        }

        span{
            color:gold;
        }

        a{
            text-decoration: none;
        }


    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <!-- span标签可以给一段文字中的其中一段数据修改样式 -->
    <p>听说下雨天音乐和<span>辣条</span>更配呦~</p>
    <a href="http://www.baidu.com">百度</a>
</body>
</html>

10.元素溢出

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>

    <style>
        .box1{
            width:100px;
            height:100px;
            background:red;
            /* 超出部分隐藏 */
            overflow: hidden;
             
        }

        .box2{
            width:200px;
            height:50px;
            background:greenyellow;
        }
    </style>

</head>
<body>
    <div class="box1">
        <div class="box2"></div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

11.显示特性

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        .box1{
            width:100px;
            height:100px;
            background: ghostwhite;
                        
        }

        .box2{
            width:100px;
            height:100px;
            background: rgb(87, 87, 183);
            display: inline;
                       
        }
        
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="box1">
        哈哈
    </div>
    <p>嘻嘻</p>
    <div class="box2">
        哈哈
    </div>
    <a href="https://www.baidu.com">百度</a>
</body>
</html>

12.盒子模型

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        .box1{
            width:200px;
            height:200px;
            background:goldenrod;
            border:10px solid blueviolet;
            padding: 10px;
        }

        .box2{
            width: 100px;
            height:150px;
            background:green;
        }

        .box3{
            width: 100px;
            height:50px;
            background:gray;
            margin-top: 10px;
        }

        

    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <!-- 盒子模型设置四部分内容:1.内容大小(width,height)2.边框大小(border)3.内边距(padding)4.外边距(margin) -->
    
    <div class="box1">
        <div class="box2"></div>
    </div>

    <div class="box3"></div>
</body>
</html>

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