使用matplotlib绘制简单图表

4.绘制堆积面积图：
使用stackplot()绘制堆积面积图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.arange(6)
y1 = np.array([1,4,3,5,6,7])
y2 = np.array([1,3,4,2,7,6])
y3 = np.array([3,4,3,6,5,5])
plt.stackplot(x,y1,y2,y3)
plt.show()

实例图：

5.绘制直方图：
使用hist()绘制直方图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
socres = np.random.randint(0,100,50)
plt.hist(socres,bins=8,histtype='stepfilled')
plt.show()

实例图：

6.绘制饼图或圆环图：
使用pie()绘制饼图或圆环图

饼图：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
data = np.array([20,50,10,15,30,55])
pie_labels = np.array(['A','B','C','D','E','F'])
plt.pie(data,radius = 1.5,labels = pie_labels,autopct = '%3.1f%%')
plt.show()

圆环图：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
data = np.array([20,50,10,15,30,55])
pie_labels = np.array(['A','B','C','D','E','F'])
plt.pie(data,radius = 1.5,wedgeprops = {'width': 0.7},labels = pie_labels,
        autopct = '%3.1f%%',pctdistance = 0.75)
plt.show()

7.绘制散点图或气泡图：
使用scatter()绘制散点图或气泡图

散点图：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
num = 50
x = np.random.rand(num)
y = np.random.rand(num)
plt.scatter(x,y)
plt.show()

气泡图：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
num = 50
x = np.random.rand(num)
y = np.random.rand(num)
area = (30 * np.random.rand(num))**2
plt.scatter(x,y,s=area)
plt.show()

8.绘制箱型图：
使用boxplot()绘制箱型图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
data = np.random.randn(100)
plt.boxplot(data,meanline=True,widths=0.3,patch_artist=True,showfliers=False)
plt.show()

9.绘制雷达图：
使用polar()绘制雷达图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
dim_num = 6
data = np.array([[0.40,0.32,0.35,0.30,0.30,0.88],
                 [0.85,0.35,0.30,0.40,0.40,0.30],
                 [0.43,0.89,0.30,0.28,0.22,0.30],
                 [0.30,0.25,0.48,0.85,0.45,0.40],
                 [0.20,0.38,0.87,0.45,0.32,0.28],
                 [0.34,0.31,0.38,0.40,0.92,0.28]])
angles = np.linspace(0,2 * np.pi, dim_num, endpoint=False)
angles = np.concatenate((angles,[angles[0]]))
data = np.concatenate((data,[data[0]]))
radar_labels = ['研究型(I)','艺术型(A)','社会型(S)',
                '企业型(E)','传统型(C)','现实型(R)']
radar_labels = np.concatenate((radar_labels,[radar_labels[0]]))
plt.polar(angles,data)
plt.thetagrids(angles * 180/np.pi, labels = radar_labels)
plt.fill(angles,data,alpha=0.25)
plt.show()

10.绘制误差棒图：
使用errorbar()绘制误差棒图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x= np.arange(5)
y=(25,32,34,20,25)
y_offset=(3,5,2,3,3)
plt.errorbar(x,y,yerr=y_offset,capsize=3,capthick=2)
plt.show()