linux下syscall函数，SYS_gettid，SYS_tgkill

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-22 15:20:49 发布

lx_shudong

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-22 15:20:49 发布

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本文详细介绍了Linux系统调用的概念及使用方法，并提供了一个通过系统调用获取线程ID (tid) 的具体示例。此外，还列举了大量系统调用的宏定义，帮助读者更好地理解如何在程序中应用这些系统调用。

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原文：http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-28458801-id-4630215.html

NAME
syscall - 间接系统调用

SYNOPSIS
       #define _GNU_SOURCE
       #include <unistd.h>
       #include <sys/syscall.h>                /* For SYS_xxx definitions */

int syscall(int number, ...);

DESCRIPTION
       syscall() 执行一个系统调用，根据指定的参数number和所有系统调用的汇编语言接口来确定调用哪个系统调用。
       系统调用所使用的符号常量可以在头文件<sys/syscll.h>里面找到。

Linux中，每个进程有一个pid，类型pid_t，由getpid()取得。Linux下的POSIX线程也有一个id，类型 pthread_t，由pthread_self()取得，该id由线程库维护，其id空间是各个进程独立的（即不同进程中的线程可能有相同的id）。Linux中的POSIX线程库实现的线程其实也是一个进程（LWP），只是该进程与主进程（启动线程的进程）共享一些资源而已，比如代码段，数据段等。

有时候我们可能需要知道线程的真实pid。比如进程P1要向另外一个进程P2中的某个线程发送信号时，既不能使用P2的pid，更不能使用线程的pthread id，而只能使用该线程的真实pid，称为tid。

有一个函数gettid()可以得到tid，但glibc并没有实现该函数，只能通过Linux的系统调用syscall来获取。

测试实例：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

#include <unistd.h>

#include <sys/syscall.h>

#include <sys/types.h>

#include <signal.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

int

main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

     pid_t tid;

     tid = syscall(SYS_gettid);

     printf("tid : %d\n",tid);

     tid = syscall(SYS_tgkill, getpid(), tid, SIGHUP);

     printf("tid : %d ...\n",tid);

}

测试结果：

SYS_*

点击(此处)折叠或打开

/* Generated at libc build time from kernel syscall list. */

#ifndef _SYSCALL_H

# error "Never use <bits/syscall.h> directly; include <sys/syscall.h> instead."

#endif

#include <bits/wordsize.h>

#define SYS__sysctl __NR__sysctl

#define SYS_access __NR_access

#define SYS_acct __NR_acct

#define SYS_add_key __NR_add_key

#define SYS_adjtimex __NR_adjtimex

#define SYS_afs_syscall __NR_afs_syscall

#define SYS_alarm __NR_alarm

#define SYS_brk __NR_brk

#define SYS_capget __NR_capget

#define SYS_capset __NR_capset

#define SYS_chdir __NR_chdir

#define SYS_chmod __NR_chmod

#define SYS_chown __NR_chown

#define SYS_chroot __NR_chroot

#define SYS_clock_getres __NR_clock_getres

#define SYS_clock_gettime __NR_clock_gettime

#define SYS_clock_nanosleep __NR_clock_nanosleep

#define SYS_clock_settime __NR_clock_settime

#define SYS_clone __NR_clone

#define SYS_close __NR_close

#define SYS_creat __NR_creat

#define SYS_create_module __NR_create_module

#define SYS_delete_module __NR_delete_module

#define SYS_dup __NR_dup

#define SYS_dup2 __NR_dup2

#define SYS_epoll_create __NR_epoll_create

#define SYS_epoll_ctl __NR_epoll_ctl

#define SYS_epoll_wait __NR_epoll_wait

#define SYS_eventfd __NR_eventfd

#define SYS_execve __NR_execve

#define SYS_exit __NR_exit

#define SYS_exit_group __NR_exit_group

#define SYS_faccessat __NR_faccessat

#define SYS_fadvise64 __NR_fadvise64

#define SYS_fallocate __NR_fallocate

#define SYS_fchdir __NR_fchdir

#define SYS_fchmod __NR_fchmod

#define SYS_fchmodat __NR_fchmodat

#define SYS_fchown __NR_fchown

#define SYS_fchownat __NR_fchownat

#define SYS_fcntl __NR_fcntl

#define SYS_fdatasync __NR_fdatasync

#define SYS_fgetxattr __NR_fgetxattr

#define SYS_flistxattr __NR_flistxattr

#define SYS_flock __NR_flock

#define SYS_fork __NR_fork

#define SYS_fremovexattr __NR_fremovexattr

#define SYS_fsetxattr __NR_fsetxattr

#define SYS_fstat __NR_fstat

#define SYS_fstatfs __NR_fstatfs

#define SYS_fsync __NR_fsync

#define SYS_ftruncate __NR_ftruncate

#define SYS_futex __NR_futex

#define SYS_futimesat __NR_futimesat

#define SYS_get_kernel_syms __NR_get_kernel_syms

#define SYS_get_mempolicy __NR_get_mempolicy

#define SYS_get_robust_list __NR_get_robust_list

#define SYS_get_thread_area __NR_get_thread_area

#define SYS_getcwd __NR_getcwd

#define SYS_getdents __NR_getdents

#define SYS_getdents64 __NR_getdents64

#define SYS_getegid __NR_getegid

#define SYS_geteuid __NR_geteuid

#define SYS_getgid __NR_getgid

#define SYS_getgroups __NR_getgroups

#define SYS_getitimer __NR_getitimer

#define SYS_getpgid __NR_getpgid

#define SYS_getpgrp __NR_getpgrp

#define SYS_getpid __NR_getpid

#define SYS_getpmsg __NR_getpmsg

#define SYS_getppid __NR_getppid

#define SYS_getpriority __NR_getpriority

#define SYS_getresgid __NR_getresgid

#define SYS_getresuid __NR_getresuid

#define SYS_getrlimit __NR_getrlimit

#define SYS_getrusage __NR_getrusage

#define SYS_getsid __NR_getsid

#define SYS_gettid __NR_gettid

#define SYS_gettimeofday __NR_gettimeofday

#define SYS_getuid __NR_getuid

#define SYS_getxattr __NR_getxattr

#define SYS_init_module __NR_init_module

#define SYS_inotify_add_watch __NR_inotify_add_watch

#define SYS_inotify_init __NR_inotify_init

#define SYS_inotify_rm_watch __NR_inotify_rm_watch

#define SYS_io_cancel __NR_io_cancel

#define SYS_io_destroy __NR_io_destroy

#define SYS_io_getevents __NR_io_getevents

#define SYS_io_setup __NR_io_setup

#define SYS_io_submit __NR_io_submit

#define SYS_ioctl __NR_ioctl

#define SYS_ioperm __NR_ioperm

#define SYS_iopl __NR_iopl

#define SYS_ioprio_get __NR_ioprio_get

#define SYS_ioprio_set __NR_ioprio_set

#define SYS_kexec_load __NR_kexec_load

#define SYS_keyctl __NR_keyctl

#define SYS_kill __NR_kill

#define SYS_lchown __NR_lchown

#define SYS_lgetxattr __NR_lgetxattr

#define SYS_link __NR_link

#define SYS_linkat __NR_linkat

#define SYS_listxattr __NR_listxattr

#define SYS_llistxattr __NR_llistxattr

#define SYS_lookup_dcookie __NR_lookup_dcookie

#define SYS_lremovexattr __NR_lremovexattr

#define SYS_lseek __NR_lseek

#define SYS_lsetxattr __NR_lsetxattr

#define SYS_lstat __NR_lstat

#define SYS_madvise __NR_madvise

#define SYS_mbind __NR_mbind

#define SYS_migrate_pages __NR_migrate_pages

#define SYS_mincore __NR_mincore

#define SYS_mkdir __NR_mkdir

#define SYS_mkdirat __NR_mkdirat

#define SYS_mknod __NR_mknod

#define SYS_mknodat __NR_mknodat

#define SYS_mlock __NR_mlock

#define SYS_mlockall __NR_mlockall

#define SYS_mmap __NR_mmap

#define SYS_modify_ldt __NR_modify_ldt

#define SYS_mount __NR_mount

#define SYS_move_pages __NR_move_pages

#define SYS_mprotect __NR_mprotect

#define SYS_mq_getsetattr __NR_mq_getsetattr

#define SYS_mq_notify __NR_mq_notify

#define SYS_mq_open __NR_mq_open

#define SYS_mq_timedreceive __NR_mq_timedreceive

#define SYS_mq_timedsend __NR_mq_timedsend

#define SYS_mq_unlink __NR_mq_unlink

#define SYS_mremap __NR_mremap

#define SYS_msync __NR_msync

#define SYS_munlock __NR_munlock

#define SYS_munlockall __NR_munlockall

#define SYS_munmap __NR_munmap

#define SYS_nanosleep __NR_nanosleep

#define SYS_nfsservctl __NR_nfsservctl

#define SYS_open __NR_open

#define SYS_openat __NR_openat

#define SYS_pause __NR_pause

#define SYS_personality __NR_personality

#define SYS_pipe __NR_pipe

#define SYS_pivot_root __NR_pivot_root

#define SYS_poll __NR_poll

#define SYS_ppoll __NR_ppoll

#define SYS_prctl __NR_prctl

#define SYS_pread64 __NR_pread64

#define SYS_pselect6 __NR_pselect6

#define SYS_ptrace __NR_ptrace

#define SYS_putpmsg __NR_putpmsg

#define SYS_pwrite64 __NR_pwrite64

#define SYS_query_module __NR_query_module

#define SYS_quotactl __NR_quotactl

#define SYS_read __NR_read

#define SYS_readahead __NR_readahead

#define SYS_readlink __NR_readlink

#define SYS_readlinkat __NR_readlinkat

#define SYS_readv __NR_readv

#define SYS_reboot __NR_reboot

#define SYS_remap_file_pages __NR_remap_file_pages

#define SYS_removexattr __NR_removexattr

#define SYS_rename __NR_rename

#define SYS_renameat __NR_renameat

#define SYS_request_key __NR_request_key

#define SYS_restart_syscall __NR_restart_syscall

#define SYS_rmdir __NR_rmdir

#define SYS_rt_sigaction __NR_rt_sigaction

#define SYS_rt_sigpending __NR_rt_sigpending

#define SYS_rt_sigprocmask __NR_rt_sigprocmask

#define SYS_rt_sigqueueinfo __NR_rt_sigqueueinfo

#define SYS_rt_sigreturn __NR_rt_sigreturn

#define SYS_rt_sigsuspend __NR_rt_sigsuspend

#define SYS_rt_sigtimedwait __NR_rt_sigtimedwait

#define SYS_sched_get_priority_max __NR_sched_get_priority_max

#define SYS_sched_get_priority_min __NR_sched_get_priority_min

#define SYS_sched_getaffinity __NR_sched_getaffinity

#define SYS_sched_getparam __NR_sched_getparam

#define SYS_sched_getscheduler __NR_sched_getscheduler

#define SYS_sched_rr_get_interval __NR_sched_rr_get_interval

#define SYS_sched_setaffinity __NR_sched_setaffinity

#define SYS_sched_setparam __NR_sched_setparam

#define SYS_sched_setscheduler __NR_sched_setscheduler

#define SYS_sched_yield __NR_sched_yield

#define SYS_select __NR_select

#define SYS_sendfile __NR_sendfile

#define SYS_set_mempolicy __NR_set_mempolicy

#define SYS_set_robust_list __NR_set_robust_list

#define SYS_set_thread_area __NR_set_thread_area

#define SYS_set_tid_address __NR_set_tid_address

#define SYS_setdomainname __NR_setdomainname

#define SYS_setfsgid __NR_setfsgid

#define SYS_setfsuid __NR_setfsuid

#define SYS_setgid __NR_setgid

#define SYS_setgroups __NR_setgroups

#define SYS_sethostname __NR_sethostname

#define SYS_setitimer __NR_setitimer

#define SYS_setpgid __NR_setpgid

#define SYS_setpriority __NR_setpriority

#define SYS_setregid __NR_setregid

#define SYS_setresgid __NR_setresgid

#define SYS_setresuid __NR_setresuid

#define SYS_setreuid __NR_setreuid

#define SYS_setrlimit __NR_setrlimit

#define SYS_setsid __NR_setsid

#define SYS_settimeofday __NR_settimeofday

#define SYS_setuid __NR_setuid

#define SYS_setxattr __NR_setxattr

#define SYS_sigaltstack __NR_sigaltstack

#define SYS_splice __NR_splice

#define SYS_stat __NR_stat

#define SYS_statfs __NR_statfs

#define SYS_swapoff __NR_swapoff

#define SYS_swapon __NR_swapon

#define SYS_symlink __NR_symlink

#define SYS_symlinkat __NR_symlinkat

#define SYS_sync __NR_sync

#define SYS_sync_file_range __NR_sync_file_range

#define SYS_sysfs __NR_sysfs

#define SYS_sysinfo __NR_sysinfo

#define SYS_syslog __NR_syslog

#define SYS_tee __NR_tee

#define SYS_tgkill __NR_tgkill

#define SYS_time __NR_time

#define SYS_timer_create __NR_timer_create

#define SYS_timer_delete __NR_timer_delete

#define SYS_timer_getoverrun __NR_timer_getoverrun

#define SYS_timer_gettime __NR_timer_gettime

#define SYS_timer_settime __NR_timer_settime

#define SYS_times __NR_times

#define SYS_tkill __NR_tkill

#define SYS_truncate __NR_truncate

#define SYS_umask __NR_umask

#define SYS_umount2 __NR_umount2

#define SYS_uname __NR_uname

#define SYS_unlink __NR_unlink

#define SYS_unlinkat __NR_unlinkat

#define SYS_unshare __NR_unshare

#define SYS_uselib __NR_uselib

#define SYS_ustat __NR_ustat

#define SYS_utime __NR_utime

#define SYS_utimes __NR_utimes

#define SYS_vfork __NR_vfork

#define SYS_vhangup __NR_vhangup

#define SYS_vmsplice __NR_vmsplice

#define SYS_vserver __NR_vserver

#define SYS_wait4 __NR_wait4

#define SYS_waitid __NR_waitid

#define SYS_write __NR_write

#define SYS_writev __NR_writev

#if __WORDSIZE == 64

#define SYS_accept __NR_accept

#define SYS_arch_prctl __NR_arch_prctl

#define SYS_bind __NR_bind

#define SYS_connect __NR_connect

#define SYS_epoll_ctl_old __NR_epoll_ctl_old

#define SYS_epoll_pwait __NR_epoll_pwait

#define SYS_epoll_wait_old __NR_epoll_wait_old

#define SYS_getpeername __NR_getpeername

#define SYS_getsockname __NR_getsockname

#define SYS_getsockopt __NR_getsockopt

#define SYS_listen __NR_listen

#define SYS_msgctl __NR_msgctl

#define SYS_msgget __NR_msgget

#define SYS_msgrcv __NR_msgrcv

#define SYS_msgsnd __NR_msgsnd

#define SYS_newfstatat __NR_newfstatat

#define SYS_recvfrom __NR_recvfrom

#define SYS_recvmsg __NR_recvmsg

#define SYS_security __NR_security

#define SYS_semctl __NR_semctl

#define SYS_semget __NR_semget

#define SYS_semop __NR_semop

#define SYS_semtimedop __NR_semtimedop

#define SYS_sendmsg __NR_sendmsg

#define SYS_sendto __NR_sendto

#define SYS_setsockopt __NR_setsockopt

#define SYS_shmat __NR_shmat

#define SYS_shmctl __NR_shmctl

#define SYS_shmdt __NR_shmdt

#define SYS_shmget __NR_shmget

#define SYS_shutdown __NR_shutdown

#define SYS_signalfd __NR_signalfd

#define SYS_socket __NR_socket

#define SYS_socketpair __NR_socketpair

#define SYS_timerfd_create __NR_timerfd_create

#define SYS_tuxcall __NR_tuxcall

#define SYS_utimensat __NR_utimensat

#else

#define SYS__llseek __NR__llseek

#define SYS__newselect __NR__newselect

#define SYS_bdflush __NR_bdflush

#define SYS_break __NR_break

#define SYS_chown32 __NR_chown32

#define SYS_fadvise64_64 __NR_fadvise64_64

#define SYS_fchown32 __NR_fchown32

#define SYS_fcntl64 __NR_fcntl64

#define SYS_fstat64 __NR_fstat64

#define SYS_fstatat64 __NR_fstatat64

#define SYS_fstatfs64 __NR_fstatfs64

#define SYS_ftime __NR_ftime

#define SYS_ftruncate64 __NR_ftruncate64

#define SYS_getcpu __NR_getcpu

#define SYS_getegid32 __NR_getegid32

#define SYS_geteuid32 __NR_geteuid32

#define SYS_getgid32 __NR_getgid32

#define SYS_getgroups32 __NR_getgroups32

#define SYS_getresgid32 __NR_getresgid32

#define SYS_getresuid32 __NR_getresuid32

#define SYS_getuid32 __NR_getuid32

#define SYS_gtty __NR_gtty

#define SYS_idle __NR_idle

#define SYS_ipc __NR_ipc

#define SYS_lchown32 __NR_lchown32

#define SYS_lock __NR_lock

#define SYS_lstat64 __NR_lstat64

#define SYS_madvise1 __NR_madvise1

#define SYS_mmap2 __NR_mmap2

#define SYS_mpx __NR_mpx

#define SYS_nice __NR_nice

#define SYS_oldfstat __NR_oldfstat

#define SYS_oldlstat __NR_oldlstat

#define SYS_oldolduname __NR_oldolduname

#define SYS_oldstat __NR_oldstat

#define SYS_olduname __NR_olduname

#define SYS_prof __NR_prof

#define SYS_profil __NR_profil

#define SYS_readdir __NR_readdir

#define SYS_sendfile64 __NR_sendfile64

#define SYS_setfsgid32 __NR_setfsgid32

#define SYS_setfsuid32 __NR_setfsuid32

#define SYS_setgid32 __NR_setgid32

#define SYS_setgroups32 __NR_setgroups32

#define SYS_setregid32 __NR_setregid32

#define SYS_setresgid32 __NR_setresgid32

#define SYS_setresuid32 __NR_setresuid32

#define SYS_setreuid32 __NR_setreuid32

#define SYS_setuid32 __NR_setuid32

#define SYS_sgetmask __NR_sgetmask

#define SYS_sigaction __NR_sigaction

#define SYS_signal __NR_signal

#define SYS_sigpending __NR_sigpending

#define SYS_sigprocmask __NR_sigprocmask

#define SYS_sigreturn __NR_sigreturn

#define SYS_sigsuspend __NR_sigsuspend

#define SYS_socketcall __NR_socketcall

#define SYS_ssetmask __NR_ssetmask

#define SYS_stat64 __NR_stat64

#define SYS_statfs64 __NR_statfs64

#define SYS_stime __NR_stime

#define SYS_stty __NR_stty

#define SYS_truncate64 __NR_truncate64

#define SYS_ugetrlimit __NR_ugetrlimit

#define SYS_ulimit __NR_ulimit

#define SYS_umount __NR_umount

#define SYS_vm86 __NR_vm86

#define SYS_vm86old __NR_vm86old

#define SYS_waitpid __NR_waitpid

#endif