Eclipse 开发 Android, RelativeLayout (学习3)

本文介绍如何使用RelativeLayout布局来创建UI界面,通过定义子元素相对于父元素或其他兄弟元素的位置,实现灵活的布局设计。提供了具体的XML布局文件示例及Activity加载方法。

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Hello, RelativeLayout

A RelativeLayout is a ViewGroup that allows you to layout child elements in positions relative to the parent or siblings elements.

  1. Start a new project/Activity called HelloRelativeLayout.
  2. Open the layout file. Make it like so:
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/label"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Type here:"/>
    
        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/entry"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:background="@android:drawable/editbox_background"
            android:layout_below="@id/label"/>
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/ok"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_below="@id/entry"
            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
            android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"
            android:text="OK" />
    
        <Button
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/ok"
            android:layout_alignTop="@id/ok"
            android:text="Cancel" />
    
    </RelativeLayout>
    

    Pay attention to each of the additional layout_* attributes (besides the usual width and height, which are required for all elements). When using relative layout, we use attributes like layout_below and layout_toLeftOf to describe how we'd like to position each View. Naturally, these are different relative positions, and the value of the attribute is the id of the element we want the position relative to.

  3. Make sure your Activity loads this layout in the onCreate() method:

     

    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
    }
    

    R.layout.main refers to the main.xml layout file.

  4. Run it.

You should see the following:

备注:RelativeLayout  这种布局方式,是靠一些组件关联,然后形成UI界面。
 
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