Python:CSV、Json、Excel读写

Python:CSV、Json、Excel读写

CSV

CSV (Comma Separated Values)逗号分隔值格式，是一种常见的数据格式，以纯文本形式存储表格数据。
csv.reader（csvfile，dialect =‘excel’，** fmtparams）

import csv  
##读
with open('test.csv','rb') as myFile:  
    lines=csv.reader(myFile)  
    for line in lines:  
        print line
##写
with open('eggs.csv', 'wb') as csvfile:
    spamwriter = csv.writer(csvfile, delimiter=' ',
                            quotechar='|', quoting=csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL)
    spamwriter.writerow(['Spam'] * 5 + ['Baked Beans'])
    spamwriter.writerow(['Spam', 'Lovely Spam', 'Wonderful Spam'])

Json

import json

dict_1 = {"City":"Nanjing", "Year":2018, "Province":"Jiangshu"}


# dumps：将python中的 字典 转换为 字符串
str_1 = json.dumps(dict_1)

# loads: 将 字符串 转换为 字典
dict_2 = json.loads(str_1)

# dump: 将数据写入json文件中
with open("./test.json", "w") as f:
    json.dump(dict_1, f,)

# load:把文件打开，并把字符串变换为数据类型
with open("./test.json", "r") as f:
    dict_3 = json.load(f)

Excel

##xlrd模块

文件打开和获取

import xlrd   #导入模块
    data = xlrd.open_workbook('excelFiles.xls')     #打开一个excel
    table = data.sheets()[0]  #通过索引顺序获取
    table = data.sheet_by_index(0)  #通过索引顺序获取
    table = data.sheet_by_name(u'Sheet1')  #通过名称获取

##获取行/列的值
table.row_value(i)
table.col_value(i)
##获取行数/列数
nrows = table.nrows
ncols = table.ncols
##获取单元格值
cell_A1 = table.cell(0,0).value
cell_C4 = table.cell(2,3).value

import xlrd
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(u'test.xls') 
sheet_names = workbook.sheet_names()    #获取列名
for sheet_name in sheet_names:
    sheet2 = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheet_name)  #打印sheet页名称
    print(sheet_name)
    rows = sheet2.row_values(3)   #打印第四行，从0行开始计数
    cols = sheet2.col_values(1)   #打印第二列，从0列开始计数 
    print(rows)       
    print(cols)