ConfigurationClassEnhancer

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-15 00:02:11 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-04-15 00:02:11 发布
阅读量286 收藏
点赞数
CC 4.0 BY-SA版权
版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，转载请附上原文出处链接和本声明。
本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/lightj1996/article/details/107562072
本文详细解析了如何在优快云上发布一篇高质量的技术博客，包括标题、标签和内容的优化策略，旨在帮助作者提高文章的可见性和吸引力。

摘要生成于 C知道 ，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持， 前往体验 >

lightj1996
关注
SpringIOC之ConfigurationClassEnhancer
qq_57756904的博客
12-09 903
总之，ConfigurationClassEnhancer 是 Spring 内部用于处理配置类的增强的重要组件之一，它确保配置类中的 @Bean 方法按照 Spring 的规范工作，以支持应用程序的正确配置和运行。
聊透spring @Configuration配置类
m0_71777195的博客
01-30 2343
本章节我们来探索Spring中一个常用的注解。。那啥是配置类啊，有啥用啊。这个我们得结合实际使用场景来说，通常情况下。加了的配置类内部，都会。为了简化定义，在后续我们称@Bean注解的方法为工厂方法。配置类的奥秘就在这里，Spring会保证多次调用@Bean标注的工厂方法，，这也贯彻了Spring的单例哲学。多次调用创建方法，产生的竟然是同一个对象，这貌似违背了编程的基础原理。怎么可能😱，一定是Spring做了什么，那就跟随着贰师兄的脚步一起解开的神秘面纱吧。
Spring 工具类 ConfigurationClassEnhancer
Details Inside Spring
01-31 2896
概述 Spring中存在这样一个工具类ConfigurationClassEnhancer,它会对应用中每个配置类，也就是一般通过@Configuration注解定义的类进行一个增强。通过增强以后，配置类中使用@Bean注解的bean定义方法就不再是普通的方法了，它们具有了如下跟bean作用域有关的能力，以单例bean为例 ： 1. 它们首次被调用时，相应方法逻辑会被执行用于创建bean实例； 2...
spring ConfigurationClassEnhancer
dezhonger的专栏
07-24 765
类全路径 org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer，它的作用是什么呢？ 引用https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/andy_zhang2007/article/details/86726507的表述： Spring中存在这样一个工具类ConfigurationClassEnhancer,它会对应...
Spring Boot【原理分析】(4)——ConfigurationClassEnhancer
wwmfeng的专栏
01-04 1713
一、简介Configuration class会在ConfigurationClassPostProcessor中将Configuration class进行强化处理。Spring通过CGLIB进行动态代理。核心类ConfigurationClassEnhancer。二、源码private Enhancer newEnhancer(Class<?> superclass, ClassLoader c
Configuration注解类的增强
qq_35359804的博客
03-01 503
在spring中，以AnnotationConfigApplicationContext方式生成类的时候，会用到Configuration注解。在解析完相关注解(类上有Component ComponentScan Import ImportResource ，方法上有bean注解)，生成beandifinition后，会对Configuration注解类进行增强。 ConfigurationC...
异常描述: java.lang.ArrayStoreException: sun.reflect.annotation.TypeNotPresentExceptionProxy java.lang.ArrayStoreException: sun.reflect.annotation.TypeNotPresentExceptionProxy at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseClassArray(AnnotationParser.java:724) at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseArray(AnnotationParser.java:531) at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseMemberValue(AnnotationParser.java:355) at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseAnnotation2(AnnotationParser.java:286) at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations2(AnnotationParser.java:120) at sun.reflect.annotation.AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(AnnotationParser.java:72) at java.lang.reflect.Executable.declaredAnnotations(Executable.java:599) at java.lang.reflect.Executable.declaredAnnotations(Executable.java:597) at java.lang.reflect.Executable.getDeclaredAnnotations(Executable.java:588) at java.lang.reflect.Method.getDeclaredAnnotations(Method.java:630) at org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationsScanner.getDeclaredAnnotations(AnnotationsScanner.java:453) at org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationsScanner.isKnownEmpty(AnnotationsScanner.java:491) at org.springframework.core.annotation.TypeMappedAnnotations.from(TypeMappedAnnotations.java:251) at org.springframework.core.annotation.MergedAnnotations.from(MergedAnnotations.java:351) at org.springframework.core.annotation.MergedAnnotations.from(MergedAnnotations.java:330) at org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotatedElementUtils.findAnnotations(AnnotatedElementUtils.java:800) at org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotatedElementUtils.hasAnnotation(AnnotatedElementUtils.java:541) at org.springframework.context.annotation.BeanAnnotationHelper.isBeanAnnotated(BeanAnnotationHelper.java:41) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.isMatch(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:407) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$ConditionalCallbackFilter.accept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:192) at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Enhancer.emitMethods(Enhancer.java:1217)
03-28
接下来，堆栈涉及Spring框架的部分，比如AnnotationsScanner和ConfigurationClassEnhancer。这说明问题可能出现在Spring处理配置类中的注解时，尤其是在处理@Bean方法的时候。当Spring扫描注解时，如果某个注解引用...
2025-07-15 15:23:26,572 ERROR Startup errors : org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException: Unable to start web server; nested exception is org.springframework.boot.web.server.WebServerException: Unable to start embedded Tomcat at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.onRefresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:163) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:577) at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:145) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:745) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:423) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:307) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1317) at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1306) at com.alibaba.nacos.Nacos.main(Nacos.java:35) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.java:49) at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:108) at org.springframework.boot.loader.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:58) at org.springframework.boot.loader.PropertiesLauncher.main(PropertiesLauncher.java:467) Caused by: org.springframework.boot.web.server.WebServerException: Unable to start embedded Tomcat at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.initialize(TomcatWebServer.java:142) at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.<init>(TomcatWebServer.java:104) at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getTomcatWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:479) at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatServletWebServerFactory.getWebServer(TomcatServletWebServerFactory.java:211) at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.createWebServer(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:182) at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.onRefresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:160) ... 16 common frames omitted Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'distroFilterRegistration' defined in class path resource [com/alibaba/nacos/naming/web/NamingConfig.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean]: Factory method 'distroFilterRegistration' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'distroFilter': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'distroMapper'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'distroMapper' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/package/aitransfer/16K_GPU_A/aizt/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar!/BOOT-INF/lib/nacos-naming-2.2.3.jar!/com/alibaba/nacos/naming/core/DistroMapper.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'serverMemberManager' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/package/aitransfer/16K_GPU_A/aizt/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar!/BOOT-INF/lib/nacos-core-2.2.3.jar!/com/alibaba/nacos/core/cluster/ServerMemberManager.class]: Bean instantiation via constructor failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.alibaba.nacos.core.cluster.ServerMemberManager]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is ErrCode:500, ErrMsg:jmenv.tbsite.net at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:658) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:486) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1352) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1195) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:213) at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializerBeans.getOrderedBeansOfType(ServletContextInitializerBeans.java:212) at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializerBeans.getOrderedBeansOfType(ServletContextInitializerBeans.java:203) at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializerBeans.addServletContextInitializerBeans(ServletContextInitializerBeans.java:97) at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletContextInitializerBeans.<init>(ServletContextInitializerBeans.java:86) at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.getServletContextInitializerBeans(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:260) at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.selfInitialize(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:234) at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatStarter.onStartup(TomcatStarter.java:53) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5211) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1393) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1383) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75) at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:134) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:835) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1393) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1383) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75) at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:134) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:265) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:430) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:930) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Tomcat.start(Tomcat.java:486) at org.springframework.boot.web.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer.initialize(TomcatWebServer.java:123) ... 21 common frames omitted Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean]: Factory method 'distroFilterRegistration' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'distroFilter': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'distroMapper'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'distroMapper' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/package/aitransfer/16K_GPU_A/aizt/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar!/BOOT-INF/lib/nacos-naming-2.2.3.jar!/com/alibaba/nacos/naming/core/DistroMapper.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'serverMemberManager' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/package/aitransfer/16K_GPU_A/aizt/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar!/BOOT-INF/lib/nacos-core-2.2.3.jar!/com/alibaba/nacos/core/cluster/ServerMemberManager.class]: Bean instantiation via constructor failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.alibaba.nacos.core.cluster.ServerMemberManager]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is ErrCode:500, ErrMsg:jmenv.tbsite.net at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:653) ... 61 common frames omitted Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'distroFilter': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'distroMapper'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'distroMapper' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/package/aitransfer/16K_GPU_A/aizt/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar!/BOOT-INF/lib/nacos-naming-2.2.3.jar!/com/alibaba/nacos/naming/core/DistroMapper.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'serverMemberManager' defined in URL [jar:file:/opt/package/aitransfer/16K_GPU_A/aizt/nacos/target/nacos-server.jar!/BOOT-INF/lib/nacos-core-2.2.3.jar!/com/alibaba/nacos/core/cluster/ServerMemberManager.class]: Bean instantiation via constructor failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [com.alibaba.nacos.core.cluster.ServerMemberManager]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is ErrCode:500, ErrMsg:jmenv.tbsite.net at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.resolveFieldValue(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:660) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:640) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:119) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:399) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1431) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:619) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.resolveBeanReference(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:362) 再次分析
最新发布
07-16
我们面对的是Spring Boot应用启动失败的问题，具体表现为： 1. 无法启动嵌入式Tomcat (Unable to start embedded Tomcat) 2. 根本原因是创建'distroFilterRegistration' Bean时失败，进而追溯到'distroMapper'和'...
聊聊Spring配置类(Configuration Class)及代理过程分析
rodbate的博客
01-13 1717
本文主要是聊一聊Spring 5.2引入的针对Configuration Class的优化及目的 前言 自从Spring 3.0 引入@Configuration 这个配置类注解, 那就意味着Spring的XML配置文件的方式已经过去了，迎来了一个注解(java class)的崭新时代。因此Spring后面版本大量使用Configuration Class, 而我们的工作学习中只要涉及到了Spring，这个Configuration Class的大量使用也是不可避免的，所有大家对这个也是非常常见的。看一下@
spring AOP原理分析:静态代理；JDK实现接口动态代理；Cglib继承父类代理；SpringAop的责任链模式调用
奔跑的菜鸡
09-06 669
普通静态代理 代理类和真实类都需要实现同一个接口 接口 package com.fchan.layui.represent.service; /** * 静态代理demo */ public interface Subject { public void print(); } 真实类 package com.fchan.layui.represent.service.impl; import com.fchan.layui.represent.service.Subject; public
Spring源码学习（四） | @Configuration的cglib动态代理
qq_38425803的博客
02-26 2678
文章目录前言例子@Configuration ：full or lite设置 full or liteCglib生成代理类AppConfigWhere is it generated ？？？How to generate ？？？总结 前言         上文分析学习了ConfigurationClassPostProcessor类的执行流程以及作用，本文则着重学习@Configuration这个注解有关的一些知识点。 例子 首
刨析Spring的@Configuration注解属性proxyBeanMethods原理
flyfhj的博客
02-02 3648
Spring框架中有一个出现频次很高的注解@Configuration，特别是在SpringBoot的spring-boot-autoconfigure包中，可以发现每个配置类基本都会加上@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods=false)注解(注：Spring 5.2+)，其中proxyBeanMethods属性起到什么作用呢？今天我们就通过源码探究它的底层原理。
为何加上@Configuration注解的类会生成cglib代理？
我神级欧文的博客
07-07 1888
为何加上@Configuration注解的类会生成cglib代理？
因为不明白Spring-的@Configuration-配置类，我被面试官绝地反杀了
2401_84003839的博客
04-15 666
无论是哪家公司，都很重视高并发高可用的技术，重视基础，重视JVM。面试是一个双向选择的过程，不要抱着畏惧的心态去面试，不利于自己的发挥。同时看中的应该不止薪资，还要看你是不是真的喜欢这家公司，是不是能真的得到锻炼。其实我写了这么多，只是我自己的总结，并不一定适用于所有人，相信经过一些面试，大家都会有这些感触。最后我整理了一些面试真题资料，技术知识点剖析教程，还有和广大同仁一起交流学习共同进步，还有一些职业经验的分享。
@Configuration注解 -【Spring底层原理】
2401_84048225的博客
04-03 768
手绘了下图所示的kafka知识大纲流程图（xmind文件不能上传，导出图片展现），但都可提供源文件给每位爱学习的朋友《一线大厂Java面试题解析+核心总结学习笔记+最新讲解视频+实战项目源码》点击传送门即可获取！[外链图片转存中…(img-U70mhMct-1712091208826)][外链图片转存中…(img-mnUw2pD0-1712091208827)][外链图片转存中…(img-L33yoF33-1712091208827)]
面试-spring-各种bean实例化过程
weixin_37862824的博客
04-08 2127
1、Cglib有多种实例化对象的方式，一个是通过反射拿到构造方法，创建实例，第二个是通过Cglib创建代理对象 下面通过几个我们开发中接触比较多的例子，讲述下bean的实例化过程 一、带有@Configuration注解类实例化 Spring在实例化带了@Configuration注解类，会通过Cglib来给类创建代理对象。下面是核心代码逻辑 ConfigurationClassEnhancer enhancer = new ConfigurationClassEnhancer(); Class<?&
【Spring注解必知必会】深度解析@Configuration注解
m0_71777195的博客
08-20 3181
最近在看源码的时候，发现很多源码中写着，引起了我的好奇，为啥这么写， 这个proxyBeanMethods属性是干嘛的？和@Component注解有什么区别呢？注解可以加在类上，让这个类的功能等同于一个bean xml配置文件，可以在这个类中管理创建Bean。@Component}复制代码value: 自定义当前组件或者说bean的名称，实际就是@Component的value属性。proxyBeanMethods： 判断是否bean的方法应该被代理，默认是true，后面原理解析中重点分析。
【Spring源代码阅读之七】执行postProcessBeanFactory方法对@Configuration配置类的@Bean方法进行CGLIB代理增强
weixin_42997554的博客
02-29 1086
执行ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanFactory方法对@Configuration配置类的@Bean方法进行CGLIB代理增强导图在哪调用到这里的ConfigurationClassPostProcessor#postProcessBeanFactoryenhanceConfigurationClassesConfigurationC...
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

个

红包个数最小为10个

元

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43元 前往充值 >
需支付：10.00元
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付元
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明：

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币，按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载，可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值