centos6.4下scikit-learn安装经历

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本文提供了一套详细的Scikit-learn安装流程，包括必要软件包的安装、配置pip、更新NumPy和SciPy等依赖项，以及最终安装Scikit-learn的方法。

1、安装必要的包
yum install lapack lapack-devel blas blas-devel
yum install numpy
yum install scipy

如果没有安装gcc，要先安装gcc 和g++
yum install gcc
yum install gcc-c++

如果不安装lapack lapack-devel blas blas-devel 会报错（截取一部分）：

lapack_opt_info:
openblas_lapack_info:
    libraries openblas not found in ['/usr/local/lib64', '/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib64', '/usr/lib']
    NOT AVAILABLE
lapack_mkl_info:
mkl_info:
    libraries mkl,vml,guide not found in ['/usr/local/lib64', '/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib64', '/usr/lib']
    NOT AVAILABLE

warnings.warn(AtlasNotFoundError.__doc__)
lapack_info:
    libraries lapack not found in ['/usr/local/lib64', '/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib64', '/usr/lib']
    NOT AVAILABLE
...
...
numpy.distutils.system_info.NotFoundError: no lapack/blas resources found

2、安装pip

下载pip
https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing/
yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
python get-pip.py

或者

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python get-pip.py
[root@test77 ~]# pip -V
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages (python 2.6)

[root@testserver4 ~]# python get-pip.py
Collecting pip
Downloading pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.1MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.1MB 350kB/s
Collecting wheel
Downloading wheel-0.26.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (63kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 65kB 5.0MB/s
Collecting argparse (from wheel)
Downloading argparse-1.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: pip, argparse, wheel
Successfully installed argparse-1.4.0 pip-7.1.2 wheel-0.26.0
/tmp/tmpcBdh5G/pip.zip/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:90:
InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available.
This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail.
For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.

输入pip命令如果能看到pip的介绍信息，那么证明安装成功了。

3、更新pip
pip install --upgrade pip

Scikit-learn要求
Scikit-learn requires:
    Python (>= 2.6 or >= 3.3),
    NumPy (>= 1.6.1),
    SciPy (>= 0.9).

4、升级numPy和scipy
pip install -U numPy
pip install -U scipy

5、安装sk-learn
pip install -U scikit-learn

提示安装成功，那就可以开始scikit-learn之旅

基本上按照以上步骤都能安装好。

扩展：
指定版本安装
pip install scipy==0.16.1

python下如何安装.whl包?
pip install wheel
python下如何安装.whl包
之后pip install 包名字.whl 即可安装某模块包

参考：
http://www.centoscn.com/image-text/install/2014/0403/2715.html
http://scikit-learn.org/stable/install.html
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/lingfeng892/article/details/50425547
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7496547/does-python-scipy-need-blas/9173550#9173550