Mongodb的基本使用

江湖有缘

已于 2023-09-14 18:10:39 修改

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分类专栏： Mongodb 文章标签： mongodb nosql 数据库

于 2022-01-24 21:54:04 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/jks212454/article/details/122667611

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Mongodb的基本使用

一、进入mongodb数据库
二、mongodb的基本操作
三、mongdb内的基本操作
四、数据库的增删改查
五、数据的增删查改

一、进入mongodb数据库

[root@node-3 ~]# mongo
MongoDB shell version v5.0.5
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?compressors=disabled&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("c5000143-da5e-48fe-9fe3-a0cd8765abb6") }
MongoDB server version: 5.0.5
================
Warning: the "mongo" shell has been superseded by "mongosh",
which delivers improved usability and compatibility.The "mongo" shell has been deprecated and will be removed in
an upcoming release.
For installation instructions, see
https://docs.mongodb.com/mongodb-shell/install/
================
rs0:PRIMARY>

二、mongodb的基本操作

1.查看mongodb的版本

[root@node-3 ~]# mongo --version
MongoDB shell version v5.0.5
Build Info: {
    "version": "5.0.5",
    "gitVersion": "d65fd89df3fc039b5c55933c0f71d647a54510ae",
    "openSSLVersion": "OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013",
    "modules": [],
    "allocator": "tcmalloc",
    "environment": {
        "distmod": "rhel70",
        "distarch": "x86_64",
        "target_arch": "x86_64"
    }
}

2.远程客户端连接

[root@node-4 ~]# mongo --host 192.168.3.13 -u root -p redhat 
MongoDB shell version v5.0.5
connecting to: mongodb://192.168.3.13:27017/?compressors=disabled&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("32846f84-f393-47ce-bbdb-a9801f7a3f44") }
MongoDB server version: 5.0.5
================
Warning: the "mongo" shell has been superseded by "mongosh",
which delivers improved usability and compatibility.The "mongo" shell has been deprecated and will be removed in
an upcoming release.
For installation instructions, see
https://docs.mongodb.com/mongodb-shell/install/
================
---
The server generated these startup warnings when booting: 
        2022-01-24T14:34:53.592+08:00: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'. We suggest setting it to 'never'
        2022-01-24T14:34:53.592+08:00: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'. We suggest setting it to 'never'
---
---
        Enable MongoDB's free cloud-based monitoring service, which will then receive and display
        metrics about your deployment (disk utilization, CPU, operation statistics, etc).

        The monitoring data will be available on a MongoDB website with a unique URL accessible to you
        and anyone you share the URL with. MongoDB may use this information to make product
        improvements and to suggest MongoDB products and deployment options to you.

        To enable free monitoring, run the following command: db.enableFreeMonitoring()
        To permanently disable this reminder, run the following command: db.disableFreeMonitoring()
---
rs0:PRIMARY>

3.退出数据库

rs0:PRIMARY> quit()

4.停止mongodb数据库

systemctl stop mongodb

5.设置mongodb开机自启

 systemctl enable --now mongod

三、mongdb内的基本操作

1.查询版本

rs0:PRIMARY> db.version()
5.0.5

2.查看服务器状态

rs0:PRIMARY> db.serverStatus()
{
	"ok" : 0,
	"errmsg" : "command serverStatus requires authentication",
	"code" : 13,
	"codeName" : "Unauthorized",
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1643009776, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"HPBEnEKbxKOF+63qcIDXa33Ex5E="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("7055349082151190532")
		}
	},
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1643009776, 1)
}
rs0:PRIMARY>

3.查看数据库环境信息

rs0:PRIMARY> db.serverBuildInfo()
{
	"version" : "5.0.5",
	"gitVersion" : "d65fd89df3fc039b5c55933c0f71d647a54510ae",
	"modules" : [ ],
	"allocator" : "tcmalloc",
	"javascriptEngine" : "mozjs",
	"sysInfo" : "deprecated",
	"versionArray" : [
		5,
		0,
		5,
		0
	],
	"openssl" : {
		"running" : "OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013",
		"compiled" : "OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013"
	},
	"buildEnvironment" : {
		"distmod" : "rhel70",
		"distarch" : "x86_64",
		"cc" : "/opt/mongodbtoolchain/v3/bin/gcc: gcc (GCC) 8.5.0",
		"ccflags" : "-Werror -include mongo/platform/basic.h -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -ggdb -Wall -Wsign-compare -Wno-unknown-pragmas -Winvalid-pch -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -O2 -march=sandybridge -mtune=generic -mprefer-vector-width=128 -Wno-unused-local-typedefs -Wno-unused-function -Wno-deprecated-declarations -Wno-unused-const-variable -Wno-unused-but-set-variable -Wno-missing-braces -fstack-protector-strong -Wa,--nocompress-debug-sections -fno-builtin-memcmp",
		"cxx" : "/opt/mongodbtoolchain/v3/bin/g++: g++ (GCC) 8.5.0",
		"cxxflags" : "-Woverloaded-virtual -Wno-maybe-uninitialized -fsized-deallocation -std=c++17",
		"linkflags" : "-Wl,--fatal-warnings -pthread -Wl,-z,now -fuse-ld=gold -fstack-protector-strong -Wl,--no-threads -Wl,--build-id -Wl,--hash-style=gnu -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Wl,--warn-execstack -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,--compress-debug-sections=none -Wl,-z,origin -Wl,--enable-new-dtags",
		"target_arch" : "x86_64",
		"target_os" : "linux",
		"cppdefines" : "SAFEINT_USE_INTRINSICS 0 PCRE_STATIC NDEBUG _XOPEN_SOURCE 700 _GNU_SOURCE _FORTIFY_SOURCE 2 BOOST_THREAD_VERSION 5 BOOST_THREAD_USES_DATETIME BOOST_SYSTEM_NO_DEPRECATED BOOST_MATH_NO_LONG_DOUBLE_MATH_FUNCTIONS BOOST_ENABLE_ASSERT_DEBUG_HANDLER BOOST_LOG_NO_SHORTHAND_NAMES BOOST_LOG_USE_NATIVE_SYSLOG BOOST_LOG_WITHOUT_THREAD_ATTR ABSL_FORCE_ALIGNED_ACCESS"
	},
	"bits" : 64,
	"debug" : false,
	"maxBsonObjectSize" : 16777216,
	"storageEngines" : [
		"devnull",
		"ephemeralForTest",
		"wiredTiger"
	],
	"ok" : 1,
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1643009896, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"+ocBhFmzeAmQKSZycIjaX7V5DnY="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("7055349082151190532")
		}
	},
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1643009896, 1)
}

四、数据库的增删改查

1.进入到某个数据库

rs0:PRIMARY> use admin
switched to db admin

2.查——查看数据库的库和表

①查看所有数据库

查看当前所有数据库列表

rs0:PRIMARY> show dbs
admin   0.000GB
config  0.000GB
huawei  0.000GB
local   0.001GB

②.查看数据库内所有集合

查看数据库内所有集合

rs0:PRIMARY> show tables
class
student

③查看某个集合数据

查看class集合内的所有文档数据

rs0:PRIMARY> db.class.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("61e9791e0e4afa869cc30dd6"), "type" : "televison", "price" : "3999", "xinghao" : "huawei", "desc" : "xxx" }
rs0:PRIMARY>

3.增——新建数据库和集合

①新建数据库

rs0:PRIMARY> use redhat
switched to db redhat

②新建集合

rs0:PRIMARY> db.createCollection("class")
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1643023713, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"7SNRK8H9v7OkxWIPp1zPMMMpgMc="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("7055349082151190532")
		}
	},
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1643023713, 1)
}

4.删——删除集合、数据库、文档

①删除集合

> db.teacher.drop()
true
> show tables;
class
student
>

②删除数据库

> use huawei;
switched to db huawei
> show tables;
class
> db.dropDatabase();
{ "ok" : 1 }
> show dbs;
admin   0.000GB
config  0.000GB
local   0.000GB

③删除文档

db.class.remove({"type":"televison"})

五、数据的增删查改

1.查——数据的查询

①某个集合内所有文档数据

查看class集合内所有文档数据

rs0:PRIMARY> db.class.find({"type":"televison"})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("61e9791e0e4afa869cc30dd6"), "type" : "televison", "price" : "3999", "xinghao" : "huawei", "desc" : "xxx" }
rs0:PRIMARY>

②根据条件查找数据

s0:PRIMARY> db.class.find({"type":"televison"})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("61e9791e0e4afa869cc30dd6"), "type" : "televison", "price" : "3999", "xinghao" : "huawei", "desc" : "xxx" }
rs0:PRIMARY>

③以固定格式显示查找结果

rs0:PRIMARY> db.class.find().pretty()
{
	"_id" : ObjectId("61e9791e0e4afa869cc30dd6"),
	"type" : "televison",
	"price" : "3999",
	"xinghao" : "huawei",
	"desc" : "xxx"
}
{
	"_id" : ObjectId("61eea145a3d5c6b913b29beb"),
	"name" : "natasha",
	"age" : "18",
	"genden" : "female"
}
rs0:PRIMARY>

2.增——新建数据

 db.class.insert({ "name": "natasha", "age": "18", "genden": "female" });

3.改——修改数据

①更新数据

db.class.update({"type" : "phone"},{$set:{ "type": "televison"}})

②save()方法——新文档替换旧文档

> db.class.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("61e978a80e4afa869cc30dd5"), "name" : "natasha", "age" : "18", "genden" : "female" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("61e9791e0e4afa869cc30dd6"), "type" : "televison", "price" : "3999", "xinghao" : "huawei", "desc" : "xxx" }

将新文档替换ID为"61e978a80e4afa869cc30dd5"

db.class.save({
    "_id" : ObjectId("61e978a80e4afa869cc30dd5"),
    "title" : "MongoDB",
    "description" : "MongoDB 是一个 Nosql 数据库",
    "by" : "Runoob",
    "url" : "http://www.runoob.com",
    "tags" : [
            "mongodb",
            "NoSQL"
    ],
    "likes" : 110
})

> db.class.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("61e978a80e4afa869cc30dd5"), "title" : "MongoDB", "description" : "MongoDB 是一个 Nosql 数据库", "by" : "Runoob", "url" : "http://www.runoob.com", "tags" : [ "mongodb", "NoSQL" ], "likes" : 110 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("61e9791e0e4afa869cc30dd6"), "type" : "televison", "price" : "3999", "xinghao" : "huawei", "desc" : "xxx" }
>

4.删除数据

> db.class.remove({"likes" : 110}, {justone: true})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 1 })
> db.class.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("61e9791e0e4afa869cc30dd6"), "type" : "televison", "price" : "3999", "xinghao" : "huawei", "desc" : "xxx" }
>