undefined reference to `__assert_fail'

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#reference #function #library #编译器 #build #服务器

本文记录了一次在编译DD-WRT时遇到的链接错误，详细解释了错误产生的原因及解决过程。通过调整编译环境，避免了不同库间的冲突。

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今天同事问了我一个关于DD-WRT编译的问题，在link里面一个工具的时候出现了下面的错误：

[root@localhost dhcpforwarder]# mipsel-linux-uclibc-gcc -o dhcpfwd -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -Wl,--gc-sections src/parser.o src/main.o src/cfg.o src/recvfromflags.o src/output.o

/home/ipdslam_users/yzeng/dd-wrt/toolchains/4.1.0-uclibc-0.9.28/bin/../lib/gcc/mipsel-linux-uclibc/4.1.0/../../../../mipsel-linux-uclibc/bin/ld: BFD 2.16.1 assertion fail /home/openwrt/trunk/openwrt/toolchain_build_mipsel/binutils-2.16.1/bfd/elfxx-mips.c:2562

src/main.o: In function `execRelay':

main.c:(.text+0x590): undefined reference to `__assert_fail'

main.c:(.text+0x690): undefined reference to `__assert_fail'

src/main.o: In function `determineMaxMTU':

main.c:(.text+0x914): undefined reference to `__assert_fail'

main.c:(.text+0x970): undefined reference to `__assert_fail'

src/main.o: In function `fillFDSet':

main.c:(.text+0xb4c): undefined reference to `__assert_fail'

src/main.o:main.c:(.text+0xbd4): more undefined references to `__assert_fail' follow

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

我在

http://lists.busybox.net/pipermail/uclibc/2002-February/002657.html

上看到了这样一些描述：

On Sun Feb 17, 2002 at 10:49:59PM -0600, Alberto Alonso wrote:
> When trying to compile a program that uses the
> microwindows library I get the following error:
>
> nxproto.o(.text+0x13f): undefined reference to `__assert_fail'
> nxproto.o(.text+0x169): undefined reference to `__assert_fail'
>
> After doing some grepping I did see an assert function
> Could I use that one instead?

I think you must be mixing code compiled with glibc with code
compiled with uClibc, since glibc defines __assert_fail in
include/assert.h and #defines assert to call that, while uClibc
does not use or define __assert_fail at all... Check that you
are not mixing libraries compiled with glibc with code compiled
with uClibc....

-Erik

尝试清除了src/parser.o src/main.o src/cfg.o src/recvfromflags.o src/output.o这几个目标文件再去编译，发现链接成功了。

最后我们发现，在该主机上装了一个MontaVista 3.1 Pro的环境，而且PATH和CROSS_COMPILE这2个环境，默认都指向了MV，所以开始的时候的确有一部分是用MV的交叉编译器来编译的，后面修改过环境变量。因为MV里用的是Glibc的环境，所以就有了上面的错误。

我觉得我们在写一个编译脚本的时候，最好能够清除默认的一些环境变量，将本代码需要的环境导出。这样就不会因为在一台服务器上安装了太多的环境导致混乱。