架构：第四章：微服务架构下的分布式架构之搭建环境

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-03-27 02:02:42 发布 6.7k 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

基于Docker+Kubernetes，微服务容器化开发实战前言 微服务和Docker容器技术是目前分布式架构中常用的主流技术，结合Kubemetes强大的容器服务编排与调度能力，中小企业能够简单快速地构建自己的分布式互联网架构系统。本篇文章结合实际生产项目的架构重构过程和经验，详细介绍从单体架构过渡到微服务容器化的分布式架构的各方面，主要包括**微服务开发和运维技术梭的选型、Spring Cloud微服务开发、Rancher和Kubemetes生产离线环境下的安装与部署、微服务的容器化与服务编排、日志调用链的采集和展示、基于 Prometheu 的系统监控，以及微阅读详情

下面是我要写的一个简单的分布式架构：SpringCloud+SpringBoot+SpringMVC+MyBatis+MySQL

架构图：

准备工作：

技术选型：

使用SpringMVC进行表述层开发

使用MyBatis进行持久化层开发

使用Spring进行组件整合并管理声明式事务

使用Maven作为依赖管理和构建管理工具

使用BootStrap前端样式框架生成页面效果

使用MD5加密算法对用户密码进行加密

使用SpringMVC异常映射机制进行了异常信息的统一管理

使用MyBatis的PageHelper实现持久化层分页

使用jQuery的Pagination插件在页面上显示分页页码

使用BootStrap的模态框组件显示弹层窗口显示表格或表单等等

使用layer弹层组件显示提示消息

使用jQuery的on()函数给动态生成的元素绑定事件响应函数

使用zTree框架在页面上显示Permission数据的树形结构

通过在数据库中维护父节点id实现Permission数据的树形结构

通过动态查询每个用户已分配的许可菜单实现细粒度权限控制

使用SpringBoot开发各个具体业务模块的微服务工程

使用SpringCloud的Eureka服务作为微服务的注册中心

使用SpringCloud的Feign封装微服务信息，目的是实现像调用本地方法一样调用远程方法

使用RestTemplate将二进制文件数据上传到Provider

使用RestTemplate将二进制文件数据下载到Consumer

使用Activiti作为流程管理框架实现实名认证流程

使用FastDFS作为用户上传文件的远程分布式文件服务器

使用James邮件服务器发送邮件

使用PostMan对Provider提供的服务进行了测试

使用Freemarker作为SpringBoot环境下的视图技术

创建各个项目工程：

创建父工程：CrowdFundingParent

创建子工程：ConsumerPortal

创建子工程：ConsumerManager

其他工程都这样创建

子工程的packaging都是jar,所以可以直接finish

在CrowdFundingParent父工程的pom.xml中创建依赖管理和构建管理

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com</groupId>
  <artifactId>CrowdFundingParent</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>
  
  	<modules>
		<module>RegisterCenterEureka</module>
		<module>CommonBean</module>
		<module>CommonUtil</module>
		<module>CommonFeign</module>
		<module>ProviderDatabase</module>
		<module>ProviderActiviti</module>
		<module>ConsumerPortal</module>
		<module>ConsumerManager</module>
	</modules>
  
 	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
		<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
		<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
		<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
	</properties>
	
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.csource</groupId>
				<artifactId>fastdfs-client-java</artifactId>
				<version>1.27-SNAPSHOT</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>1.5.12.RELEASE</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>mysql</groupId>
				<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
				<version>5.0.4</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
				<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
				<version>1.0.31</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
				<version>1.3.0</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
				<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
				<version>1.2.3</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>junit</groupId>
				<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
				<version>${junit.version}</version>
				<scope>test</scope>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>log4j</groupId>
				<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
				<version>${log4j.version}</version>
			</dependency>
			<!-- Activiti场景启动器 -->
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.activiti</groupId>
				<artifactId>activiti-spring-boot-starter-basic</artifactId>
				<version>5.21.0</version>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

</project>

在ConsumerPortal子工程的pom.xml中创建依赖管理和构建管理

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com</groupId>
    <artifactId>CrowdFundingParent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>ConsumerPortal</artifactId>
  
  	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.csource</groupId>
			<artifactId>fastdfs-client-java</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonBean</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonFeign</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonUtil</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

jar包出错

网上解决方案如果还有问题可能是maven环境配置有问题,或者是父工程没有加版本号

在ConsumerManager子工程的pom.xml中创建依赖管理和构建管理

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com</groupId>
    <artifactId>CrowdFundingParent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>ConsumerManager</artifactId>
  
  	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
        </dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonBean</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonFeign</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonUtil</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>
</project>

在ProviderActiviti子工程的pom.xml中创建依赖管理和构建管理

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com</groupId>
    <artifactId>CrowdFundingParent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>ProviderActiviti</artifactId>
  	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- eureka-server客户端 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonBean</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonFeign</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonUtil</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- Activiti场景启动器 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.activiti</groupId>
			<artifactId>activiti-spring-boot-starter-basic</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

在ProviderDatabase子工程的pom.xml中创建依赖管理和构建管理

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com</groupId>
    <artifactId>CrowdFundingParent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>ProviderDatabase</artifactId>
  	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
		<!-- eureka-server客户端 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonBean</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonFeign</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonUtil</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

在RegisterCenterEureka子工程的pom.xml中创建依赖管理和构建管理

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com</groupId>
    <artifactId>CrowdFundingParent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>RegisterCenterEureka</artifactId>
  	<dependencies>
		<!-- eureka-server服务端 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

在CommonFeign子工程的pom.xml中创建依赖管理和构建管理

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com</groupId>
    <artifactId>CrowdFundingParent</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>CommonFeign</artifactId>
  	<dependencies>
		<!-- Feign的场景启动器 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com</groupId>
			<artifactId>CommonBean</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

其他工程无依赖管理和构建管理，后期如果需要在加即可

创建各工程主启动类

RegisterCenterEureka

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication

ProviderDatabase

@EnableEurekaClient
@MapperScan("com.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication

ProviderActiviti

@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication

ConsumerPortal

@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication

ConsumerManager

@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication

例图：

创建各工程yml文件

RegisterCenterEureka

server:
  port: 84
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    fetch-registry: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:84/eureka

ProviderDatabase

server:
  port: 83
mybatis:
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml
  mapper-locations:
  - classpath:mybatis/mapper/*Mapper.xml
  
spring:
  application:
    name: ProviderDatabase
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/atcrowdfunding?rewriteBatchedStatements=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    username: root
    password: root
    dbcp2:
      min-idle: 5
      initial-size: 5
      max-total: 5
      max-wait-millis: 200
      
eureka: 
  client: 
    service-url: 
      defaultZone: http://localhost:84/eureka

创建mybatis目录

创建mybatis.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>

    <settings>
        <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true" />
    </settings>

</configuration>

ProviderActiviti

server:
  port: 82
  
spring:
  application:
    name: ProviderActiviti
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/atcrowdfunding?rewriteBatchedStatements=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    username: root
    password: root
    dbcp2:
      min-idle: 5
      initial-size: 5
      max-total: 5
      max-wait-millis: 200
      
eureka: 
  client: 
    service-url: 
      defaultZone: http://localhost:84/eureka

ConsumerPortal

server:
  port: 80
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:84/eureka
spring:
  freemarker:
    template-loader-path: classpath:/templates/
    suffix: .page
crowdfunding.tracker.config.location: classpath:/tracker.conf

创建templates目录

创建tracker.conf

tracker_server=192.168.0.100:22122

ConsumerManager

server:
  port: 81
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:84/eureka
spring:
  freemarker:
    template-loader-path: classpath:/templates/
    suffix: .page

创建templates目录

现在写一个首页显示功能测试一下

显示首页：使用Freemarker作为SpringBoot环境下的视图技术,创建一个index.page，将前端页面摸板的index.html复制j进去

修改页面

修改后

在路径前加/表示在类路径下

修改后

添加静态资源

将下面的复制

在类路径下创建static文件夹,存放静态资源的文件目录必须是static

创建ProtalHandler.java

@Controller
public class PortalHandler {

    @RequestMapping("/main")
    public String toIndexPage() {
        return "index";
    }
}

启动工程

先启动注册中心RegisterCenterEureka

再启动子项目ConsumerPortal

在浏览器中http://localhost:80/main默认是80端口，所以也可以直接http://localhost/main

运行的项目yml配置为80所以浏览器使用的端口为80

这个时候页面就出来了。

数据库中创建库和表

CREATE DATABASE atcrowdfunding;
USE atcrowdfunding;
CREATE TABLE `t_member` (
  `member_id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `login_acc` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `login_pwd` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `nick_name` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `real_name` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `card_num` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `phone_num` VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `email_addr` VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  `auth_status` TINYINT(4) DEFAULT NULL,
  `acc_type` TINYINT(4) DEFAULT NULL,
  `company` TINYINT(4) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`member_id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

注意：这里只是简单的搭建，要准备的工作就在这，这里把我自己初始的项目分享出来CrowdFundingParent，子工程可以从父工程中导出来。

大家可以用最初的搭建好的项目进行功能编写。

我编写了部分功能：门户：登录与注册，登录后实名认证流程，管理：业务审核中的实名认证审核，业务管理中的流程管理

完成的项目分享CrowdFundingParent。有时间再编写其他功能。

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