个人总结的监听第三方应用启动的方法有以下几种:
1.Root状态下Shell监听ActivityManager的log,或者ps进程
2.参考程序锁的实现,监听后台运行的进程
3.深入framework,通过反射等方式注入hook
第一种方式监听应用的启动,restart都能监控到,不过这种方式限制很大,在最新的android版本中,再加上各手机厂商对于安全性的努力,使得Root变的很困难。
第二种方式采用不断轮询的方式检查后台进程,个人以为这样非常的耗费性能,时间间隔长的话实时性又无法保证。所以最佳的方式还是采用监听的方式,向ActivityManagerService中设置一个监听,用户启动应用都会通知。
第三种方案看起来是最佳方案,不过它需要系统权限,实现类似monkey的功能,setActivityController这个方法设置IActivityController接口。
package android.app;
import android.content.Intent;
/**
* Testing interface to monitor what is happening in the activity manager
* while tests are running. Not for normal application development.
* {@hide}
*/
interface IActivityController
{
/**
* The system is trying to start an activity. Return true to allow
* it to be started as normal, or false to cancel/reject this activity.
*/
boolean activityStarting(in Intent intent, String pkg);
/**
* The system is trying to return to an activity. Return true to allow
* it to be resumed as normal, or false to cancel/reject this activity.
*/
boolean activityResuming(String pkg);
/**
* An application process has crashed (in Java). Return true for the
* normal error recovery (app crash dialog) to occur, false to kill
* it immediately.
*/
boolean appCrashed(String processName, int pid,
String shortMsg, String longMsg,
long timeMillis, String stackTrace);
/**
* Early call as soon as an ANR is detected.
*/
int appEarlyNotResponding(String processName, int pid, String annotation);
/**
* An application process is not responding. Return 0 to show the "app
* not responding" dialog, 1 to continue waiting, or -1 to kill it
* immediately.
*/
int appNotResponding(String processName, int pid, String processStats);
/**
* The system process watchdog has detected that the system seems to be
* hung. Return 1 to continue waiting, or -1 to let it continue with its
* normal kill.
*/
int systemNotResponding(String msg);
}
IActivityController.aidl的接口可以很容易监听每个process。
综上,普通APP开发,在没有root和系统权限的支持下,就只能老老实实的用第二种方案了,但是。。。Android 5.0之后对于ActivityManager获取的RunningTask,RunningProcess,RunningServiceInfo等又有了诸多限制。
既然Android 5.0之后ActivityManager获取的信息稀少了,我们不如换一种思路,不再依赖ActivityManager,转而去分析根目录下额proc目录,这个proc目录是干什么的?
/proc是一个虚拟文件系统,其下面的文件不是真实存在的,不占用实际存储空间。
/proc/cmdline:显示内核启动的命令行。
/proc/cpuinfo:显示系统cpu的信息。
/proc/filesystems,显示当前注册了的文件系统列表,nodev表示为虚拟文件系统。
/proc/interrupts:显示当前系统的中断信息.
/proc/ioports:被占用的输入/输出地址范围列表。
/proc/kmsg:输出内核消息日志。
/proc/loadavg:监控cpu平均负载,其数值为所有核上cpu占用的累加值,前三个分别表示最近1、5、15分钟的平均负载,第四个表示当前运行进程数和进程总数,最后一个表示最近运行的进程id。
/proc/locks:打开文件上的加锁信息。
/proc/meminfo:显示物理及虚拟内存使用情况。
/proc/misc:内核函数misc_register登记的设备驱动程序。
/proc/modules:加载的内核模块列表。
Proc/mounts:当前系统所安装的文件系统信息(包括手动安装的)。
/proc/stat:系统简要信息。
/proc/uptime:分别表示系统启动时间和系统空闲时间。
/proc/version:系统内核版本。
/proc/net:其实际挂载点是/proc/self/net,能够显示当前各种网络情况,例如通过tcp文件可以查看tcp连接数及连接情况。
/proc/sys 报告各种不同的内核参数,某些参数能在root的情况下进行修改。
/Proc/devices 当前挂载的所有软硬件设备(字符设备和块设备),包括主设备号和设备名称。
/proc/asound:声卡相关的信息。
/proc/buddyinfo:每个内存区中每个order有多少块可用,和内存碎片问题有关。
/proc/bus:输入设备信息。
/proc/cgroups:查看cgroups子系统信息。
/proc/diskstats:用于显示磁盘、分区和统计信息。
/proc/execdomains:安全相关的信息。
/proc/fb:帧缓冲设备信息。
/proc/iomem:记录物理地址的分配情况。
/proc/kallsyms:内核符号表信息。
/proc/pagetypeinfo:内存分页信息。
/proc/partitions:分区信息
/proc/sched_debug:cpu调度信息。
/proc/softirqs:软中断情况。
/proc/vmallocinfo:vmalloc内存分配信息。
/proc/vmstat:统计虚拟内存信息。
/proc/pid:显示进城相关的所有信息。
/*
* Copyright (C) 2015. Jared Rummler <jared.rummler@gmail.com>
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
*/
package com.jaredrummler.android.processes.models;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Parcel;
import java.io.IOException;
public class AndroidAppProcess extends AndroidProcess {
/** {@code true} if the process is in the foreground */
public boolean foreground;
/** The user id of this process. */
public int uid;
private final Cgroup cgroup;
public AndroidAppProcess(int pid) throws IOException, NotAndroidAppProcessException {
super(pid);
cgroup = super.cgroup();
ControlGroup cpuacct = cgroup.getGroup("cpuacct");
ControlGroup cpu = cgroup.getGroup("cpu");
if (cpu == null || cpuacct == null || !cpuacct.group.contains("pid_")) {
throw new NotAndroidAppProcessException(pid);
}
foreground = !cpu.group.contains("bg_non_interactive");
try {
uid = Integer.parseInt(cpuacct.group.split("/")[1].replace("uid_", ""));
} catch (Exception e) {
uid = status().getUid();
}
}
/**
* @return the app's package name
* @see #name
*/
public String getPackageName() {
return name.split(":")[0];
}
/**
* Retrieve overall information about the application package.
*
* <p>Throws {@link PackageManager.NameNotFoundException} if a package with the given name can
* not be found on the system.</p>
*
* @param context
* the application context
* @param flags
* Additional option flags. Use any combination of
* {@link PackageManager#GET_ACTIVITIES}, {@link PackageManager#GET_GIDS},
* {@link PackageManager#GET_CONFIGURATIONS}, {@link PackageManager#GET_INSTRUMENTATION},
* {@link PackageManager#GET_PERMISSIONS}, {@link PackageManager#GET_PROVIDERS},
* {@link PackageManager#GET_RECEIVERS}, {@link PackageManager#GET_SERVICES},
* {@link PackageManager#GET_SIGNATURES}, {@link PackageManager#GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES}
* to modify the data returned.
* @return a PackageInfo object containing information about the package.
*/
public PackageInfo getPackageInfo(Context context, int flags)
throws PackageManager.NameNotFoundException {
return context.getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(getPackageName(), flags);
}
@Override public Cgroup cgroup() {
return cgroup;
}
@Override public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
super.writeToParcel(dest, flags);
dest.writeParcelable(cgroup, flags);
dest.writeByte((byte) (foreground ? 0x01 : 0x00));
}
protected AndroidAppProcess(Parcel in) {
super(in);
cgroup = in.readParcelable(Cgroup.class.getClassLoader());
foreground = in.readByte() != 0x00;
}
public static final Creator<AndroidAppProcess> CREATOR = new Creator<AndroidAppProcess>() {
@Override public AndroidAppProcess createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
return new AndroidAppProcess(source);
}
@Override public AndroidAppProcess[] newArray(int size) {
return new AndroidAppProcess[size];
}
};
public static final class NotAndroidAppProcessException extends Exception {
public NotAndroidAppProcessException(int pid) {
super(String.format("The process %d does not belong to any application", pid));
}
}
}
AndroidAppProcess根据proc信息解析出forceground、uid、packageName等信息,我们再看看基类AndroidProcess
/*
* Copyright (C) 2015. Jared Rummler <jared.rummler@gmail.com>
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
*/
package com.jaredrummler.android.processes.models;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import java.io.IOException;
public class AndroidProcess implements Parcelable {
/**
* Get the name of a running process.
*
* @param pid
* the process id.
* @return the name of the process.
* @throws IOException
* if the file does not exist or we don't have read permissions.
*/
static String getProcessName(int pid) throws IOException {
String cmdline = null;
try {
cmdline = ProcFile.readFile(String.format("/proc/%d/cmdline", pid)).trim();
} catch (IOException ignored) {
}
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(cmdline) || "null".equals(cmdline)) {
return Stat.get(pid).getComm();
}
return cmdline;
}
/** the process name */
public final String name;
/** the process id */
public final int pid;
/**
* AndroidProcess constructor
*
* @param pid
* the process id
* @throws IOException
* if /proc/[pid] does not exist or we don't have read access.
*/
public AndroidProcess(int pid) throws IOException {
this.pid = pid;
this.name = getProcessName(pid);
}
/**
* Read the contents of a file in /proc/[pid]/[filename].
*
* @param filename
* the relative path to the file.
* @return the contents of the file.
* @throws IOException
* if the file does not exist or we don't have read permissions.
*/
public String read(String filename) throws IOException {
return ProcFile.readFile(String.format("/proc/%d/%s", pid, filename));
}
/**
* @return the contents of /proc/[pid]/attr/current
* @throws IOException
* if the file does not exist or we don't have read permissions.
*/
public String attr_current() throws IOException {
return read("attr/current");
}
/**
* <p>/proc/[pid]/cmdline</p>
*
* <p>This read-only file holds the complete command line for the process, unless the process is
* a zombie. In the latter case, there is nothing in this file: that is, a read on this file will
* return 0 characters. The command-line arguments appear in this file as a set of strings
* separated by null bytes ('\0'), with a further null byte after the last string.</p>
*
* @return the name of the process. (note: process name may be empty. In case it is empty get
* the process name from /proc/[pid]/stat).
* @throws IOException
* if the file does not exist or we don't have read permissions.
* @see #name
*/
public String cmdline() throws IOException {
return read("cmdline");
}
/**
* @return the {@link Cgroup} for this process
* @throws IOException
*/
public Cgroup cgroup() throws IOException {
return Cgroup.get(pid);
}
/**
* @return the oom_adj value for this process
* @throws IOException
* if the file does not exist or we don't have read permissions.
*/
public int oom_adj() throws IOException {
return Integer.parseInt(read("oom_adj"));
}
/**
* @return the oom_score_adj value for this process
* @throws IOException
* if the file does not exist or we don't have read permissions.
*/
public int oom_score_adj() throws IOException {
return Integer.parseInt(read("oom_score_adj"));
}
/**
* @return the {@link Stat} for this process
* @throws IOException
* if the file does not exist or we don't have read permissions.
*/
public Stat stat() throws IOException {
return Stat.get(pid);
}
/**
* @return the {@link Statm} for this process
* @throws IOException
* if the file does not exist or we don't have read permissions.
*/
public Statm statm() throws IOException {
return Statm.get(pid);
}
/**
* @return the {@link Status} for this process
* @throws IOException
* if the file does not exist or we don't have read permissions.
*/
public Status status() throws IOException {
return Status.get(pid);
}
/**
* The symbolic name corresponding to the location in the kernel where the process is sleeping.
*
* @return the contents of /proc/[pid]/wchan
* @throws IOException
* if the file does not exist or we don't have read permissions.
*/
public String wchan() throws IOException {
return read("wchan");
}
@Override public int describeContents() {
return 0;
}
@Override public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
dest.writeString(this.name);
dest.writeInt(this.pid);
}
protected AndroidProcess(Parcel in) {
this.name = in.readString();
this.pid = in.readInt();
}
public static final Creator<AndroidProcess> CREATOR = new Creator<AndroidProcess>() {
@Override public AndroidProcess createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
return new AndroidProcess(source);
}
@Override public AndroidProcess[] newArray(int size) {
return new AndroidProcess[size];
}
};
}
AndroidProcess解析了pid,process name等信息
参考文章:
http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/anlegor/article/details/38317305
http://www.cnblogs.com/luoyangcn/p/4936830.html
github地址:
https://github.com/jaredrummler/AndroidProcesses