C#適應練習:幾種常見設計模式的實現-优快云博客

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/jamenu/article/details/121027195

一.單例及原型模式

單例:即使用一個固定對象的對象進行操作,實現起來很簡單

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

// 2021 10 28 14:50  
// by 黎翰
//topic:23種設計模式............
namespace DesignMode.SingleTonMode       //單例模式代碼實現
{
    class TestSingleOne
    {
        private String Atestvisbity
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        private static TestSingleOne theOne = new TestSingleOne();

        private TestSingleOne()
        {
            this.Atestvisbity = "金坷垃";
            //封死構造函數.使其不能通過構造函數進行對象的創建
        }

        public static TestSingleOne GetInstance()   //獲取實例的唯一方法
        {
            return theOne;
        }

    }
}

測試方法:

 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
     
        //單例模式測試代碼
         TestSingleOne t1 = TestSingleOne.GetInstance();

          TestSingleOne t2 = TestSingleOne.GetInstance();

          TestSingleOne t3 = TestSingleOne.GetInstance();


          Console.WriteLine(t1.Equals(t2));

          Console.WriteLine(t2.Equals(t3));

          Console.WriteLine(t3.Equals(t1));
  
          Console.ReadLine();
 }

結果:

True
True
True

原型模式則與單例模式相反,需要以一個對象為原型複製另一個對象,
但對象的數據里八成是有引用類型的,
由此則涉及到了深淺拷貝的問題
如果無法克隆引用類型的成員,則實際上兩個對象的引用成員是同一個地址,即同一個對象.這就是淺拷貝
如果又能夠將引用類型的成員獨立拷貝出來,則視為深拷貝

Java的Object超類自帶有clone方法,能夠進行淺拷貝(也就是只拷貝基礎數據類型),但有一個前提要調用clone方法必須讓類實現cloneable接口,該接口是一個空接口,沒有定義方法,算一個給虛擬機的標識.
如果要用Clone方法實現深拷貝也十分簡單,即可以讓引用類型也實現Cloneable接口即可,

PS:如果是循環依賴的關係進行拷貝操作,則會直接棧溢出(具體原因可以在我的設計模式文章中查看)

代碼實現:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

//2021 10 28   23種設計模式-----------------原型模式代碼實現(單例模式的反例)
//C#實現,    黎翰
namespace DesignMode.SingleTonMode
{
    //Java中object類中自帶clone方法,不過也需要實現cloneable接口,
    //由於C#沒有這個特性,所以需要模擬一個類java的clone方法
    public interface Prototype
    {
        //模仿克隆方法
        object smultClone();

    }
    public class thePrototype:Prototype
    {
        //省略一下三個普通屬性
        private String id
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        private String name
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        private String address
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        public thePrototype(String id,String name,String address)
        {
            this.id = id;
            this.name = name;
            this.address = address;
        }

        public thePrototype() { }

        //實現模仿的克隆方法
        public object smultClone()
        {
            thePrototype newone = new thePrototype();

            newone.id = this.id;

            newone.name = this.name;

            newone.address = this.address;

            return newone;
        }

        //重寫一下toString方法,方便對象的顯示
        public override string ToString()
        {
            return "id:" + this.id + "name:" + this.name + "address:" + this.address;
        }


    }
}

測試代碼:

// 原型模式測試代碼
             
   thePrototype origin = new thePrototype("10086","小明","勘察加半島");

     thePrototype theSecond = (thePrototype)origin.smultClone();      //調用克隆方法實現對象的克隆

     Console.WriteLine(origin.Equals(theSecond));

     Console.WriteLine(theSecond);

     Console.ReadLine();

結果:

False
id:10086name:小明address:勘察加半島

二:簡單工廠模式

簡單工廠模式,即通過工廠對象的(工廠方法)創造對象的方法,
含義比較簡單,直接以代碼的方式實現

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DesignMode.FactoryMode
{
    class FactoryMode 
    {
        //簡單工廠模式測試代碼

    }

    public interface Fruit  //定義一個水果接口
    {
        void showFruitName();
    }

    public class Apple : Fruit
    {
        public void showFruitName()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Not just a Apple");
        }
    }

    public class Banana : Fruit
    {
        public void showFruitName()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Not just a Banana");
        }
    }

    public class FactoryClass   //工廠類,生產對象
    {
        public  Fruit getWhichFruit(String clazz)
        {
            if (clazz.Equals("Apple"))
            {
                return new Apple();
            }
            else if (clazz.Equals("Banana"))
            {
                return new Banana();
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Cannot get Instance!!!!");
                return null;
            }
        }
    }



}

測試方法:

	String clazz = Console.ReadLine();

   FactoryClass factory = new FactoryClass();

   Fruit fruit = factory.getWhichFruit(clazz);

   fruit.showFruitName();

   Console.ReadLine();

輸入Apple測試:

Apple
Not just a Apple

輸入Banana測試

Banana
Not just a Banana

三.建造者模式

這個模式的關係比較複雜,(在我的設計模式文章中有比較詳細的介紹)
但可以主要分為幾種角色,

抽象建造者
具體建造者
抽象產品接口
具體產品類
Directer指導者(可以省略)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

//2021 10 28 黎翰
//23種設計模式-------------建造者模式代碼實現
namespace DesignMode.BuilderMode
{
    //抽象建造者類
    interface HouseBuilder
    {
        void buildGate();            //建造們

        void buildGarden();          //建造花園

        void buildRoof();            //建造屋頂

        void buildWall();            //建造墻

        void buildLargeWindow();     //建造窗戶

        void buildSmallWindow();
    }

    

    //具體建造者類
    class LuxHouseBuilder :HouseBuilder 
    {
        //產品實例
        private  LuxHouse luxHouse = new LuxHouse();

     
        

        public void buildGarden()
        {
            luxHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個花園");
            Console.WriteLine("LuxGarden.....");
        }
        public void buildGate()
        {
            luxHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個大門");
            Console.WriteLine("LuxGate.....");
        }
        public void buildLargeWindow()
        {
            luxHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個大的窗戶");
            Console.WriteLine("LuxLargeWindow.....");
        }
        public void buildRoof()
        {
            luxHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個屋頂");
            Console.WriteLine("LuxRoof.....");
        }
        public void buildSmallWindow()
        {
            luxHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個小窗戶");
            Console.WriteLine("LuxSmallWindow.....");
        }
        public void buildWall()
        {
            luxHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一堵墻");
            Console.WriteLine("LuxWall.....");
        }


        //獲取產品方法
        public LuxHouse getProduct()
        {
            return luxHouse;
        }


    }

    //具體建造者類
    class CheHouseBulder : HouseBuilder
    {
        private CheHouse cheHouse = new CheHouse();

        public void buildGarden()
        {
            cheHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個花園");
            Console.WriteLine("poorGarden........");
        }

        public void buildGate()
        {
            cheHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個大門");
            Console.WriteLine("poorGate........");
        }

        public void buildLargeWindow()
        {
            cheHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個大的窗戶");
            Console.WriteLine("poorLargeWindow........");
        }

        public void buildRoof()
        {
            cheHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個屋頂");
            Console.WriteLine("poorRoof........");
        }

        public void buildSmallWindow()
        {
            cheHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個小的窗戶");
            Console.WriteLine("poorSmallWindow........");
        }

        public void buildWall()
        {
            cheHouse.appendStringToIdentity("\n建了一個花園");
            Console.WriteLine("poorWall........");
        }

        public CheHouse getProduct()
        {
            return cheHouse;
        }

    }


    //抽象產品接口
    interface House
    {
        void Stay();
    }

    //具體產品類
    class LuxHouse : House
    {
        private StringBuilder identity = new StringBuilder("process");

        public void appendStringToIdentity(String append)
        {
            identity.Append(append);
        }

        public void showIdentity()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(identity);
        }

        public void Stay()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("stay in LuxHouse");
        }
    }

    //具體產品類
    class CheHouse : House
    {
        private StringBuilder identity = new StringBuilder("process");

        public void appendStringToIdentity(String append)
        {
            identity.Append(append);
        }

        public void showIdentity()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(identity);
        }

        public void Stay()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("stay in CheHouse");
        }
    }

    //指揮者類,指揮對象的生產動作
    class Director
    {
        private HouseBuilder builder;

        public Director(HouseBuilder builder)
        {
            this.builder = builder;
        }

        public void setBuilder(HouseBuilder builder)
        {
            this.builder = builder;
        }

        public void setALuxHouseFristWay()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("第一種建造方式開始.....");
            builder.buildGate();
            builder.buildWall();
            builder.buildRoof();
            builder.buildLargeWindow();
            Console.WriteLine("第一種建造方式結束.....");
        }

        public  void setALuxHouseSecondWay(HouseBuilder builder)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("第二種建造方式開始.....");
            builder.buildGarden();
            builder.buildRoof();
            builder.buildSmallWindow();
            Console.WriteLine("第二種建造方式結束.....");
        }
        public void setACheHouseSecond(HouseBuilder builder)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("chehouse建造方式開始.....");
            builder.buildGarden();
            builder.buildRoof();
            builder.buildSmallWindow();
            Console.WriteLine("chehouse建造方式結束.....");
        }

    }

}

測試代碼

 //建造者模式測試

            HouseBuilder luxbuilder = new LuxHouseBuilder();  //創建具體建造者對象

            HouseBuilder chebuilder = new CheHouseBulder();

            Director director = new Director(luxbuilder);  //設置指揮者

            director.setALuxHouseFristWay();         //指揮生產方法

            LuxHouse lux = ((LuxHouseBuilder)luxbuilder).getProduct(); //獲取產品

            lux.showIdentity();     //顯示一下創建過程

           

            director.setBuilder(chebuilder);

            director.setACheHouseSecond(chebuilder);

            CheHouse che = ((CheHouseBulder)chebuilder).getProduct();

            che.showIdentity();

            Console.ReadLine();

結果:

第一種建造方式開始.....
LuxGate.....
LuxWall.....
LuxRoof.....
LuxLargeWindow.....
第一種建造方式結束.....
process
建了一個大門
建了一堵墻
建了一個屋頂
建了一個大的窗戶
chehouse建造方式開始.....
poorGarden........
poorRoof........
poorSmallWindow........
chehouse建造方式結束.....
process
建了一個花園
建了一個屋頂
建了一個小的窗戶