使用spring-test测试springmvc

web应用开发人员在开发过程中需要测试各种请求，通常需要使用web服务器部署后进行调试，本文介绍基于SpringMVC与Spring Test框架编写单元测试对springmvc进行测试。

1、创建maven项目，pom.xml如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.qerooy</groupId>
	<artifactId>mvctest</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>

	<properties>
		<spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
		<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
			<version>${spring.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>log4j</groupId>
			<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
			<version>${log4j.version}</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>2.5</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.11</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
			<version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>

	<build />
</project>

2、编写spring配置文件applicationContext.xml如下（此处仅配置本例子所需），log4j.properties

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">

	<context:component-scan base-package="*" />

	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping" />

	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />


</beans>

log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n

3、编写一个controller及测试用的model类，如下

package com.qerooy.controller;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.qerooy.model.User;

@Controller
public class UserController {

	Logger log = Logger.getLogger(getClass());

	@RequestMapping
	public void save(User user){
		log.info(user.getUsername());
		log.info(user.getRemark());
	}

}

package com.qerooy.model;

public class User {

	private String username;

	private String remark;

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public String getRemark() {
		return remark;
	}

	public void setRemark(String remark) {
		this.remark = remark;
	}

}

4、编写测试类，执行测试用例即可测试springmvc

package com.qerooy;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;


@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath*:applicationContext*.xml"}) 
@WebAppConfiguration
public class MVCTest {

	@Autowired  
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

	@Test
	public void test() {

		MockMvc mockMvc = webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();  
		try {
			mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user/save").characterEncoding("UTF-8")
					.param("username", "qerooy")
					.param("remark", "测试")
					);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}


		assertTrue(true);
	}

}