"""字典(其它语言中称map或者键值对)"""
stu = {'name': 'zhangsan', 'age': 20, 'score': 78.5} # 键不能够重复
print(stu)
print(stu['name']) # 打印某个键对应的值
stu['name'] = 'lisi' # 已存在就更改,不存在就添加
print(stu['name'])
del (stu['score']) # 删除字典元素,只需要给出键名
print(stu)
"""字典默认值"""
s = ('name', 'age', 'score') # 创建元组
dict = dict.fromkeys(s) # 每个值都为none
print(dict)
dict = dict.fromkeys(s, 'abc') # 每个值都默认为abc
print(dict)
"""输出"""
stu = {'name': 'zhangsan', 'age': 20, 'score': 78.5}
for k, v in stu.items():
print("%s:%s" % (k, v)) # 输出每对键值对
for k in stu.keys():
print(k) # 输出每个键
for v in stu.values():
print(v) # 输出每个值
"""函数"""
def fun(a, b):
print(a + b)
fun(1, 2)
fun(4, 5)
"""关键字参数"""
def sum(a, b):
print("a=%d,b=%d" % (a, b))
sum(b=5, a=20)
"""不定长参数"""
def noLen(a, *v): # 从第二个元素开始都作为不定长的参数,用元组保存
print(a)
print(v)
noLen(10, 20, 30)
def noLen2(a, **v): # 以**开头的形参,多余的参数会以字典的形式存储
print(a)
print(v)
noLen2(a=1, b=3, c=4)
"""匿名函数"""
c = lambda a, b: a + b # 只是一个表达式的函数,比较简单,a和b为参数
print(c(1,2))