IPV4 && IPV6 DHCP中继服务器之思科交换机配置
标题:IPV4 &&IPV6 DHCP中继服务器配置 + 思科交换机配置 + DHCP服务器配置
一、DHCP服务器配置
网络拓扑图
DHCP服务器分配3个子网,分别为100.100.100.0/24 100.100.20.0/24 100.100.30.0/24
DHCP服务器:100.100.100.100/24 默认网关:100.100.100.1
大家都知道的不同VLAN之间的计算机不能互相访问的,如果要为3个VLAN划分不同的网段需要3个dhcp server,而dhcp中继功能解决了只需要配置一个dhcp server,通过交换机的中继功能也能划分不同网段。我的实验环境如下:
默认网关设置在思科交换机VLAN1,VLAN2,VLAN3。
VLAN1:接口1-12 IP V4 ADDRESS:100.100.100.1 IPV6 2020:0:0:1::1 /64
VLAN2:接口13-24 IP V4 ADDRESS:100.100.20.1 IPV6 2020:0:0:2::1 /64
VLAN3:接口25-36 IP V4 ADDRESS:100.100.30.1 IPV6 2020:0:0:3::1 /64
1.1 IPV4 IPV6 DHCP网口配置
配置网口-----与交换机直连
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp59s0f1
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes #开启接口IPV6
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes #开启接口IPV6
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes #开启接口IPV6
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=enp59s0f1
UUID=3efbc07c-7439-4a05-afa7-ab079d2cd5c3
DEVICE=enp59s0f1
ONBOOT=yes #每次开机自动link up 接口
IPV6ADDR=2020:0:0:1::2/64 #IPV6 地址
IPV6_DEFAULTGW=2020:0:0:1::1#IPV6 默认网关
IPADDR=100.100.100.100 #确保IPV4地址在DHCP配置文件的IP池中
PREFIX=24 #IPV4 掩码
GATEWAY=100.100.100.1 #IPV4 默认网关
开启网口
[root@localhost ~]# ifup enp59s0f1
1.2 DHCP服务配置和开启
安装dhcp服务
CentOS
RPM 安装:rpm -ivh dhcp-4.2.5-42.el7.x86_64
YUM源安装:yum -y install dhcp
配置yum源方式如下:
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel.repo
[CentOS]
name=CentOS
#baseurl=http://x.x.x.x/CentOS/Packages/ #使用http源
baseurl=f"ile:///mnt/CentOS" #使用本地镜像源
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
安装dhcp服务后,在/etc/dhcpd/目录下生成2个配置文件,
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/dhcp/
dhclient.d dhcpd6.conf dhcpd.conf
其中
dhcpd6.conf 配置IPV6 , IPV6国家倡导发展大趋势,大家可以尝试下。
dhcpd.conf配置IPV4
租约释放时间设置注意:default-lease-time 默认释放时间,不要设置太短,也不建议设置2周以上,IP被霸占着不释放,导致IP池资源紧张,一般设置可根据业务使用情况合理设定。
dhcp-rebinding-time 租约期满续订失败,重新请求续约IP时间
dhcp-renewal-time 租约部分过期重新续订IP时间
配置文件分别如下:
[root@localhost dhcp]# cat dhcpd.conf
# dhcpd.conf
option domain-name "example.org";
option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 172800;
# This is a very basic subnet declaration.
subnet 100.100.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 100.100.100.100 100.100.100.105;
option routers 100.100.10.1;
}
subnet 100.100.20.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 100.100.20.100 100.100.20.200;
option routers 100.100.20.1;
}
subnet 100.100.30.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 100.100.30.100 100.100.30.200;
option routers 100.100.30.1;
}
[root@localhost dhcp]# cat dhcpd6.conf
default-lease-time 86400;
preferred-lifetime 43200;
option dhcp-renewal-time 30000;
option dhcp-rebinding-time 30000;
option dhcp6.domain-search "localhost.localdomain";
option dhcp6.name-servers 2020::10:2;
#option dhcpd6.bootfile-url code 59 = string;
DHCPDARGS="enp59s0f1";
allow leasequery;
allow booting;
allow bootp;
option dhcp6.info-refresh-time 21600;
option dhcp6.bootfile-url code 59 = string;
option dhcp6.client-arch-type code 61 = array of unsigned integer 16;
#dhcpv6-lease