spring04-事务02, 基于注解的声明式事务

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#注解事务 #tx #spring事务

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本文详细介绍了如何在Spring框架中使用注解配置事务管理，包括事务管理器的配置、注解事务的支持开启及具体注解的使用方法。通过实例演示了只读型事务和读写型事务的区别配置。

基于注解配置事务, 只需要三步

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">


    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hr"></context:component-scan>

    <context:property-placeholder location="db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>

    <!--配置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.Driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--
        spring中基于注解的声明式事务控制配置步骤
        1 配置事务管理器
        2 开启spring对注解事务的支持
        3 在需要事务支持的地方使用@Transactional注解
    -->
    <!--1 配置事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!--2 开启spring对注解事务的支持-->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"></tx:annotation-driven>




</beans>

业务类:

package com.hr.service.impl;

import com.hr.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.hr.domain.Account;
import com.hr.service.IAccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.List;

@Service("accountService")
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS,readOnly = true)  //只读型事务的配置
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {

    @Autowired
    private IAccountDao accountDao;



    public Account findAccountById(Integer accountId) {
        Account account = accountDao.findAccountById(accountId);
        return account;
    }

    //需要的是读写型事务的配置
    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly = false)
    public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) {
        //查询转出账户
        Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName);
        //查询转入账户
        Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName);
        //转出账户减钱
        source.setMoney(source.getMoney() - money);
        //转入账户加钱
        target.setMoney(target.getMoney() + money);
        //更新转出账户
        accountDao.updateAccount(source);

        int i = 1 / 0;

        //更新转入账户
        accountDao.updateAccount(target);


    }
}

业务类中配置事务的注解, 可以在类上和方法上分别使用, 区别于只读型事务和读写型事务的配置. 相比于XML配置, 注解在xml配置相对简单, 但是要区分于类和方法上做不同的处理

github: https://github.com/2402zmybie/spring04_06tx_anno

基于Spring声明式事务的纯注解实现:

package conf;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

/**
 * Spring配置类, 相当于bean.xml
 */
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.hr")
@Import({JdbcConfig.class,TransactionManager.class})
@EnableTransactionManagement   //开启Spring对注解的支持
public class SpringConfiguration {
}

package conf;

import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.DriverManagerDataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySources;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

/**
 * 和连接数据库相关的配置类
 */
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:db.properties")
public class JdbcConfig {

    @Value("${jdbc.driver}")
    private String driver;
    @Value("${jdbc.url}")
    private String url;
    @Value("${jdbc.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    private String password;

    @Bean(name = "jdbcTemplate")
    public JdbcTemplate createJdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
        return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    }

    @Bean(name = "dataSource")
    public DataSource createDataSource() {
        DriverManagerDataSource ds = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        ds.setDriverClass(driver);
        ds.setJdbcUrl(url);
        ds.setUser(username);
        ds.setPassword(password);
        return ds;
    }


}

package conf;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

/**
 * 和事务相关的配置类
 */
public class TransactionManager {
    /**
     * 用于创建事务管理器对象
     * @param dataSource
     * @return
     */
    @Bean(name = "transactionManager")
    public DataSourceTransactionManager createTransactionManager(DataSource dataSource) {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    }
}

github: https://github.com/2402zmybie/spring04_07anno_tx_withoutxml