CentOS 6.3安装配置LAMP服务器(Linux+Apache+MySQL+PHP5)_linux配置rhel6.3为mysql apache php服务器。-优快云博客

from http://yanghuawu.blog.51cto.com/2638960/1062949

※ 本文档描述了如何在Linux服务器配置Apache、Mysql、PHP5

LAMP（Linux-Apache-MySQL-PHP）网站架构是目前国际流行的Web框架，该框架包括：Linux操作系统，Apache网络服务器，MySQL数据库，Perl、PHP或者Python编程语言，所有组成产品均是开源软件，是国际上成熟的架构框架，很多流行的商业应用都是采取这个架构，和Java/J2EE架构相比，LAMP具有Web资源丰富、轻量、快速开发等特点，微软的.NET架构相比，LAMP具有通用、跨平台、高性能、低价格的优势，因此LAMP无论是性能、质量还是价格都是企业搭建网站的首选平台。

安装前准备：

1、检查防火墙iptables状态

[root@server ~]# service iptables status

注意：用法：iptables {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status|panic|save}

表格：filter

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)

num target prot opt source destination

1 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED

2 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

3 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

4 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22

5 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)

num target prot opt source destination

1 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)

num target prot opt source destination

查看本机关于 IPTABLES的配置前情况

[root@server ~]# iptables -L

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED

ACCEPT icmp -- anywhere anywhere

ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere

ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:ssh

REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

REJECT all -- anywhere anywhere reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)

target prot opt source destination

2、配置防火墙，开启80端口、3306端口

[root@server ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

添加：

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT #允许80(http)端口通过防火墙

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT #允许3306(mysql)端口通过防火墙

备注：

很多网友把这两条规则添加到防火墙配置的最后一行，导致防火墙启动失败，正确的应该是添加到默认的22端口这条规则的下面。

如下所示：

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall

# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.

*filter

:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]

:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT #允许80(http)端口通过防火墙

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT #允许3306(mysql)端口通过防火墙

-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

COMMIT

:wq #保存退出

重启防火墙使配置生效

[root@server ~]# service iptables restart

iptables：清除防火墙规则： [确定]

iptables：将链设置为政策 ACCEPT：filter [确定]

iptables：正在卸载模块： [确定]

iptables：应用防火墙规则： [确定]

最后，检查防火墙iptables状态是否生效

[root@server ~]# service iptables status

表格：filter

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)

num target prot opt source destination

1 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED

2 ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

3 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0

4 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22

5 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:80

6 ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:3306

7 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)

num target prot opt source destination

1 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)

num target prot opt source destination

3、关闭SELINUX

[root@server ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

#SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉强制

SELINUX=disabled #关闭

# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:

# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

# mls - Multi Level Security protection.

#SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉

:wq #保存退出

重启系统

[root@server ~]# reboot

安装软件包：

4、安装Apache

检查是否安装httpd，使用YUM 自动安装：

[root@server ~]# rpm -qa |grep httpd

[root@server ~]# yum -y install httpd #根据提示，输入Y安装即可成功安装

启动Apache

[root@server ~]# service httpd start

正在启动 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for server

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

[确定]

设为开机启动

[root@server ~]# chkconfig httpd on

重启Apache

[root@server ~]# service httpd restart

停止 httpd： [确定]

正在启动 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for server

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

[确定]

查看启动Apache运行状态

[root@server ~]# service httpd status

httpd (pid 1290) 正在运行...

浏览器访问：http://10.1.4.44

5、安装MySQL

检查是否安装mysql，使用YUM 自动安装：

[root@server ~]# rpm –qa |grep mysql

[root@server ~]# yum -y install mysql mysql-server #是否要安装，输入Y即可自动安装,直到安装完成

启动MySQL

[root@server ~]# service mysqld start

[确定]

正在启动 mysqld： [确定]

设为开机启动

[root@server ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

[root@server ~]# cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnfbak

[root@server ~]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp：是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"？ y #拷贝配置文件（注意：如果/etc目录下面默认有一个my.cnf，直接覆盖即可）

为root账户设置密码

[root@server ~]# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL

SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current

password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and

you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,

so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): #按回车键

OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL

root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y #输入y

New password: #输入新密码

Re-enter new password: #重输入新密码

Password updated successfully!

Reloading privilege tables..

... Success!

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone

to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for

them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation

go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a

production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y #输入y

... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This

ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y #输入y

... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can

access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed

before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y #输入y

- Dropping test database...

... Success!

- Removing privileges on test database...

... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far

will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y #输入y

... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL

installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL! #最后出现：Thanks for using MySQL!

MySql密码设置完成，重新启动 MySQL：

[root@server ~]# service mysqld restart

停止 mysqld： [确定]

正在启动 mysqld： [确定]

[root@server ~]# service mysqld stop

停止 mysqld： [确定]

[root@server ~]# service mysqld start

正在启动 mysqld： [确定]

[root@server ~]#

6、安装PHP5

检查是否安装php，使用YUM 自动安装：

[root@server ~]# rpm –qa |grep php

[root@server ~]# yum -y install php #根据提示输入Y直到安装完成

安装PHP组件，使 PHP5 支持 MySQL

[root@server ~]# yum install php-mysql php-gd libjpeg* php-imap php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-bcmath php-mhash libmcrypt

#这里选择以上安装包进行安装，根据提示输入Y回车

重启MySql

[root@server ~]# service mysqld restart

停止 mysqld： [确定]

正在启动 mysqld： [确定]

重启Apche

[root@server ~]# service httpd restart

停止 httpd： [确定]

正在启动 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for server

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

[确定]

配置编辑文件：

7、Apache配置

个人习惯，修改配置文件首先要备份。

[root@server ~]# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.confbak #备份

[root@server ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf #编辑文件

小提示：

：set nu #显示行号

：set nonu #取消行号

pgUp #上一页

pgDn #下一页

44 ServerTokens OS　 #在44行修改为：ServerTokens Prod （在出现错误页的时候不显示服务器操作系统的名称）

536 ServerSignature On　 #在536行修改为：ServerSignature Off （在错误页中不显示Apache的版本）

331 Options Indexes FollowSymLinks　 #在331行修改为：Options Includes ExecCGI FollowSymLinks（允许服务器执行CGI及SSI，禁止列出目录）

796 #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi　#在796行取消“#” 修改为：AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl （允许扩展名为.pl的CGI脚本运行）

338 AllowOverride None　 #在338行修改为：AllowOverride All （允许.htaccess）

759 AddDefaultCharset UTF-8　#在759行修改为：AddDefaultCharset GB2312　（添加GB2312为默认编码）

554 Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks #在554行修改为 Options MultiViews FollowSymLinks（不在浏览器上显示树状目录结构）

402 DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var #在402行修改为：DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm Default.html Default.htm index.php Default.php index.html.var （设置默认首页文件，增加index.php）

76 KeepAlive Off #在76行修改为：KeepAlive On （允许程序性联机）

83 MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 #在83行修改为：MaxKeepAliveRequests 1000 （增加同时连接数）

:wq #保存退出

重启

[root@server ~]# service httpd restart

停止 httpd： [确定]

正在启动 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for server

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

[确定]

[root@server ~]# cp /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.confbak #备份

[root@server ~]# cp /var/www/error/noindex.html /var/www/error/noindex.htmlbak #备份

[root@server ~]# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf /var/www/error/noindex.html #删除默认2个测试页

重启

[root@server ~]# service httpd restart

停止 httpd： [确定]

正在启动 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for server

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

[确定]

浏览器访问：http://10.1.4.44

8、php配置

个人习惯，修改配置文件首先要备份。

[root@server ~]# cp /etc/php.ini /etc/php.inibak #备份

[root@server ~]# vim /etc/php.ini #编辑

小提示：

：set nu #显示行号

：set nonu #取消行号

pgUp #上一页

pgDn #下一页

946 ;date.timezone = PRC #在946行把前面的分号去掉，改为date.timezone = PRC

386 disable_functions = #在386行添加disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd, posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid, posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid, posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid, posix_getrlimit, posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty, posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid, posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname列出PHP可以禁用的函数，如果某些程序需要用到这个函数，可以删除，取消禁用。

432 expose_php = On #在432行修改为：expose_php = Off禁止显示php版本的信息

745 magic_quotes_gpc = Off #在745行修改为：magic_quotes_gpc = On打开magic_quotes_gpc来防止SQL注入

229 short_open_tag = Off #在229行修改为short_open_tag = On,支持php短标签

380 ;open_basedir = #在380行把前面的分号去掉，改为open_basedir = .:/tmp/ 设置表示允许访问当前目录(即PHP脚本文件所在之目录)和/tmp/目录,可以防止php木马跨站,如果改了之后安装程序有问题，可以注销此行，或者直接写上程序的目录/data/www.osyunwei.com/:/tmp/

:wq #保存退出

重启MySql

[root@server ~]# service mysqld restart

停止 mysqld： [确定]

正在启动 mysqld： [确定]

重启Apche

[root@server ~]# service httpd restart

停止 httpd： [确定]

正在启动 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for server

httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName

[确定]

在/var/www/html/目录下，创建一个index.php文件，并且编辑，如下：