道路车辆功能安全 ISO 26262标准（4-4）—系统级产品开发

写在前面

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1. 道路车辆功能安全ISO 26262标准

4. ISO 26262-4 系统级产品开发

四、项目集成和测试

4. 系统集成

根据系统的设计，在系统中包含的各个元素应被集成，按照 ISO26262-5 和 ISO26262-6中指定的系统集成测试。

5. 系统测试的测试目标和方法

为检测系统集成过程中的系统故障，依据下面表格中的测试目标和测试方法。

• 系统级功能安全和技术安全需求验证，如下表所示：

Methods		ASIL
		A	B	C	D
1a	Requirement-based test	++	++	++	++
1b	Fault injection test	+	+	++	++
1c	Back-to-back test	o	+	+	++
a:A requirements-based test denotes a test against functional and non-functional requirements. b:A fault injection test uses special means to introduce faults into the system. This can be done within the system via a special test interface or specially prepared elements or communication devices. The method is often used to improve the test coverage of the safety requirements, because during normal operation safety mechanisms are not invoked. c:A back-to-back test compares the responses of the test object with the responses of a simulation model to the same stimul, to detect differences between the behaviour of the model and its implementation.

• 系统级的功能性能，精度和安全机制的时序的正确性，如下表所示：

Methods		ASIL
		A	B	C	D
1a	Back-to-back test	o	+	+	++
1b	Performance test	o	+	+	++
a:A back-to-back test compares the responses of the test object with the responses of a simulation model to the same stimul, to detect differences between the behaviour of the model and its implementation. b:A performance test can verify the performance (e.g. actuator speed or strength, whole system response times) of the safety mechanisms concerning the system.

• 系统级的外部和内部接口的一致性和正确性，如下表所示：

Methods		ASIL
		A	B	C