Linux命令简记

原创已于 2025-12-07 17:49:38 修改 · 147 阅读

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于 2023-02-14 06:14:31 首次发布

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hostnamectl 修改主机名
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl hostname rocky9
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl 
 Static hostname: rocky9
       Icon name: computer-vm
         Chassis: vm 🖴
      Machine ID: 281c48d7f9ec4dd8accde91790ad0961
         Boot ID: 733ceaa1a4c64fa58785a99c4bbd7f7f
  Virtualization: vmware
Operating System: Rocky Linux 9.0 (Blue Onyx)      
     CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:rocky:rocky:9::baseos
          Kernel: Linux 5.14.0-70.13.1.el9_0.x86_64
    Architecture: x86-64
 Hardware Vendor: VMware, Inc.
  Hardware Model: VMware20,1
[root@localhost ~]#

hostnamectl 修改主机名

timedatectl 查看时间和时区信息

[root@rocky9 ~]# timedatectl 
               Local time: Sun 2025-12-07 13:39:38 CST
           Universal time: Sun 2025-12-07 05:39:38 UTC
                 RTC time: Sun 2025-12-07 05:39:38
                Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)
System clock synchronized: no
              NTP service: active
          RTC in local TZ: no

配置更新源：

[root@rocky9 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
mount: /mnt: WARNING: source write-protected, mounted read-only.

[root@rocky9 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/rocky.repo
# rocky.repo
[baseos]
name=Rocky Linux $releasever - BaseOS
baseurl=file:///mnt/BaseOS
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[appstream]
name=Rocky Linux $releasever - AppStream
baseurl=file:///mnt/AppStream
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[root@rocky9 ~]# dnf install vim tree

nmtui 配置网络

[root@rocky9 ~]# dnf install glibc-langpack-zh
[root@rocky9 ~]# localectl list-locales
C.UTF-8
en_AU.UTF-8
en_BW.UTF-8
en_CA.UTF-8
en_DK.UTF-8
en_GB.UTF-8
en_HK.UTF-8
en_IE.UTF-8
en_NZ.UTF-8
en_PH.UTF-8
en_SC.UTF-8
en_SG.UTF-8
en_US.UTF-8
en_ZA.UTF-8
en_ZW.UTF-8
zh_CN.UTF-8
zh_HK.UTF-8
zh_SG.UTF-8
zh_TW.UTF-8
[root@rocky9 ~]# localectl set-locale LANG=zh_CN.utf8
[root@rocky9 ~]# localectl
   System Locale: LANG=zh_CN.utf8
       VC Keymap: cn
      X11 Layout: cn

[root@rocky9 ~]# locale
LANG=zh_CN.utf8
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_PAPER="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_NAME="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.utf8"
LC_ALL=
[root@rocky9 ~]#

strings命令在对象文件或二进制文件中查找可打印的字符串。字符串可打印字符的任意序列，以换行符或空字符结束。 strings命令对识别随机对象文件很有用。
strings a.out | grep xxx

strings -f * | grep "my dear"

find -name "*" | xargs strings -f | grep xxx

ffmpeg.exe -f concat -safe 0 -i ./filelist.txt -c copy ./test.mp4
# Linux/macOS（使用find和xargs生成文件列表）
find . -name '*.mp4' -print0 | xargs -0 -I {} echo "file '{}'" > filelist.txt
find . -maxdepth 1 -name "*.mp4"
xargs 用于将标准输入的数据作为参数传递给其他命令。这里的 -0 选项表示输入项以空字符分隔，与前面的 -print0 对应，确保正确处理包含空格或特殊字符的文件名。
-I {} 是一个占位符，告诉 xargs 将输入的每个项目替换到 {} 的位置。