wpf 中使用.net core 的容器和依赖注入

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-07 07:28:32 发布

dxm809

最新推荐文章于 2025-04-07 07:28:32 发布

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分类专栏： WPF .NET CORE

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本文介绍如何在WPF应用程序中使用.NET Core配置系统和依赖注入服务。具体步骤包括安装NuGet包、配置appsettings.json文件、创建配置类和服务接口及其实现，并在App.xaml.cs中进行依赖注入。

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1 新建.net core wpf项目通过nuget引入下面的包

2 去掉App.xaml中的StartupUri=""

<Application x:Class="WpfApp1.App"
             xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
             xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
             xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp1"
             >
    <Application.Resources>
         
    </Application.Resources>
</Application>

3 新建appsettings.json文件

{
  "AppSettings": {
    "StringSetting": "Value",
    "IntegerSetting": 42,
    "BooleanSetting": true
  }
}

4 创建AppSettings类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace WpfApp1
{

    public class AppSettings
    {
        public string StringSetting { get; set; }
        public int IntegerSetting { get; set; }
        public bool BooleanSetting { get; set; }
    }
}

5 创建ISampleService

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace WpfApp1
{
    public interface ISampleService
    {
        string GetCurrentDate();
    }
}

6 创建服务接口的实现类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace WpfApp1
{
    public class SampleService : ISampleService
    {
        public string GetCurrentDate() => DateTime.Now.ToLongDateString();
    }
}

7 修改App.xaml.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;

namespace WpfApp1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for App.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class App : Application
    {
        public IServiceProvider ServiceProvider { get; private set; }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; private set; }


        protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e)
        {           

            var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder().SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()).AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true);
            Configuration = builder.Build();

            var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();
            ConfigureServices(serviceCollection);

            ServiceProvider = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider();
            var mainWindow = ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<MainWindow>();
            mainWindow.Show();

            base.OnStartup(e);

        }

        private void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {

            // 向全局容器中注册一个视图
            services.AddTransient(typeof(MainWindow));

            // 在全局容器中配置 AppSettings
            services.Configure<AppSettings>(options => Configuration.GetSection("AppSettings").Bind(options));


            // 在全局容器中注册自定义服务
            services.AddScoped<ISampleService, SampleService>();
        }
    }



}

8 修改MainWindow.xaml.cs，设置断点，可以查看变量的值

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;

namespace WpfApp1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        private readonly ISampleService _sampleService;
        private readonly IOptions<AppSettings> _settings;

        public MainWindow(ISampleService sampleService, IOptions<AppSettings> settings)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            _sampleService = sampleService;
            var val = _sampleService.GetCurrentDate();

            _settings = settings;
        }
    }



   

}

9 查看的变量如下