Django-全局配置文件&路由配置文件(二)

一，全局配置文件 settings.py，注意文件中注释。

"""
Django settings for mysite project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.2.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""
# 全局配置信息 django 相关的全局配置信息，
import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '0r%8osb-q+hn6meyt3qid97qmrlf@+4i@vq-tra1uym1i)83_c'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition 所有应用的名称 注意配置自定义应用

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'blog' # 添加自定义模块应用
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware', # 安全防止跨站请求伪造
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'mysite.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],  # 注意需要配置 静态文件模板名称及路径。
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'mysite.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'  # 别名

# 关联根目录和 static 文件夹
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "blog/static"),
]

二，路由配置文件 urls.py

# 全局路由 ，分发url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, re_path
from django.conf.urls import url
from blog import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    # path('show_time/', views.show_time),
    url(r'show_time/', views.show_time),    # url(正则表达式, 视图函数, 参数, 别名)  path(正则表达式, 视图函数, 参数, 别名)

    # url(r'article/(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})', views.article_year),
    # path('article/<int:year>/<int:month>', views.article_year),
    re_path('article/(?P<year>\d{4})/(?P<month>\d{2})', views.article_year),


    url(r'register/', views.register),
]

注意: Django1 中配置url 和Django2中的path，以上三种配置方式都包括,其中path和re_pathDjango2中默认配置方式，调用的是第三方, 无需太多关注。三种方式都可以使用。

路由别名的使用：

路由分发:

原因:所有的模块url都定义到全局路由配置文件中，会太多，而且不便于维护.所以在每个模块下创建一个urls.py 路由配置文件， 在全局中分发到不同应用的urls.py，如下