实现成果
NettyServer
package com.shuang.netty;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
public class NettyServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
//创建BossGroup 和 WorkerGroup
//说明
//1、创建两个线程组 bossGroup 和 workerGroup
//2、bossGroup 只是处理连接请求,真正的和客户端业务处理,会交给 workerGroup 完成
//3、两个都是无限循环
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
//创建服务器端的启动对象,配置参数
ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
//使用链式编程来进行设置
bootstrap.group(bossGroup,workerGroup) //设置两个线程组
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) //使用NioSocketChannel 作为服务器的通道实现
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG,128) //设置线程队列得到连接个数
.childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE,true) //设置保持活动连接状态
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() { //创建一个通道测试对象(匿名对象)
//给 pipeline 设置处理器
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new NettyServerHandler());
}
}); //给我们的workerGroup 的 EventLoop 对应的管道设置处理器
System.out.println(".....服务器 is ready...");
//绑定一个端口并且同步,生成一个 ChannelFuture 对象
//启动服务器(并绑定端口)
ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.bind(6668).sync();
//对关闭通道进行监听
channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
}finally {
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
NettyServerHandler
package com.shuang.netty;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
/**
* 1.我们自定义一个 Handler 需要继承 netty 规定好的某个 HandlerAdapter (规范)
* 2.这时我们自定义的 Handler ,才能称为一个 Handler
*/
public class NettyServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
//读取数据(这里我们可以读取客户端发送的消息)
/**
* 1. ChannelHandlerContext ctx:上下文对象,含有 管道 pipeline , 通道 channel , 地址
* 2. Object msg: 就是客户端发送的数据 默认Object
* @param ctx
* @param msg
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Server " + ctx);
//将 msg 转成一个ByteBuf
//ByteBuf 是 Netty 提供的,不是 NIO 的 ByteBuffer
ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
System.out.println("客户端发送消息是:" + buf.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
System.out.println("客户端地址:" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress());
}
//数据读取完毕
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
//writeAndFlush 是 write + flush
//将数据写入到缓存,并刷新
//一般讲,我们对这个发送的数据进行编码
ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("hello,客户端~",CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
}
//处理异常,一般是需要关闭通道
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
ctx.close();
}
}
NettyClient
package com.shuang.netty;
import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
public class NettyClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
//客户端需要一个事件循环组
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
//创建客户端启动对象
//注意客户端使用的不是 ServerBootstrap 而是 Bootstrap
Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
//设置相关参数
bootstrap.group(group) //设置线程组
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class) //设置客户端通道的实现类(反射)
.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new NettyClientHandler()); //加入自己的处理器
}
});
System.out.println("客户端 ok...");
//启动客户端去连接服务器端
//关于 ChannelFuture 要分析,涉及到 netty 的异步模型
ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.connect("127.0.0.1", 6668).sync();
//给关闭通道进行监听
channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
}finally {
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
NettyClientHandler
package com.shuang.netty;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
public class NettyClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
//当通道就绪就会触发该方法
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Client " + ctx);
ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("hello,server: 喵", CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
}
//当通道有读取事件时,会触发
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
System.out.println("服务器回复的消息:" + buf.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
System.out.println("服务器的地址:" + ctx.channel().remoteAddress());
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
cause.printStackTrace();
ctx.close();
}
}