CentOS7 部署Django Celery

在生产环境中部署Django、Celery项目需要开机启动，因此需要配置系统服务。

下面以CentOS7系统为例，记录配置Django和Celery为系统服务，并开机启动。

1.Django服务

在生产环境中部署Django项目需要用到uwsgi或gunicorn，这里我使用gunicorn。

1.1 Gunicorn简介

Gunicorn“绿色独角兽”是一个被广泛使用的高性能的Python WSGI UNIX HTTP服务器，移植自Ruby的独角兽(Unicorn )项目,使用pre-fork worker模式，具有使用非常简单，轻量级的资源消耗，以及高性能等特点。

Gunicorn 服务器作为wsgi app的容器，能够与各种Web框架兼容(flask，django等),得益于gevent等技术，使用Gunicorn能够在基本不改变wsgi app代码的前提下，大幅度提高wsgi app的性能。

1.2 安装Gunicorn

pip3 install gunicorn

1.3 静态文件处理

# urls.py中增加
from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns

urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()

2.配置Django服务

编写/usr/lib/systemd/system/django.service

[Unit]
Description=django daemon service
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/opt/Django-Project　　# Django项目路径
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/gunicorn --workers 3 --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 Django-Project-Name.wsgi:application

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

3.配置Celery服务

3.1 Celery目录

　 创建celery log目录 /var/log/celery/

　 创建celery pid目录 /opt/celery/

3.2 Celery配置文件

创建celery配置文件/etc/conf.d/celery

# Name of nodes to start
# here we have a single node
CELERYD_NODES="w1"
# or we could have three nodes:
#CELERYD_NODES="w1 w2 w3"

# Absolute or relative path to the 'celery' command:
CELERY_BIN="/usr/local/bin/celery"
#CELERY_BIN="/virtualenvs/def/bin/celery"

# App instance to use
# comment out this line if you don't use an app
CELERY_APP="proj"　　# 这里修改为Django项目名称

# How to call manage.py
CELERYD_MULTI="multi"

# Extra command-line arguments to the worker
CELERYD_OPTS="--time-limit=300 --concurrency=4"

# - %n will be replaced with the first part of the nodename.
# - %I will be replaced with the current child process index
#   and is important when using the prefork pool to avoid race conditions.
CELERYD_PID_FILE="/opt/celery/%n.pid"
CELERYD_LOG_FILE="/var/log/celery/%n%I.log"
CELERYD_LOG_LEVEL="INFO"

# you may wish to add these options for Celery Beat
CELERYBEAT_PID_FILE="/opt/celery/beat.pid"
CELERYBEAT_LOG_FILE="/var/log/celery/beat.log"

3.3 Celery systemd unit

编写/usr/lib/systemd/system/celery.service

[Unit]
Description=Celery Service
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/etc/conf.d/celery
WorkingDirectory=/opt/Djang-Project　　# Django项目路径
ExecStart=/bin/sh -c '${CELERY_BIN} multi start ${CELERYD_NODES} \
  -A ${CELERY_APP} --pidfile=${CELERYD_PID_FILE} \
  --logfile=${CELERYD_LOG_FILE} --loglevel=${CELERYD_LOG_LEVEL} ${CELERYD_OPTS}'
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '${CELERY_BIN} multi stopwait ${CELERYD_NODES} \
  --pidfile=${CELERYD_PID_FILE}'
ExecReload=/bin/sh -c '${CELERY_BIN} multi restart ${CELERYD_NODES} \
  -A ${CELERY_APP} --pidfile=${CELERYD_PID_FILE} \
  --logfile=${CELERYD_LOG_FILE} --loglevel=${CELERYD_LOG_LEVEL} ${CELERYD_OPTS}'

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

4.启动服务

systemctl enable --now django.service

systemctl enable --now celery.service

参考文章：

　　https://docs.celeryproject.org/en/stable/userguide/daemonizing.html

　　https://www.howtoforge.com/how-to-install-django-on-centos-8/