string/vector/iterator

本文详细介绍了C++标准库中string和vector容器的操作方法,包括常用成员函数如empty(), size(), push_back()等的使用方式及迭代器的概念与应用。

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     // an iterator that cannot write elements
     vector<int>::const_iterator
     // an iterator whose value cannot change
     const vector<int>::iterator

Table 3.2. string Operations

s.empty()

Returns true if s is empty; otherwise returns false

s.size()

Returns number of characters in s

s[n]

Returns the character at position n in s; positions start at 0.

s1 + s2

Returns a string equal to the concatenation of s1 and s2

s1 = s2

Replaces characters in s1 by a copy of s2

v1 == v2

Returns true if v1 and v2 are equal; false otherwise

!=, <, <=,
>, and >=

Have their normal meanings


Table 3.5. vector Operations

v.empty()

Returns true if v is empty; otherwise returns false

v.size()

Returns number of elements in v

v.push_back(t)

Adds element with value t to end of v

v[n]

Returns element at position n in v

v1 = v2

Replaces elements in v1 by a copy of elements in v2

v1 == v2

Returns TRue if v1 and v2 are equal

!=, <, <=,
>, and >=

Have their normal meanings


//The iterator returned by begin refers to the first element, if any, in the container:
 vector<int>::iterator iter = ivec.begin();

//The iterator returned by the end operation is an iterator positioned "one past the end" of the vector.
 vector<int>::iterator iter = ivec.end();

 If the vector is empty, the iterator returned by begin is the same as the iterator returned by end.

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