有时我们需要把一些大的数据对象如图片、可执行文件、视频和文档等数据存入数据库。在MS SQL Server中,这要用到Image数据类型,可以保存多达2G的数据。以下给出一个通过ADO.NET和MS SQL Server实现的小小的例子。
先创建一个测试数据表。
在查询分析器中输入并执行以下语句:
Create table [imgtable](
[imgid] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[imgname] [varchar](100) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL,
[imgData] [image] NULL,
PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[imgid]
) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]
这要在你所选的数据库中就多了一个名叫imgtable的表。
VS中的代码如下:
using
System;2
using
System.Drawing;3
using
System.Collections;4
using
System.ComponentModel;5
using
System.Windows.Forms;6
using
System.Data;7
using
System.Data.SqlClient;8
using
System.IO;9

10
namespace
ADO_Demo11

{12

/**//// <summary>13
/// Form1 的摘要说明。14
/// </summary>15
public class ADO_Demo : System.Windows.Forms.Form16

{17
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;18
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;19
private System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox pictureBox1;20
private System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog openFileDialog1;21
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3;22

/**//// <summary>23
/// 必需的设计器变量。24
/// </summary>25
private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;26

27
public ADO_Demo()28

{29
//30
// Windows 窗体设计器支持所必需的31
//32
InitializeComponent();33

34
//35
// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何构造函数代码36
//37
}38

39

/**//// <summary>40
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。41
/// </summary>42
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )43

{44
if( disposing )45

{46
if (components != null) 47

{48
components.Dispose();49
}50
}51
base.Dispose( disposing );52
}53

54

Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码#region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码55

/**//// <summary>56
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改57
/// 此方法的内容。58
/// </summary>59
private void InitializeComponent()60

{61
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();62
this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();63
this.pictureBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox();64
this.openFileDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog();65
this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();66
this.SuspendLayout();67
// 68
// button169
// 70
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 48);71
this.button1.Name = "button1";72
this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);73
this.button1.TabIndex = 0;74
this.button1.Text = "保存图片";75
this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);76
// 77
// button278
// 79
this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 120);80
this.button2.Name = "button2";81
this.button2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);82
this.button2.TabIndex = 1;83
this.button2.Text = "显示图片";84
this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);85
// 86
// pictureBox187
// 88
this.pictureBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(8, 16);89
this.pictureBox1.Name = "pictureBox1";90
this.pictureBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(312, 288);91
this.pictureBox1.TabIndex = 2;92
this.pictureBox1.TabStop = false;93
// 94
// openFileDialog195
// 96
this.openFileDialog1.FileOk += new System.ComponentModel.CancelEventHandler(this.openFileDialog1_FileOk);97
// 98
// button399
// 100
this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 200);101
this.button3.Name = "button3";102
this.button3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(104, 23);103
this.button3.TabIndex = 1;104
this.button3.Text = "读取文件并打开";105
this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click);106
// 107
// ADO_Demo108
// 109
this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);110
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(496, 317);111
this.Controls.Add(this.pictureBox1);112
this.Controls.Add(this.button2);113
this.Controls.Add(this.button1);114
this.Controls.Add(this.button3);115
this.Name = "ADO_Demo";116
this.Text = "ADO_Demo";117
this.ResumeLayout(false);118

119
}120
#endregion121

122

/**//// <summary>123
/// 应用程序的主入口点。124
/// </summary>125
[STAThread]126
static void Main() 127

{128
Application.Run(new ADO_Demo());129
}130

131

/**//// <summary>132
/// 点击打开文件对话框确定按钮,将文件保存到数据库中133
/// </summary>134
/// <param name="sender"></param>135
/// <param name="e"></param>136
private void openFileDialog1_FileOk(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)137

{138
string filename = this.openFileDialog1.FileName;139
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");140
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("insert imgtable values(@imgname,@imgData)",conn);141
SqlParameter pm = new SqlParameter("@imgname",SqlDbType.VarChar,100);142
pm.Value = filename;143
SqlParameter pm1 = new SqlParameter("@imgData",SqlDbType.Image);144
FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Open);145
int len = (int)fs.Length;146
byte[] fileData = new byte[len];147
fs.Read(fileData,0,len);148
fs.Close();149

150
pm1.Value = fileData;151
cmd.Parameters.Add(pm);152
cmd.Parameters.Add(pm1);153

154
conn.Open();155
try156

{157
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();158
}159
catch(Exception ex)160

{161
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);162
}163

164

165
}166

167
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)168

{169
this.openFileDialog1.ShowDialog();170
}171

172

/**//// <summary>173
/// 从数据库中读取bitmap图片并显示174
/// </summary>175
/// <param name="sender"></param>176
/// <param name="e"></param>177
private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)178

{179
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");180
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from imgtable where imgname like '%bmp%'",conn);181
conn.Open();182
SqlDataReader dr;183
try184

{185
dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();186
dr.Read();187
System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlBinary sb = dr.GetSqlBinary(2);188
//或byte[] imageData = (byte[])dr[2];189
MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(sb.Value);//在内存中操作图片数据190
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap(Bitmap.FromStream(ms));191
this.pictureBox1.Image = bmp;192
dr.Close();193
}194
catch(Exception ex)195

{196
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);197
}198
finally199

{200
conn.Close();201
}202
}203

204

/**//// <summary>205
/// 读取文件并保存到硬盘,然后打开文件206
/// </summary>207
/// <param name="sender"></param>208
/// <param name="e"></param>209
private void button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)210

{211
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("server=192.168.2.200;integrated security = sspi;database = northwind");212
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("select * from imgtable where imgname like '%doc'",conn);213
conn.Open();214
SqlDataReader dr;215
try216

{217
dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();218
dr.Read();219
System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlBinary sb = dr.GetSqlBinary(2);220
//或byte[] imageData = (byte[])dr[2];221
//FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"C:/temp.bmp",FileMode.Create);222
string filename = @"C:/" + System.IO.Path.GetFileName(dr.GetString(1));223
FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename,FileMode.Create);224
fs.Write(sb.Value,0,sb.Value.Length);225
fs.Close();226
//this.pictureBox1.Image = Image.FromFile(@"C:/temp.bmp");227
System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(filename);228
dr.Close();229
}230
catch(Exception ex)231

{232
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);233
}234
finally235

{236
conn.Close();237
}238
}239
}240
}
直接把整个文件读取到内存中的数组里对于小文件来说是没问题的,但如果是大文件,特别是大小都超过了物理内存的文件,可能会导致严重的内存问题,需要分段读取,并分段写到数据库。
本文介绍如何使用ADO.NET和MSSQLServer存储和检索图像数据。通过具体的代码示例,展示了如何将图像文件读入内存,然后保存到数据库中,以及如何从数据库中读取图像数据并在界面上显示。
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