笨办法学Python3 习题43

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本文详细解析了Learn Code the Hard Way网站提供的Python编程习题43，介绍了如何使用Python进行类的定义、实例化及调用，通过从网络获取词汇，随机生成代码片段，帮助读者深入理解面向对象编程的概念。

习题43 来自Percal 25号行星的哥顿人

import random
from urllib.request import urlopen
import sys

WORD_URL = "http://learncodethehardway.org/words.txt"
WORDS = []

PHRASES = {
    "class ###(###):":
        "Make a class named ### that is a ###.",
    "class ###(object):\n\tdef __init__(self, ***)":
        "class ### has a  ___init__ that takes self and *** parameters.",
    "class ###(object):\n\tdef***(self, @@@)":
        "class ### has a function named *** that takes self and @@@ parameters.",
    "*** = ###()":
        "Set *** to an instance of class ###",
    "***.***(@@@)":
        "From *** to get the *** function, and call it with parameters self, @@@.",
    "***.*** = '***'":
        "From *** get the *** attribute and set it to '***'."
}
# do they want to drill phrases first
PHRASE_FIRST = False
if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1] == "english":
    PHRASE_FIRST = True

# load up the word from the website
for word in urlopen(WORD_URL).readlines():
    WORDS.append(word.strip())

def convert(snippet, phrase):
    class_names = [w.capitalize() for w in random.sample(WORDS, snippet.count("###"))]
    other_names = random.sample(WORDS, snippet.count("***"))
    results = []
    param_names = []

    for i in range(0, snippet.count("@@@")):
        param_count = random.randint(1,3)
        param_names.append(','.join(random.sample(WORDS, param_count)))

    for sentence in snippet, phrase:
        result = sentence[:]

        # fake class names:
        for word in class_names:
            result = result.replace("***", word, 1)

        # fake other names:
        for word in other_names:
            result = result.replace("@@@", word, 1)