RESTful风格api介绍,以及如何进行测试.
restful API风格介绍
查询->GET->/user
详情->GET->/user/1
创建->POST->/user
修改->PUT->/user/1
删除-> DELETE->/user/1
1.用URL描述资源
2.用HTTP方法描述行为,使用HTTP状态码来表示不同的结果
3.使用json交换数据
4.RESTful只是一种风格,并不是强制的标准
restful风格的代码测试
使用junit进行代码测试
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.util.Date;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class BootStarterSecurityDemoApplicationTests {
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
}
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
/**
* 在每次测试执行前构建mvc环境
*/
@Before
public void setup(){
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).build();
}
/**
* 用户信息查询
*/
@Test
public void whenQuerySuccess(){
//测试接口的返回结果是否满足预期
try {
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/user").param("username","pojo")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())//检查状态码
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.length()").value(3));//检查集合的长度是3个
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 获取用户的信息详情
*/
@Test
public void whenGetInfoSuccess(){
try {
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/user/1")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.name").value("tom"));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 创建用户
*/
@Test
public void whenCreateSuccess(){
//前台传入的是长整形
Date date = new Date();
String content = "{\"name\":\"tom\",\"password\":\"\",\"birthday\":"+date.getTime()+"}";
try {
String tom = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/user")
.contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8).content(content))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.name").value("tom"))
.andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString();
//后台返回的日期格式也是长整形
System.out.println(tom);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}