-bash: sbin/lua: No such file or directory解决办法

本文介绍了解决Lua运行时出现-bash:sbin/lua:No such file or directory错误的方法。通过检查缺失的动态链接库并从其他目录复制ld-linux-x86-64.so.2文件来解决问题。

说明

有时候,可执行文件Lua 明显存在,运行时会提示-bash: sbin/lua: No such file or directory。首先想到的应该是依赖的动态链接库缺少。

原因

首先查看lua所依赖的动态链接库有哪些

$ ldd sbin/lua
# 输出:
linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffcebb90000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007fb4a32a1000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fb4a309c000)
    libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007fb4a2e86000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fb4a2abc000)
    /opt/compiler/gcc-4.8.2/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 => /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000556c510df000)

然后一个一个目录查看.so文件是否存在
最后发现/opt/compiler/gcc-4.8.2/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 不存在。

解决

ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 这个肯定在其他目录有,所以从根目录查找该so文件,并copy一份到/opt/compiler/gcc-4.8.2/lib64/ 下

$ find / -name ld-linux-x86-64.so.2

# 然后复制一份到lua所依赖的那个目录

$ cp /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /opt/compiler/gcc-4.8.2/lib64/

然后再执行就成功了

[root@VM-24-11-opencloudos nginx-1.24.0]# pcre-config --version 8.35 [root@VM-24-11-opencloudos nginx-1.24.0]# ./configure --prefix=/www/server/nginx --add-module=/www/server/nginx/src/ngx_devel_kit --add-module=/www/server/nginx/src/lua_nginx_module --add-module=/www/server/nginx/src/ngx_cache_purge --with-openssl=/www/server/nginx/src/openssl --with-pcre=pcre-8.43 --with-http_v2_module --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-ipv6 --with-http_sub_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_mp4_module --add-module=/www/server/nginx/src/ngx_http_substitutions_filter_module-master --with-ld-opt=-Wl,-E --with-cc-opt=-Wno-error --with-http_dav_module --add-module=/www/server/nginx/src/nginx-dav-ext-module --add-module=/usr/local/fastdfs-nginx-module/src checking for OS + Linux 6.6.47-12.oc9.x86_64 x86_64 checking for C compiler ... found + using GNU C compiler + gcc version: 12.3.1 20230912 (OpenCloudOS 12.3.1.3-1) (Tencent Compiler 12.3.1.3) checking for gcc -pipe switch ... found checking for --with-ld-opt="-Wl,-E" ... found checking for -Wl,-E switch ... found checking for gcc builtin atomic operations ... found checking for C99 variadic macros ... found checking for gcc variadic macros ... found checking for gcc builtin 64 bit byteswap ... found checking for unistd.h ... found checking for inttypes.h ... found checking for limits.h ... found checking for sys/filio.h ... not found checking for sys/param.h ... found checking for sys/mount.h ... found checking for sys/statvfs.h ... found checking for crypt.h ... found checking for Linux specific features checking for epoll ... found checking for EPOLLRDHUP ... found checking for EPOLLEXCLUSIVE ... found checking for eventfd() ... found checking for O_PATH ... found checking for sendfile() ... found checking for sendfile64() ... found checking for sys/prctl.h ... found checking for prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE) ... found checking for prctl(PR_SET_KEEPCAPS) ... found checking for capabilities ... found checking for crypt_r() ... found checking for sys/vfs.h ... found checking for UDP_SEGMENT ... found checking for nobody group ... found checking for poll() ... found checking for /dev/poll ... not found checking for kqueue ... not found checking for crypt() ... not found checking for crypt() in libcrypt ... found checking for F_READAHEAD ... not found checking for posix_fadvise() ... found checking for O_DIRECT ... found checking for F_NOCACHE ... not found checking for directio() ... not found checking for statfs() ... found checking for statvfs() ... found checking for dlopen() ... found checking for sched_yield() ... found checking for sched_setaffinity() ... found checking for SO_SETFIB ... not found checking for SO_REUSEPORT ... found checking for SO_ACCEPTFILTER ... not found checking for SO_BINDANY ... not found checking for IP_TRANSPARENT ... found checking for IP_BINDANY ... not found checking for IP_BIND_ADDRESS_NO_PORT ... found checking for IP_RECVDSTADDR ... not found checking for IP_SENDSRCADDR ... not found checking for IP_PKTINFO ... found checking for IPV6_RECVPKTINFO ... found checking for TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT ... found checking for TCP_KEEPIDLE ... found checking for TCP_FASTOPEN ... found checking for TCP_INFO ... found checking for accept4() ... found checking for int size ... 4 bytes checking for long size ... 8 bytes checking for long long size ... 8 bytes checking for void * size ... 8 bytes checking for uint32_t ... found checking for uint64_t ... found checking for sig_atomic_t ... found checking for sig_atomic_t size ... 4 bytes checking for socklen_t ... found checking for in_addr_t ... found checking for in_port_t ... found checking for rlim_t ... found checking for uintptr_t ... uintptr_t found checking for system byte ordering ... little endian checking for size_t size ... 8 bytes checking for off_t size ... 8 bytes checking for time_t size ... 8 bytes checking for AF_INET6 ... found checking for setproctitle() ... not found checking for pread() ... found checking for pwrite() ... found checking for pwritev() ... found checking for strerrordesc_np() ... found checking for localtime_r() ... found checking for clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) ... found checking for posix_memalign() ... found checking for memalign() ... found checking for mmap(MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED) ... found checking for mmap("/dev/zero", MAP_SHARED) ... found checking for System V shared memory ... found checking for POSIX semaphores ... found checking for struct msghdr.msg_control ... found checking for ioctl(FIONBIO) ... found checking for ioctl(FIONREAD) ... found checking for struct tm.tm_gmtoff ... found checking for struct dirent.d_namlen ... not found checking for struct dirent.d_type ... found checking for sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN) ... found checking for sysconf(_SC_LEVEL1_DCACHE_LINESIZE) ... found checking for openat(), fstatat() ... found checking for getaddrinfo() ... found configuring additional modules adding module in /www/server/nginx/src/ngx_devel_kit + ngx_devel_kit was configured adding module in /www/server/nginx/src/lua_nginx_module checking for LuaJIT library in /usr/local/lib and /usr/local/include/luajit-2.1 (specified by the LUAJIT_LIB and LUAJIT_INC env, with -ldl) ... found checking for LuaJIT 2.x ... found checking for Lua language 5.1 ... found checking for LuaJIT has FFI ... found checking for export symbols by default (-E) ... found checking for export symbols by default (--export-all-symbols) ... not found checking for SO_PASSCRED ... found checking for SA_RESTART ... found checking for malloc_trim ... found checking for pipe2 ... found checking for signalfd ... found checking for execvpe ... found + ngx_http_lua_module was configured adding module in /www/server/nginx/src/ngx_cache_purge + ngx_http_cache_purge_module was configured adding module in /www/server/nginx/src/ngx_http_substitutions_filter_module-master + ngx_http_subs_filter_module was configured adding module in /www/server/nginx/src/nginx-dav-ext-module + ngx_http_dav_ext_module was configured adding module in /usr/local/fastdfs-nginx-module/src + ngx_http_fastdfs_module was configured checking for zlib library ... found checking for libxslt ... found checking for libexslt ... found checking for GD library ... found checking for GD WebP support ... found creating objs/Makefile Configuration summary + using PCRE library: pcre-8.43 + using OpenSSL library: /www/server/nginx/src/openssl + using system zlib library nginx path prefix: "/www/server/nginx" nginx binary file: "/www/server/nginx/sbin/nginx" nginx modules path: "/www/server/nginx/modules" nginx configuration prefix: "/www/server/nginx/conf" nginx configuration file: "/www/server/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" nginx pid file: "/www/server/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" nginx error log file: "/www/server/nginx/logs/error.log" nginx http access log file: "/www/server/nginx/logs/access.log" nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp" nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp" nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp" nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp" nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp" ./configure: warning: the "--with-ipv6" option is deprecated [root@VM-24-11-opencloudos nginx-1.24.0]# make make -f objs/Makefile make[1]: Entering directory '/www/server/nginx/src/nginx-1.24.0' cd pcre-8.43 \ && if [ -f Makefile ]; then make distclean; fi \ && CC="cc" CFLAGS="-O2 -fomit-frame-pointer -pipe " \ ./configure --disable-shared /bin/sh: line 1: cd: pcre-8.43: No such file or directory make[1]: *** [objs/Makefile:2256: pcre-8.43/Makefile] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory '/www/server/nginx/src/nginx-1.24.0' make: *** [Makefile:10: build] Error 2
06-19
<think>好的,用户现在遇到了一个错误:“-bash: sbin/nginx: No such file or directory”,需要我来帮忙解决这个问题。首先,我需要弄清楚用户为什么会遇到这个错误。根据之前的对话历史,用户之前询问了关于运行`sbin/nginx -t -c conf/nginx.conf`命令的详细信息,现在他们在实际执行时遇到了路径问题。 首先,我应该分析错误信息。这个错误提示意味着系统在指定的路径下找不到nginx可执行文件。可能的原因有几个: 1. **相对路径问题**:用户可能没有在Nginx的安装目录下执行命令,导致相对路径`sbin/nginx`无法正确指向可执行文件。比如,如果Nginx安装在`/usr/local/nginx`,但用户当前在用户主目录,那么`sbin/nginx`显然不存在。 2. **安装问题**:可能用户根本没有安装Nginx,或者安装路径不同。有些系统通过包管理器安装的Nginx可能放在`/usr/sbin/nginx`或者`/usr/local/sbin/nginx`。 3. **权限问题**:虽然错误提示是文件不存在,但也有可能用户没有执行权限,但根据错误信息来看,权限问题可能不是当前的主要问题,不过可能需要后续检查。 接下来,我需要考虑用户可能的背景和使用场景。用户之前询问了测试Nginx配置的命令,现在尝试执行时遇到了路径错误,可能是在按照之前的指导操作,但没有正确进入目录或者路径有误。用户可能是刚接触Nginx的新手,对Linux系统的路径结构不太熟悉,或者没有正确安装Nginx。 然后,我需要思考如何分步骤引导用户解决问题。首先,应该确认Nginx是否已经安装,并找到正确的安装路径。如果已安装,指导用户使用绝对路径或者正确切换到安装目录。如果未安装,需要引导用户安装。此外,还要考虑权限问题,可能需要使用sudo或者调整文件权限。 可能的解决方案步骤包括: 1. **检查Nginx是否安装**:使用`which nginx`或`whereis nginx`命令,或者检查常见安装路径如`/usr/sbin/nginx`。 2. **使用绝对路径**:如果找到了nginx的位置,建议用户使用绝对路径执行命令,比如`/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c conf/nginx.conf`。 3. **切换到安装目录**:指导用户进入Nginx的安装目录,再使用相对路径执行。 4. **安装Nginx**:如果未安装,提供安装方法,如使用包管理器(apt、yum)或从源码编译。 5. **权限检查**:确保用户有执行权限,可能需要使用sudo。 同时,需要注意用户可能的其他问题,比如是否在正确的目录下拥有nginx.conf文件,或者配置文件路径是否正确,但当前错误主要是关于可执行文件不存在,因此先集中解决路径问题。 用户可能的深层需求是成功执行Nginx配置测试命令,因此需要确保他们能够正确找到并执行nginx二进制文件。同时,用户可能希望了解如何避免类似问题,比如正确使用绝对路径或环境变量设置。 最后,应该以清晰、分步骤的方式呈现解决方案,避免技术术语过多,并提供常见安装路径和命令示例,方便用户操作。此外,提醒用户注意权限问题和可能的后续步骤,如配置测试后的重载命令。</think>当你执行命令 `sbin/nginx -t -c conf/nginx.conf` 时,系统提示 `-bash: sbin/nginx: No such file or directory`,表示 **Bash 无法找到 `sbin/nginx` 这个可执行文件**。以下是可能的原因和解决方法: --- ### **原因分析** 1. **路径错误** - `sbin/nginx` 是相对路径,表示从当前目录进入 `sbin` 子目录查找 `nginx` 文件。 - 若当前目录下没有 `sbin` 目录(或 `sbin` 中没有 `nginx`),就会报此错误。 2. **Nginx 未正确安装** - 如果 Nginx 未安装,或安装路径与命令中的路径不匹配,也会导致文件不存在。 3. **权限问题**(较少见) - 若文件存在但无执行权限,错误信息会不同(如 `Permission denied`)。此处明确提示是路径问题。 --- ### **解决方案** #### 1. **确认 Nginx 的安装路径** - 执行以下命令查找 Nginx 的真实路径: ```bash which nginx # 查找可执行文件路径(例如 /usr/sbin/nginx) whereis nginx # 查找 Nginx 相关文件(二进制、配置、手册等) ``` - 如果输出类似 `/usr/sbin/nginx`,说明系统已安装 Nginx,但路径与你的命令不匹配。 #### 2. **使用绝对路径执行命令** - 假设找到的路径是 `/usr/sbin/nginx`,直接运行: ```bash /usr/sbin/nginx -t -c /path/to/nginx.conf ``` - 如果配置文件路径也需要调整,需替换为绝对路径(如 `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`)。 #### 3. **切换到 Nginx 安装目录(如果已知)** - 若 Nginx 安装在 `/usr/local/nginx`,则进入该目录后执行: ```bash cd /usr/local/nginx # 进入 Nginx 根目录 sbin/nginx -t -c conf/nginx.conf # 此时相对路径生效 ``` #### 4. **检查是否安装了 Nginx** - 如果 `which nginx` 无输出,说明未安装。根据系统选择安装方式: - **Ubuntu/Debian**: ```bash sudo apt update && sudo apt install nginx ``` - **CentOS/RHEL**: ```bash sudo yum install nginx ``` - **源码编译安装**: 参考 [Nginx 官方文档](https://nginx.org/en/docs/install.html)。 #### 5. **验证文件是否存在** - 手动检查文件是否存在: ```bash ls -l /usr/sbin/nginx # 检查常见路径 ls -l /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx # 检查源码安装路径 ``` --- ### **常见安装路径** - **包管理器安装**(如 apt/yum): - 二进制文件:`/usr/sbin/nginx` - 配置文件:`/etc/nginx/nginx.conf` - **源码编译安装**: - 二进制文件:`/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx` - 配置文件:`/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf` --- ### **其他注意事项** - **权限问题**: 如果文件存在但无法执行,尝试添加权限或使用 `sudo`: ```bash sudo chmod +x /path/to/nginx # 添加可执行权限 sudo /path/to/nginx -t -c /path/to/nginx.conf # 用 root 权限执行 ``` - **符号链接**: 可以将 Nginx 可执行文件链接到系统路径(如 `/usr/local/bin`): ```bash sudo ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/bin/nginx ``` 之后可直接执行 `nginx -t`。 --- ### **总结** - 错误的核心是 **路径不匹配**,需确保命令中的路径与实际安装路径一致。 - 若不确定路径,先用 `which nginx` 或 `whereis nginx` 定位文件位置。 - 安装或路径问题解决后,即可正常测试或运行 Nginx。
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