进程通信举例

最新推荐文章于 2024-12-03 08:00:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-12-03 08:00:00 发布

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分类专栏： C 文章标签： buffer null socket file button callback

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进程通信举例

1）剪贴板ClipBoard

2）窗口消息：

3）文件映射（File Mapping）：在32位系统中提供的新方法，可用来共享内存

4）远程数据写入/读取

5）管道（Pipe）：用于设置应用程序间的一条永久通讯通道，通过该通道可以象自己的应用程序访问一个平面文件一样读写数据。

6）邮件槽（Mailslots）：广播式通信,在32系统中提供的新方法，可以在不同主机间交换数据，在 WIN9X下只支持邮件槽客户

7）Windows套接字（Windows Socket）：它具备消息管道所有的功能，但遵守一套通信标准使的不同操作系统之上的应用程序之间可以互相通信。

数据发送端:

#include <windows.h> #include <winsock.h> #include "resource.h" #pragma comment(lib,"wsock32.lib") #define MAX_LENGTH 512 #define WM_SOCKET WM_USER+3 HINSTANCE g_hInstance; LRESULT CALLBACK DlgProc(HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM); TCHAR szMMFName[] = L"MAP_SHAREFILE"; HWND g_hDlg = NULL; int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpszCmdLine, int nCmdShow ) { g_hInstance = hInstance; DialogBoxParam(hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1),NULL,(DLGPROC)DlgProc,0); return (0); } void SendClipboardData(HWND hDlg,char *buffer) //数据写入粘贴板 { // 打开系统剪贴板. if (!OpenClipboard(NULL)) return; // 使用之前，清空系统剪贴板. EmptyClipboard(); // 分配一内存，大小等于要拷贝的字符串的大小，返回的内存控制句柄. HGLOBAL hClipboardData; hClipboardData = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_DDESHARE, strlen(buffer)+1); // 内存控制句柄加锁，返回值为指向那内存控制句柄所在的特定数据格式的指针. char * pchData; pchData = (char*)GlobalLock(hClipboardData); // 将本地变量的值赋给全局内存. strcpy(pchData, buffer); // 给加锁的全局内存控制句柄解锁. GlobalUnlock(hClipboardData); // 通过全局内存句柄将要拷贝的数据放到剪贴板上. SetClipboardData(CF_TEXT,hClipboardData); // 使用完后关闭剪贴板. CloseClipboard(); } HWND GetProcHWND() { HWND pWnd = FindWindow(NULL,L"DataRec_by:gongchao"); // 查找DataRec进程. return pWnd; } void SendCopyData(HWND hDlg,char *buffer) { HWND pWnd = GetProcHWND(); if(pWnd ==NULL){ MessageBox(hDlg,L"Unable to find DataRec_by:gongchao Process.",L"error",MB_OK); return; } COPYDATASTRUCT cpd; // 给COPYDATASTRUCT结构赋值. cpd.dwData = 0; cpd.cbData = strlen(buffer); cpd.lpData = buffer; SendMessage(pWnd,WM_COPYDATA,NULL,(LPARAM)&cpd);// 发送. return; } HANDLE ClientCreatePipeFile() { TCHAR szPipeName[]=L"////.//pipe//ssnp//"; return CreateFile(szPipeName, GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ| FILE_SHARE_WRITE,NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE|FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH, NULL); } HANDLE ClientCreateSlotFile() { TCHAR szMailslotName[]= L"////.//mailslot//sms"; // 为发送消息创建mailslot文件句柄. return CreateFile(szMailslotName, GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ| FILE_SHARE_WRITE,NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE|FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH, // FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH 设定阻塞. NULL); } UINT InitSocket(SOCKET *phSocket) { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 ); WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData ); *phSocket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0); WSAAsyncSelect(*phSocket,g_hDlg,WM_SOCKET,FD_READ|FD_WRITE); return 0; } void SendData(SOCKET hSocket,char *buffer) { sockaddr_in addr={0}; addr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); addr.sin_family = AF_INET; addr.sin_port = htons(9999);//设端口为9999 //发送数据 sendto(hSocket,buffer,strlen(buffer)+1,0,(const struct sockaddr*)&addr,sizeof(sockaddr_in)); return; } LRESULT CALLBACK DlgProc(HWND hwnd,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam) { HICON hIcon; char buffer[MAX_LENGTH]={0}; static int flag = 0; static HANDLE hMapFile = NULL; static HANDLE hPipe = NULL; static HANDLE hSMS_Slot = NULL; static SOCKET hSocket = NULL; char *lpMem=NULL; DWORD PID,dwNumBytesWritten; HANDLE hProcess; LPVOID lpBaseAddress; switch(uMsg) { case WM_INITDIALOG: g_hDlg = hwnd; //hIcon = LoadIcon(g_hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(MYICON)); //SetClassLong(hwnd,GCL_HICON,(long)hIcon); hMapFile = CreateFileMapping((HANDLE)-1,NULL,PAGE_READWRITE,0,4096,szMMFName);//创建内存映射对象 //初始化socket InitSocket(&hSocket); break; case WM_COMMAND: { switch(wParam) { case IDC_BUTTON1://通过粘贴板进行数据通信 RtlZeroMemory(buffer,MAX_LENGTH); GetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT1,buffer,MAX_LENGTH); SendClipboardData(hwnd,buffer); break; case IDC_BUTTON2://WM_COPYDATA消息 RtlZeroMemory(buffer,MAX_LENGTH); GetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT2,buffer,MAX_LENGTH); SendCopyData(hwnd,buffer); break; case IDC_BUTTON3://内存映射文件 RtlZeroMemory(buffer,MAX_LENGTH); GetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT3,buffer,MAX_LENGTH); hMapFile = OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_READ|FILE_MAP_WRITE,0,szMMFName); lpMem = (char *)MapViewOfFile(hMapFile,FILE_MAP_READ|FILE_MAP_WRITE,0,0,0); memcpy(lpMem,buffer,strlen(buffer)+1); CloseHandle(hMapFile);//关闭映射文件句柄 SendMessage(GetProcHWND(),WM_USER+1,0,0);//通知数据更新 break; case IDC_BUTTON4://远程数据写入 RtlZeroMemory(buffer,MAX_LENGTH); GetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT4,buffer,MAX_LENGTH); // 获取进程号. GetWindowThreadProcessId(GetProcHWND(), (DWORD*)&PID ); hProcess = OpenProcess (PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS,FALSE,PID); // 分配虚拟内存. lpBaseAddress = VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, 0, MAX_LENGTH, MEM_COMMIT, PAGE_READWRITE); // 把字符串写入hProcess进程的内存. WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, lpBaseAddress, buffer, strlen(buffer)+1, NULL); // 发送基址给DataRec_by:gongchaov进程. SendMessage(GetProcHWND(),WM_USER+2,0,(LPARAM)lpBaseAddress); // 等待接收程序接收数据. Sleep(100); // 释放虚拟内存. VirtualFreeEx(hProcess,lpBaseAddress, 0, MEM_RELEASE); break; case IDC_BUTTON5://管道通信 RtlZeroMemory(buffer,MAX_LENGTH); GetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT5,buffer,MAX_LENGTH); if(GetProcHWND() == NULL) { MessageBox(hwnd,L"SerProcess NOT run./n",L"ERROR",MB_OK); break; } if(hPipe == NULL) hPipe = ClientCreatePipeFile(); // 检查并判别命名管道文件是否被打开 if (hPipe == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE || hPipe == NULL){ MessageBox(hwnd,L"Unable to create a named pipe.",L"ERROR",MB_OK); break; } else //管道文件被打开，写入数据 WriteFile(hPipe,buffer, (DWORD)strlen(buffer)+1,&dwNumBytesWritten,(LPOVERLAPPED) NULL); break; case IDC_BUTTON6://邮件槽 RtlZeroMemory(buffer,MAX_LENGTH); GetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT6,buffer,MAX_LENGTH); if(GetProcHWND() == NULL) { MessageBox(hwnd,L"SerProcess NOT run./n",L"ERROR",MB_OK); break; } if(hSMS_Slot == NULL) hSMS_Slot = ClientCreateSlotFile(); // 检查并判别命名管道文件是否被打开 if (hSMS_Slot == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE || hSMS_Slot == NULL){ MessageBox(hwnd,L"Unable to Open SMS_SLOTS./n",L"ERROR",MB_OK); break; } else //邮件槽文件被打开，写入数据 WriteFile(hSMS_Slot,buffer, (DWORD)strlen(buffer)+1,&dwNumBytesWritten,(LPOVERLAPPED) NULL); break; case IDC_BUTTON7://socket RtlZeroMemory(buffer,MAX_LENGTH); GetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT7,buffer,MAX_LENGTH); if(GetProcHWND() == NULL) { MessageBox(hwnd,L"SerProcess NOT run./n",L"ERROR",MB_OK); break; } //发送数据 SendData(hSocket,buffer); } } break; case WM_CLOSE: CloseHandle(hMapFile);//关闭映射文件句柄 CloseHandle(hPipe); CloseHandle(hSMS_Slot); closesocket(hSocket); WSACleanup(); EndDialog(hwnd,1); break; } return false; }

数据接收端:

#include <windows.h> #include <winsock.h> #include "resource.h" #pragma comment(lib,"wsock32.lib") #define WM_SOCKET WM_USER+3 #define MAX_LENGTH 512 HINSTANCE g_hInstance; LRESULT CALLBACK DlgProc(HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM); TCHAR szMMFName[] = L"MAP_SHAREFILE"; HANDLE hThreadPipSer = NULL,hThreadMailSlots = NULL; HWND g_hDlg = NULL; int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpszCmdLine, int nCmdShow ) { g_hInstance = hInstance; DialogBoxParam(hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1),NULL,(DLGPROC)DlgProc,0); return (0); } void GetClipboardData(HWND hDlg,char *buffer) { // 打开系统剪贴板. if (!OpenClipboard(NULL)) return; // 判断剪贴板上的数据是否是指定的数据格式. if (IsClipboardFormatAvailable(CF_TEXT)|| IsClipboardFormatAvailable(CF_OEMTEXT)) { // 从剪贴板上获得数据. HANDLE hClipboardData = GetClipboardData(CF_TEXT); // 通过给内存句柄加锁，获得指向指定格式数据的指针. char *pchData = (char*)GlobalLock(hClipboardData); // 本地变量获得数据. strcpy(buffer,pchData); // 给内存句柄解锁. GlobalUnlock(hClipboardData); } else { MessageBox(hDlg,L"There is no text (ANSI) data on the Clipboard.",L"error",MB_OK); } // 使用完后关闭剪贴板. CloseClipboard(); } void NamedPipeReadProc(HANDLE hPipe) { DWORD dwNumBytesRead,dwNumBytesWrite; char toDisptxt[80]; // 允许客户连接命名管道,如果不成功，终止. if(!ConnectNamedPipe(hPipe, (LPOVERLAPPED) NULL)) { MessageBox(g_hDlg,L"Unable to connect a named pipe",L"error",MB_OK); CloseHandle(hPipe); return ; } // 反复检查消息直到程序终止. while(1) { // 读取消息并检查读取数据是否成功. if (!ReadFile(hPipe, toDisptxt,sizeof(toDisptxt), &dwNumBytesRead, (LPOVERLAPPED) NULL)) { MessageBox(g_hDlg,L"Unable to read from named pipe." ,L"ERROR",MB_OK); CloseHandle(hPipe); return; } SetDlgItemTextA(g_hDlg,IDC_EDIT5,toDisptxt); } return ; } HANDLE ServerCreateNamedPipe() { TCHAR szPipeName[]=L"////.//pipe//ssnp//"; // 为接收消息创建命名管道. HANDLE hPipe=CreateNamedPipe(szPipeName, PIPE_ACCESS_DUPLEX|FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH, // 阻塞模式. PIPE_WAIT|PIPE_TYPE_BYTE, PIPE_UNLIMITED_INSTANCES, 128,128,NULL,NULL); // 检查是否命名管道被创建. if (hPipe == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { MessageBox(g_hDlg,L"Unable to create a named pipe./n",L"error",MB_OK); return NULL; } hThreadPipSer = CreateThread(NULL,0,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE )NamedPipeReadProc ,hPipe,0,0); return hPipe; } UINT MailSlotsReadProc(HANDLE hSMS_Slot) { DWORD dwNextSize; DWORD dwMsgs; DWORD dwNumBytesRead; BOOL bStatus; char toDisptxt[100]; // 反复检查消息直到程序终止. while(1) { bStatus=GetMailslotInfo(hSMS_Slot,(LPDWORD) NULL, &dwNextSize, &dwMsgs,(LPDWORD) NULL); if (!bStatus) { MessageBox(g_hDlg,L"Unable to get status.",L"Error",MB_OK); CloseHandle(hSMS_Slot); return 1; } // 如果有消息,获取它. if (dwMsgs&&dwNextSize!=-1) { // 读取消息并检查读取是否成功. if (!ReadFile(hSMS_Slot, toDisptxt, dwNextSize,&dwNumBytesRead, (LPOVERLAPPED) NULL)) { MessageBox(g_hDlg,L"Unable to read from mailslot.",L"Error",MB_OK); CloseHandle(hSMS_Slot); return 1; } else{ // 打印消息. SetDlgItemTextA(g_hDlg,IDC_EDIT6,toDisptxt); } } else Sleep(250); } return 0; } HANDLE ServerCreateMailSlots() { TCHAR szMailslotName[]=L"////.//mailslot//sms"; //建立邮件槽 HANDLE hSMS_Slot=CreateMailslot(szMailslotName,0, 0, (LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES) NULL); // 检查mailslot是否被创建. if (hSMS_Slot == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { MessageBox(g_hDlg,L"Unable to create mailslot. ",L"error",MB_OK); return NULL; } hThreadMailSlots=CreateThread(NULL,0,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE )MailSlotsReadProc,hSMS_Slot,0,NULL); // 启动线程. return hSMS_Slot; } UINT InitSocket(SOCKET *phSocket) { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 ); WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData ); *phSocket = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0); WSAAsyncSelect(*phSocket,g_hDlg,WM_SOCKET,FD_READ); sockaddr_in addr={0}; addr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr =INADDR_ANY; addr.sin_family = AF_INET; addr.sin_port = htons(9999);//设端口为9999 bind(*phSocket,(const sockaddr *)&addr,sizeof(addr)); return 0; } void revData(SOCKET hSocket, char *buffer) { sockaddr_in addr={0}; int len_add = sizeof(addr); recvfrom(hSocket,buffer,MAX_LENGTH,0,(sockaddr *)&addr,&len_add); } LRESULT CALLBACK DlgProc(HWND hwnd,UINT uMsg,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam) { HICON hIcon; char buffer[MAX_LENGTH]={0}; PCOPYDATASTRUCT pMyCDS; char *lpMem=NULL; HANDLE hMapFile = NULL; HANDLE hProcess=NULL; static HANDLE hPipe = NULL; static HANDLE hSMS_Slot = NULL; static SOCKET hSocket = NULL; switch(uMsg) { case WM_INITDIALOG: //hIcon = LoadIcon(g_hInstance,MAKEINTRESOURCE(MYICON)); //SetClassLong(hwnd,GCL_HICON,(long)hIcon); g_hDlg = hwnd; hPipe = ServerCreateNamedPipe();//创建管道服务 hSMS_Slot = ServerCreateMailSlots();//创建邮件槽服务 InitSocket(&hSocket);//初始化SOCKET break; case WM_COPYDATA: //通过COPYDATA进行数据通信 pMyCDS = (PCOPYDATASTRUCT)lParam; RtlZeroMemory(buffer,MAX_LENGTH); memcpy(buffer,(char *)pMyCDS->lpData,pMyCDS->cbData); SetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT2, buffer); break; case WM_USER+1: //通过内存映射文件获得数据 hMapFile = OpenFileMapping(FILE_MAP_READ|FILE_MAP_WRITE,0,szMMFName); lpMem = (char *)MapViewOfFile(hMapFile,FILE_MAP_READ|FILE_MAP_WRITE,0,0,0); SetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT3,lpMem); CloseHandle(hMapFile); break; case WM_USER+2://远程数据写入 ReadProcessMemory(GetCurrentProcess(), (LPVOID)lParam,buffer,MAX_LENGTH, NULL); SetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT4,buffer); break; case WM_SOCKET://socket消息 if((lParam&0xffff) == FD_READ){ revData(hSocket,buffer); SetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT7,buffer); } break; case WM_COMMAND: { switch(wParam) { case IDC_BUTTON1: //通过粘贴板进行数据通信 GetClipboardData(hwnd,buffer); SetDlgItemTextA(hwnd,IDC_EDIT1,buffer); break; case IDCANCEL: EndDialog(hwnd,1); break; } } break; case WM_CLOSE: CloseHandle(hMapFile);//关闭映射文件句柄 CloseHandle(hPipe); CloseHandle(hSMS_Slot); closesocket(hSocket); WSACleanup(); EndDialog(hwnd,1); break; } return false; }