更改hive表location指向

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-18 14:08:03 发布

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本文档详细介绍了如何使用SQL更新Hive的location字段，以实现数据存储路径的更改，同时提供了非分区表和分区表的操作示例。此外，还展示了如何使用awss3sync命令同步S3上的数据文件，确保数据迁移的完整性和一致性。适用于大数据环境中的数据治理和迁移场景。

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1.更改DBS表中的location字段

2.更改SDS表中的location字段

非分区表：

UPDATE DBS
JOIN TBLS
JOIN SDS ON DBS.DB_ID = TBLS.DB_ID
AND TBLS.SD_ID = SDS.SD_ID
SET SDS.LOCATION = REPLACE ( `LOCATION`, '原始路径前缀', '目标路径前缀‘ )
WHERE
DBS.`NAME` = '库名'
AND TBLS.TBL_TYPE = 'MANAGED_TABLE'
AND SDS.LOCATION LIKE ’原始路径前缀%'

分区表：

3.同步数据文件

aws s3 sync 原始路径目标路径

示例：

aws s3 rm s3://bigdata-database-meta-cn-northwest-1-prod/globalbi.db --recursive
aws s3 sync s3://bigdata-analysis-bikpi-cn-northwest-1/prod/global/globalbi s3://bigdata-database-meta-cn-northwest-1-prod/globalbi.db

非分区表：

UPDATE DBS
    JOIN TBLS
    JOIN `PARTITIONS`
    JOIN SDS ON DBS.DB_ID = TBLS.DB_ID
    AND TBLS.TBL_ID = `PARTITIONS`.TBL_ID
    AND `PARTITIONS`.SD_ID = SDS.SD_ID
SET SDS.LOCATION = REPLACE ( `LOCATION`, 's3://bigdata-analysis-bikpi-cn-northwest-1/prod/global/globalbi', 's3://bigdata-database-meta-cn-northwest-1-prod/globalbi.db' )
WHERE-- DBS.`NAME` = 'debi'
-- AND TBLS.TBL_TYPE = 'MANAGED_TABLE'
-- AND
SDS.LOCATION LIKE 's3://bigdata-analysis-bikpi-cn-northwest-1/prod/global/globalbi%'

SELECT
    DBS.`NAME`,
    TBLS.`TBL_NAME`,
    TBLS.TBL_TYPE,
    SDS.LOCATION
FROM
    DBS
    JOIN TBLS
    JOIN SDS ON DBS.DB_ID = TBLS.DB_ID
    AND TBLS.SD_ID = SDS.SD_ID
WHERE
    DBS.`NAME` = 'globalbi' -- AND TBLS.TBL_TYPE = 'MANAGED_TABLE'
-- AND
-- SDS.LOCATION LIKE 's3://bigdata-analysis-bikpi-cn-northwest-1/prod/global/globalbi%'

ORDER BY
    location

分区表：

UPDATE DBS
    JOIN TBLS
    JOIN `PARTITIONS`
    JOIN SDS ON DBS.DB_ID = TBLS.DB_ID
    AND TBLS.TBL_ID = `PARTITIONS`.TBL_ID
    AND `PARTITIONS`.SD_ID = SDS.SD_ID
SET SDS.LOCATION = REPLACE ( `LOCATION`, 's3://bigdata-analysis-bikpi-cn-northwest-1/prod/global/globalbi', 's3://bigdata-database-meta-cn-northwest-1-prod/globalbi.db' )
WHERE
-- DBS.`NAME` = 'debi'
-- AND TBLS.TBL_TYPE = 'MANAGED_TABLE'
-- AND
SDS.LOCATION LIKE 's3://bigdata-analysis-bikpi-cn-northwest-1/prod/global/globalbi%'

SELECT
    DBS.`NAME`,
    TBLS.`TBL_NAME`,
    TBLS.TBL_TYPE,
    `PARTITIONS`.TBL_ID,
    `PARTITIONS`.SD_ID,
    SDS.LOCATION
FROM
    DBS
    JOIN TBLS
    JOIN `PARTITIONS`
    JOIN SDS ON DBS.DB_ID = TBLS.DB_ID
    AND TBLS.TBL_ID = `PARTITIONS`.TBL_ID
    AND `PARTITIONS`.SD_ID = SDS.SD_ID
WHERE
    DBS.`NAME` = 'globalbi' -- AND TBLS.TBL_TYPE = 'MANAGED_TABLE'

    AND SDS.LOCATION LIKE 's3://bigdata-analysis-bikpi-cn-northwest-1/prod/global/globalbi%'
ORDER BY
    location