RabbitMQ路由模式RoutingKey模式

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-10 11:53:00 发布

Art&Code

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-10 11:53:00 发布

阅读量2.3w

点赞数 1

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

分类专栏： RabbitMQ

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/art_code/article/details/90509614

RabbitMQ 专栏收录该内容

13 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文介绍了RabbitMQ的RoutingKey模式，如何通过路由键来控制生产者和消费者的匹配。生产者发送消息时指定路由键，消费者队列绑定时需设定匹配的路由键，如'insert'，只有路由键匹配的队列才能接收到对应的消息，实现了对更新、插入和删除操作的精确控制。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

RabbitMQ路由模式RoutingKey模式

生产者发送消息到交换机并指定一个路由key，消费者队列绑定到交换机时要制定路由key（key匹配就能接受消息，key不匹配就不能接受消息）

例如：我们可以把路由key设置为insert ，那么消费者队列key指定包含insert才可以接收消息，消费者队列key定义为update或者delete就不能接收消息。很好的控制了更新，插入和删除的操作。

采用交换机direct模式

注：

前面做的demo中RoutingKey设置的空

RoutingKey有值的时候，那么经过消息队列之后，需要在经过 RoutingKey进行判断决定消费者

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.toov5.rabibitMQScribe</groupId>
  <artifactId>rabibitMQScribe</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  
  <dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
			<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
			<version>3.6.5</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
  
</project>

　producer

package com.toov5.routing;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.toov5.utils.MQConnectionUtils;

//生产者 交换机类型 producerFanout类型
public class RoutingProducer {
    //交换机名称
     private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "my_routing"; 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        //建立MQ连接
         Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.newConnection();
        //创建通道
          Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
          //生产者绑定交换机
          channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct");  //交换机名称  交换机类型
          String routingKey="email";
          //创建对应的消息 
          String msString = "my_Routing_destination_msg"+routingKey;
          //通过频道 发送消息
          System.out.println("生产者投递消息："+msString);
          channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, routingKey, null, msString.getBytes());
          //关闭通道 和 连接
          channel.close();
          connection.close();
    }
    
}

consumer:

package com.toov5.routing;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.toov5.utils.MQConnectionUtils;

//邮件消费者
public class ConsumerEmailRouting {
    private static final String EMAIL_QUEUE ="email_queue_routing";
    //交换机名称
   private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "my_routing"; 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
         System.out.println("邮件消费者启动");
        //建立MQ连接
         Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.newConnection(); 
        //创建通道
          Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
          
        //消费者声明队列
          channel.queueDeclare(EMAIL_QUEUE, false, false, false, null);
         //消费者队列绑定 路由
          channel.queueBind(EMAIL_QUEUE, EXCHANGE_NAME, "email");
          //消费者监听消息
      DefaultConsumer defaultConsumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
              //重写监听方法
             @Override
             public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                     throws IOException {             
                 String msg = new String(body,"UTF-8");
                 System.out.println("邮件消费者获取生产者消息"+msg);
             }
         };
         channel.basicConsume(EMAIL_QUEUE,true, defaultConsumer);   //绑定队列 事件监听
            
    }
}

package com.toov5.routing;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.toov5.utils.MQConnectionUtils;

//邮件消费者
public class ConsumerSMSRouting {
    private static final String SMS_QUEUE ="sms_queue_routing";
    //交换机名称
   private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "my_routing"; 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
         System.out.println("短信消费者启动");
        //建立MQ连接
         Connection connection = MQConnectionUtils.newConnection(); 
        //创建通道
          Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
          
        //消费者声明队列
          channel.queueDeclare(SMS_QUEUE, false, false, false, null);
         //消费者队列绑定 路由
          channel.queueBind(SMS_QUEUE, EXCHANGE_NAME, "email");
         channel.queueBind(SMS_QUEUE, EXCHANGE_NAME, "sms");
          //消费者监听消息
      DefaultConsumer defaultConsumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
              //重写监听方法
             @Override
             public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
                     throws IOException {             
                 String msg = new String(body,"UTF-8");
                 System.out.println("邮件消费者获取生产者消息"+msg);
             }
         };
         channel.basicConsume(SMS_QUEUE,true, defaultConsumer);   //绑定队列 事件监听
            
    }
}

运行结果：

绑定两个：