s10day112 内容回顾： 第一部分：爬虫相关 1. 谈谈你对http协议的理解？ 规范： 1. Http请求收发数据的格式 GET /index/ http1.1/r/nhost:xxx.com/r/n/r/n POST /index/ http1.1/r/nhost:xxx.com/r/n/r/nuser=xxx 2. 短连接（无状态） 一次请求一次响应之后，就断开连接 3. 基于TCP协议之上 sk = socket() sk.send('GET /index/ http1.1/r/nhost:xxx.com/r/n/r/n') 常见请求头有哪些？ host content-type user-agent cookies referer，上一次请求地址 常见的请求方法有哪些？ GET POST DELETE PUT PATCH OPTIONS 2. requests 用于伪造浏览器发送请求 参数： - url - headers - data - cookies 响应： - content - text - encoding='gbk' - headers - cookies.get_dict() 3. bs 用于解析HTML格式的字符串 方法和属性： - find - find_all - attrs - get - text 4. 套路 - 汽车之家 - 抽屉新闻：携带user-agent - 登录抽屉：第一访问保留cookie，登录时需要再次携带； - 自动登录github：获取csrf_token，到底携带那一个cookie 补充：自动登录github 第二部分：路飞相关 1. 公司的组织架构？ 开发： - 村长 - 前端姑娘 - 涛 - 云（产品+开发） UI：1人 测试：1人 运维：1人 运营：2人 销售：3人 班主任：1人 全职助教：2人 人事/财务：老男孩共享 2. 项目架构 - 管理后台(1) - 权限 - xadmin - 导师后台(1) - 权限 - xadmin - 主站(1+1+0.5+1) - restful api - vue.js 现在开发：题库系统 3. 涉及技术点： - django - django rest framework - vue.js - 跨域cors - redis - 支付宝支付 - 视频播放 - CC视频 - 保利 - 微信消息推送 - 已认证的服务号 - 发送模板消息 - content-type 今日内容： - 拉勾网 - 抖音 - requests - bs4 - 初识scrapy框架 内容详细： 1.拉勾网 - Token和Code存在页面上，自定义请求头上 - 重定向： - 响应头的Location中获取要重定向的地址 - 自己去处理 - 请求发送时需要携带上次请求的code和token 原则： - 完全模拟浏览器的行为 2. 爬抖音视频 3. requests模块 参数： url params headers cookies data 示例： request.post( data={ user:'alex', pwd:'sb' } ) user=alex&pwd=sb chrome: formdata json 示例： request.post( json={ user:'alex', pwd:'sb' } ) '{"user":"alex","pwd":"sb"}' chrome: request payload allow_redirecs stream files requests.post( url='xxx', files={ 'f1': open('readme', 'rb') } ) auth from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth, HTTPDigestAuth ret = requests.get('https://api.github.com/user', auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin')) print(ret.text) timeout ret = requests.get('http://google.com/', timeout=1) ret = requests.get('http://google.com/', timeout=(5, 1)) proxies proxies = { "http": "61.172.249.96:80", "https": "http://61.185.219.126:3128", } # proxies = {'http://10.20.1.128': 'http://10.10.1.10:5323'} ret = requests.get("https://www.proxy360.cn/Proxy", proxies=proxies) print(ret.headers) from requests.auth import HTTPProxyAuth auth = HTTPProxyAuth('username', 'mypassword') r = requests.get("http://www.google.com", proxies=proxyDict, auth=auth) 证书相关： cert verify session：自动管理cookie和headers（不建议使用） import requests session = requests.Session() i1 = session.get(url="http://dig.chouti.com/help/service") i2 = session.post( url="http://dig.chouti.com/login", data={ 'phone': "8615131255089", 'password': "xxooxxoo", 'oneMonth': "" } ) i3 = session.post( url="http://dig.chouti.com/link/vote?linksId=8589523" ) print(i3.text) 4. bs4 参考示例：https://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/6283017.html 预习： 1. 安装scrapy https://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/6229292.html a. 下载twisted http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#twisted b. 安装wheel pip3 install wheel c. 安装twisted pip3 install Twisted‑18.7.0‑cp36‑cp36m‑win_amd64.whl d. 安装pywin32 pip3 install pywin32 e. 安装scrapy pip3 install scrapy
import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup r1 = requests.get( url='https://github.com/login' ) s1 = BeautifulSoup(r1.text,'html.parser') token = s1.find(name='input',attrs={'name':'authenticity_token'}).get('value') r1_cookie_dict = r1.cookies.get_dict() r2 = requests.post( url='https://github.com/session', data={ 'commit':'Sign in', 'utf8':'✓', 'authenticity_token':token, 'login':'wupeiqi@live.com', 'password':'sdfasdfasdfasdf' }, cookies=r1_cookie_dict ) r2_cookie_dict = r2.cookies.get_dict() r3 = requests.get( url='https://github.com/settings/emails', cookies=r2_cookie_dict ) print(r3.text)
import re import requests all_cookie_dict = {} # ##################################### 第一步：访问登录页面 ##################################### r1 = requests.get( url='https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36' } ) token = re.findall("X_Anti_Forge_Token = '(.*)';",r1.text)[0] code = re.findall("X_Anti_Forge_Code = '(.*)';",r1.text)[0] r1_cookie_dict = r1.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r1_cookie_dict) # ##################################### 第二步：去登陆 ##################################### r2 = requests.post( url='https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.json', data={ 'isValidate':'true', 'username':'15131255089', 'password':'647541545465', 'request_form_verifyCode':'', 'submit':'' }, headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'X-Requested-With':'XMLHttpRequest', 'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8', 'Host':'passport.lagou.com', 'Origin':'https://passport.lagou.com', 'Referer':'https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', 'X-Anit-Forge-Code':code, 'X-Anit-Forge-Token':token }, cookies=all_cookie_dict ) r2_response_json = r2.json() r2_cookie_dict = r2.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r2_cookie_dict) # ##################################### 第三步：grant ##################################### r3 = requests.get( url='https://passport.lagou.com/grantServiceTicket/grant.html', headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Referer':'https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', 'Host':'passport.lagou.com', }, cookies=all_cookie_dict, allow_redirects=False ) r3_cookie_dict = r3.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r3_cookie_dict) # ##################################### 第四步：action ##################################### r4 = requests.get( url=r3.headers['Location'], headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Referer':'https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', 'Host':'www.lagou.com', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1', }, cookies=all_cookie_dict, allow_redirects=False ) r4_cookie_dict = r4.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r4_cookie_dict) # ##################################### 第五步：获取认证信息 ##################################### r5 = requests.get( url=r4.headers['Location'], headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Referer':'https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', 'Host':'www.lagou.com', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1', }, cookies=all_cookie_dict, allow_redirects=False ) r5_cookie_dict = r5.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r5_cookie_dict) print(r5.headers['Location']) # ##################################### 第六步：我的邀请 ##################################### r = requests.get( url='https://www.lagou.com/mycenter/invitation.html', headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Host':'www.lagou.com', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1', 'Pragma':'no-cache', }, cookies=all_cookie_dict ) print('wupeiqi' in r.text)
import re import requests all_cookie_dict = {} # ##################################### 第一步：访问登录页面 ##################################### r1 = requests.get( url='https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36' } ) token = re.findall("X_Anti_Forge_Token = '(.*)';",r1.text)[0] code = re.findall("X_Anti_Forge_Code = '(.*)';",r1.text)[0] r1_cookie_dict = r1.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r1_cookie_dict) # ##################################### 第二步：去登陆 ##################################### r2 = requests.post( url='https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.json', data={ 'isValidate':'true', 'username':'15131255089', 'password':'4565465', 'request_form_verifyCode':'', 'submit':'' }, headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'X-Requested-With':'XMLHttpRequest', 'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8', 'Host':'passport.lagou.com', 'Origin':'https://passport.lagou.com', 'Referer':'https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', 'X-Anit-Forge-Code':code, 'X-Anit-Forge-Token':token }, cookies=all_cookie_dict ) r2_response_json = r2.json() r2_cookie_dict = r2.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r2_cookie_dict) # ##################################### 第三步：grant ##################################### r3 = requests.get( url='https://passport.lagou.com/grantServiceTicket/grant.html', headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Referer':'https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', 'Host':'passport.lagou.com', }, cookies=all_cookie_dict, allow_redirects=False ) r3_cookie_dict = r3.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r3_cookie_dict) # ##################################### 第四步：action ##################################### r4 = requests.get( url=r3.headers['Location'], headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Referer':'https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', 'Host':'www.lagou.com', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1', }, cookies=all_cookie_dict, allow_redirects=False ) r4_cookie_dict = r4.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r4_cookie_dict) # ##################################### 第五步：获取认证信息 ##################################### r5 = requests.get( url=r4.headers['Location'], headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Referer':'https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', 'Host':'www.lagou.com', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1', }, cookies=all_cookie_dict, allow_redirects=False ) r5_cookie_dict = r5.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r5_cookie_dict) print(r5.headers['Location']) # ##################################### 第六步 ##################################### r6 = requests.get( url=r5.headers['Location'], headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Referer':'https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', 'Host':'www.lagou.com', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1', }, cookies=all_cookie_dict, allow_redirects=False ) r6_cookie_dict = r6.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r6_cookie_dict) print(r6.headers['Location']) # ##################################### 第七步 ##################################### r7 = requests.get( url=r6.headers['Location'], headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Referer':'https://passport.lagou.com/login/login.html', 'Host':'www.lagou.com', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1', }, cookies=all_cookie_dict, allow_redirects=False ) r7_cookie_dict = r7.cookies.get_dict() all_cookie_dict.update(r7_cookie_dict) # ##################################### 第八步：查看个人信息 ##################################### r8 = requests.get( url='https://gate.lagou.com/v1/neirong/account/users/0/', headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Host':'gate.lagou.com', 'Pragma':'no-cache', 'Referer':'https://account.lagou.com/v2/account/userinfo.html', 'X-L-REQ-HEADER':'{deviceType:1}' }, cookies=all_cookie_dict ) r8_response_json = r8.json() # print(r8_response_json) all_cookie_dict.update(r8.cookies.get_dict()) # ##################################### 第九步：查看个人信息 ##################################### r9 = requests.put( url='https://gate.lagou.com/v1/neirong/account/users/0/', headers={ 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36', 'Host':'gate.lagou.com', 'Origin':'https://account.lagou.com', 'Referer':'https://account.lagou.com/v2/account/userinfo.html', 'X-L-REQ-HEADER':'{deviceType:1}', 'X-Anit-Forge-Code':r8_response_json.get('submitCode'), 'X-Anit-Forge-Token':r8_response_json.get('submitToken'), 'Content-Type':'application/json;charset=UTF-8', }, json={"userName":"wupeiqi999","sex":"MALE","portrait":"images/myresume/default_headpic.png","positionName":"...","introduce":"...."}, cookies=all_cookie_dict ) print(r9.text)
爬抖音
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navigator = { userAgent:"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36" } !function (t) { if (t.__M = t.__M || {}, !t.__M.require) { var e, n, r = "<head> <meta charset=\"utf-8\"><title>快来加入抖音短视频，让你发现最有趣的我！</title><meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=0,minimum-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,minimal-ui,viewport-fit=cover\"><meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no\"><meta name=\"baidu-site-verification\" content=\"szjdG38sKy\"><meta name=\"keywords\" content=\"抖音、抖音音乐、抖音短视频、抖音官网、amemv\"><meta name=\"description\" content=\"抖音短视频-记录美好生活的视频平台\"><meta name=\"apple-mobile-web-app-capable\" content=\"yes\"><meta name=\"apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style\" content=\"default\"><link rel=\"apple-touch-icon-precomposed\" href=\"//s3.bytecdn.cn/ies/resource/falcon/douyin_falcon/static/image/logo/logo_launcher_v2_40f12f4.png\"><link rel=\"shortcut icon\" 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import requests
user_id = '58841646784' # 6556303280
# 获取小姐姐的所有作品
"""
signature = _bytedAcrawler.sign('用户ID')
douyin_falcon:node_modules/byted-acrawler/dist/runtime
"""
import subprocess
signature = subprocess.getoutput('node s1.js %s' %user_id)
user_video_list = []
# ############################# 获取个人作品 ##########################
user_video_params = {
'user_id': str(user_id),
'count': '21',
'max_cursor': '0',
'aid': '1128',
'_signature': signature,
'dytk': 'b4dceed99803a04a1c4395ffc81f3dbc' # '114f1984d1917343ccfb14d94e7ce5f5'
}
def get_aweme_list(max_cursor=None):
if max_cursor:
user_video_params['max_cursor'] = str(max_cursor)
res = requests.get(
url="https://www.douyin.com/aweme/v1/aweme/post/",
params=user_video_params,
headers={
'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36',
'x-requested-with':'XMLHttpRequest',
'referer':'https://www.douyin.com/share/user/58841646784',
}
)
content_json = res.json()
aweme_list = content_json.get('aweme_list', [])
user_video_list.extend(aweme_list)
if content_json.get('has_more') == 1:
return get_aweme_list(content_json.get('max_cursor'))
get_aweme_list()
# ############################# 获取喜欢作品 ##########################
favor_video_list = []
favor_video_params = {
'user_id': str(user_id),
'count': '21',
'max_cursor': '0',
'aid': '1128',
'_signature': signature,
'dytk': 'b4dceed99803a04a1c4395ffc81f3dbc'
}
def get_favor_list(max_cursor=None):
if max_cursor:
favor_video_params['max_cursor'] = str(max_cursor)
res = requests.get(
url="https://www.douyin.com/aweme/v1/aweme/favorite/",
params=favor_video_params,
headers={
'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36',
'x-requested-with':'XMLHttpRequest',
'referer':'https://www.douyin.com/share/user/58841646784',
}
)
content_json = res.json()
aweme_list = content_json.get('aweme_list', [])
favor_video_list.extend(aweme_list)
if content_json.get('has_more') == 1:
return get_favor_list(content_json.get('max_cursor'))
get_favor_list()
# ############################# 视频下载 ##########################
for item in user_video_list:
video_id = item['video']['play_addr']['uri']
video = requests.get(
url='https://aweme.snssdk.com/aweme/v1/playwm/',
params={
'video_id':video_id
},
headers={
'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36',
'x-requested-with': 'XMLHttpRequest',
'referer': 'https://www.douyin.com/share/user/58841646784',
},
stream=True
)
file_name = video_id + '.mp4'
with open(file_name,'wb') as f:
for line in video.iter_content():
f.write(line)
for item in favor_video_list:
video_id = item['video']['play_addr']['uri']
video = requests.get(
url='https://aweme.snssdk.com/aweme/v1/playwm/',
params={
'video_id':video_id
},
headers={
'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36',
'x-requested-with': 'XMLHttpRequest',
'referer': 'https://www.douyin.com/share/user/58841646784',
},
stream=True
)
file_name = video_id + '.mp4'
with open(file_name, 'wb') as f:
for line in video.iter_content():
f.write(line)
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