配置IPv6

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本文介绍了在CentOS系统上配置IPv6的详细步骤，包括加载ipv6模块、设置网络配置文件，并探讨了在配置过程中遇到的问题，如在ifcfg-anzi文件中添加IPv6地址失败的原因。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

http://serverfault.com/questions/405661/centos-eth0-not-starting-on-boot?rq=1

http://ipv6.tsinghua.edu.cn/guide/linux-ipv6-di-zhi/

1、加载ipv6模块：
insmod ipv6

lsmod |grep ipv6

ipv6 321422 63 streams_strmip

2、设置ipv6：
在/etc/sysconfig/network中增加

NETWORKING_IPV6=yes

在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-XXX中增加：

IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6ADDR=YOURIPV6ADDRESS

在/etc/sysconfig/network"中增加：

IPV6_DEFAULTGW=YOURGATEWAY

在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ipv6得到如下信息：

# Uses following information from "/etc/sysconfig/network":

# IPV6_DEFAULTDEV=<device>: controls default route (optional)

# IPV6_DEFAULTGW=<address>: controls default route (optional)

#

# Uses following information from "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$1":

# IPV6INIT=yes|no: controls IPv6 configuration for this interface

# IPV6ADDR=<IPv6 address>[/<prefix length>]: specify primary static IPv6 address

# IPV6ADDR_SECONDARIES="<IPv6 address>[/<prefix length>] ..." (optional)

# IPV6_ROUTER=yes|no: controls IPv6 autoconfiguration (no: multi-homed interface without routing)

# IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes|no: controls IPv6 autoconfiguration

# defaults:

# IPV6FORWARDING=yes: IPV6_AUTOCONF=no, IPV6_ROUTER=yes

# IPV6FORWARDING=no: IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

# IPV6_MTU=<MTU for IPv6>: controls IPv6 MTU for this link (optional)

# IPV6_PRIVACY="rfc3041": control IPv6 privacy (optional)

# This script only supports "rfc3041" (if kernel supports it)

#

# Optional for 6to4 tunneling (hardwired name of tunnel device is "tun6to4"):

# IPV6TO4INIT=yes|no: controls 6to4 tunneling setup

# IPV6TO4_RELAY=<IPv4 address>: IPv4 address of the remote 6to4 relay (default: 192.88.99.1)

# IPV6TO4_MTU=<MTU for IPv6>: controls IPv6 MTU for the 6to4 link (optional, default is MTU of interface - 20)

# IPV6TO4_IPV4ADDR=<IPv4 address>: overwrite local IPv4 address (optional)

# IPV6TO4_ROUTING="<device>-<suffix>/<prefix length> ...": information to setup additional interfaces

# Example: IPV6TO4_ROUTING="eth0-:f101::1/64 eth1-:f102::1/64"

#

# Optional for 6to4 tunneling to trigger radvd:

# IPV6_CONTROL_RADVD=yes|no: controls radvd triggering (optional)

# IPV6_RADVD_PIDFILE=<file>: PID file of radvd for sending signals, default is "/var/run/radvd/radvd.pid" (optional)

# IPV6_RADVD_TRIGGER_ACTION=startstop|reload|restart|SIGHUP: how to trigger radvd (optional, default is SIGHUP)

#

# Required version of radvd to use 6to4 prefix recalculation

# 0.6.2p3 or newer supporting option "Base6to4Interface"

# Required version of radvd to use dynamic ppp links

# 0.7.0 + fixes or newer

Debian: 在/etc/network/interfaces中维护；
Redhat CentOS Fedora: 在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0中维护：
- 在/etc/sysconfig/network中添加
  - NETWORKING_IPV6=yes
- 在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0中添加
  - IPV6INIT=yes
  - IPV6ADDR=2001:da8:8003:801:202:120:1:1
  - IPV6_DEFAULTGW=2001:da8:8003:801::1%eth0

/etc/init.d/network --- 传统方法

NetworkManager --- 一个工具；

system-config-network --- ？？

system-config-services --- ？？

疑问：

发现在ifcfg-eth0中添加，可以成功。
但在ifcfg-anzi（其中包含DEVICE=eth0:oam）中添加，则失败。通过set -x打开shell跟踪语句，可以看到如下流程：

/etc/init.d/network --> ifup-eth -> ifup-ipv6, ifup-post ---> /sbin/ifup-local

在ifup-ipv6和/sbin/ifup-local中都会执行/sbin/ip -6 addr add 2001:da8:8003:801:202:120:1:2/64 dev eth0，而第二次执行会返回“RTNETLINK answers: File exists”错误。why？？？

有些时候没有ifcfg-eth0文件，但可以手动写一个。