system memory 之 Memory Technology Types

最新推荐文章于 2025-10-11 06:30:00 发布
转载 最新推荐文章于 2025-10-11 06:30:00 发布 · 690 阅读 · 0
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#types #system

本文讨论了个人电脑中使用的各种主要类型的内存及其差异，并解释了这些技术类型如何在PC的不同功能中发挥作用，特别是与DRAM的区别。

This section discusses the main types of memory that are used in the PC, and their differences. The intention is to explain the various major technology types used for various functions within the PC.

Note: The system memory itself is made from DRAM, but the other types are explained here to show the other major technology types in use in the PC, and how they differ from DRAM. 
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Performance Endpoint for Linux (32-bit and 64-bit) File README Version 7.30 SP1 Copyright (C) 2003-2013 Ixia. All rights reserved. Ixia 26601 W. Agoura Road Calabasas, CA 91302 U.S.A. Web: www.ixiacom.com Phone: +1 818 871-1800 or + 1 877 FOR IXIA Fax: +1 818 871 1805 General information: Email: info@ixiacom.com Technical support: Email: support@ixiacom.com Thanks! We appreciate your interest in our software. We keep seeking ways to improve it; we welcome your feedback and suggestions. We continue to enhance and expand our Web site -- come and visit us. The latest versions of the endpoints are always available for free at http://www.ixiacom.com/support/endpoint_library/ Note that the Ixia Performance Endpoints have not been tested with NetIQ applications and may not function properly with NetIQ applications. Linux kernel 2.4.20 We've tested with packages that implement Linux kernel 2.4.20. We have not tested this version of Performance Endpoint with earlier versions of the Linux kernel. Only TCP and UDP/RTP support The Performance Endpoint for Linux uses the Sockets interface to the TCP/IP support shipped with Linux. IPX, SPX, or other network protocols are not supported in this version. For IPv6 support, kernel 2.4.18-3 or better is required. Here's what you need to run the endpoint program with Linux: - A computer capable of running Linux well. We recommend a CPU such as Intel Pentium III or better. For the 64-bit (x64) version of the endpoint you will need an AMD64/EM64T compatible CPU, such as AMD Opteron or an Intel Xeon with support for EM64T technology. For the 64-bit versions of the endpoint the corresponding 64-bit version of Linux is also required. - 64 MBytes of RAM. The total RAM requirement depends on RAM usage of the underlying protocol stack and the number of concurrent endpoint pairs. For tests involving over one hundred connections through a single endpoint, additional memory may be required. - A hard disk with at least 8 MBytes of space available. - Linux kernel 2.4.20 or better. Older versions of the Linux kernel may not support IPv6 properly. TAR-Based Endpoint Installation for Linux ------------------------------------------------------------------- Use the TAR-based installation if you are installing the endpoint on any Linux platform other than Red Hat (32-bit) or SuSE (64-bit). First, make sure that you are logged in as a "root" user. Also remember all commands and parameters discussed here are case-sensitive. Use the combination of uppercase and lowercase letters as shown below (for all the file names, "M" represents the major version and "m" represents the minor version). The following instructions describe how to install the endpoint on a computer with a CD-ROM drive. Put the CD-ROM in your CD-ROM drive. If you want to install the 64-bit version of the endpoint, replace the name of the archives (pelnx_Mm.tar.gz and pelnx_Mm.tar) from the following instructions with pelinux_amd64_Mm.tar.gz Enter the following commands, assuming your CD-ROM drive device name is /dev/cdrom and you are able to create a temporary directory named cdrom: mkdir /cdrom mount /dev/cdrom /cdrom The CD-ROM contains an archive of the endpoint package. First use the RM command to ensure a clean temporary install directory. Then use the TAR command to extract the archive contents from the CD-ROM: cd /tmp rm -fr temp tar -zxvf ./pelnx_Mm.tar.gz Next, run the endpoint's installation script to install the endpoint: ./endpoint.install The license agreement is shown, presented with the "more" command. Press the space bar until the end of the agreement is displayed. You are asked whether you accept the terms and conditions of the agreement. If you do, enter "accept_license" and press return. After the installation is complete, use the UMOUNT command to unmount the file system from the CD-ROM: umount /cdrom During installation, you will see several status messages. Pay close attention to the output. When the installation is successful, you see the message "Installation of endpoint was successful." The installation script and temporary directory are not removed automatically if the installation is successful. If you need the disk space after installing the endpoint, you may delete the temporary directory and installation script. Unattended Installation for TAR-Based Linux You can install the endpoint silently, that is, without providing any additional user input. Complete the steps, as described above, through the TAR command. Next, run the endpoint's installation, adding the "accept_license" parameter: ./endpoint.install accept_license Removing the TAR-Based Endpoint Package (Uninstall) You must be logged in as the root user to remove the endpoint package. If you need to remove the endpoint package from your hard disk, first stop the endpoint program (if running). Enter the following command: /usr/local/Ixia/endpoint -k Use the following command to remove the endpoint: /usr/local/Ixia/endpoint.remove If the removal is successful, you will see the following: "Removal of endpoint was successful." This removes the files from /usr/local/Ixia, except for any files added to this directory that were not present at install, such as the endpoint.ini file, but does not delete the directory. The remove program does not automatically delete files added to the directory that you may need if you reinstall the product. RPM-Based Endpoint Installation for Linux ------------------------------------------------------------------- Use the RPM-based installation if you are installing the endpoint on Red Hat (32-bit) or SuSE (64-bit). For installation, first make sure that you are logged in as a "root" user. Also remember all commands and parameters discussed here are case-sensitive. Use the combination of uppercase and lowercase letters as shown below (for all the file names, "M" represents the major version and "m" represents the minor version). The following instructions describe how to install the endpoint on a computer with a CD-ROM drive. Put the CD-ROM in your CD-ROM drive. If you want to install the 64-bit version of the endpoint, replace the name of the RPM file (pelnx_Mm.rpm) from the following instructions with pelinux_amd64_Mm.rpm Enter the following commands, assuming your CD-ROM drive device name is /dev/cdrom and you are able to create a temporary directory named cdrom: mkdir /cdrom mount /dev/cdrom /cdrom Copy the pelnx_Mm.rpm file from the CD-ROM drive to a local directory (for example, tmp). cp /cdrom/endpoint/linux/pelnx_Mm.rpm /tmp For RPM, use the RPM command to install the endpoint: rpm -Uvh /tmp/pelnx_Mm.rpm After the installation is complete, use the UMOUNT command to unmount the file system from the CD-ROM: umount /cdrom During installation, you will see several status messages. Pay close attention to the output. When the installation is successful, you see the message "Installation of endpoint was successful." Removing the RPM-Based Endpoint Package (Uninstall) You must be logged in as the root user to remove the endpoint package. If you need to remove the endpoint package from your hard disk, first stop the endpoint program (if running). Enter the following command: /usr/local/Ixia/endpoint -k Use the following command to remove the endpoint (you must be logged in as root to run this program): rpm -e endpoint If the removal is successful, you will see the following: "Removal of endpoint was successful." This removes the files from /usr/local/Ixia, except for any files that were added to this directory that were not present at install, such as the endpoint.ini file, and does not delete the directory. The remove program does not automatically delete files added to the directory that you may need if you reinstall the product. What We Do During Installation Here is what happens during the installation steps. The endpoint is installed into the directory /usr/local/Ixia. A directory is created with the following contents: - the executable programs. - the README file. - various install and uninstall programs. - the directory cmpfiles. This directory contains files with the .cmp file extension. These are files containing data of different types, such as typical text or binary data. These files are used by the endpoint as data on SEND commands. The different data types can be used to vary the data compression performance of your network hardware and software. - the file endpoint.ini. Our software ends any copy of the endpoint program currently running and starts a copy of the newly-installed endpoint. You can run tests immediately, without a reboot. Our software displays information on how to update your system to have the endpoint start automatically upon reboot. No changes are made to the PATH environment variable of the root user. *IxChariot is a registered trademark of Ixia. United States Patent Numbers 5,838,919, 5,881,237, 5,937,165, and 6,061,725. Other patents pending.啥意思
最新发布
10-16
我们被提供了一个关于Ixia Performance Endpoint for Linux的README文件内容，用户最后问“啥意思”，即要求解释这个文件的主要内容。 根据文件内容，这是Ixia公司开发的用于Linux系统的性能端点软件（Performance ...
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