OSPF综合实验

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-26 19:43:15 发布

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#网络

本文详细描述了一个实验，涉及MGRE网络架构，OSPF区域配置、RIP协议设置，以及安全措施如MD5认证，目标是减少LSA更新、保证网络收敛速度和安全性，实现全网可达。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

一、实验拓扑图

二、实验要求

1、R4为ISP，只能配置IP地址；R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP

2、R3-R5/6/7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点；

3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分；

4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回；

5、减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全；

6、全网可达。

三、实验步骤

1、配置实验拓扑图并给各个网段标明路由

2、配置各设备IP地址

[R1]int g 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.16.1 29
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.17.1 24

[R2]int g 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.16.2 29 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.18.1 24

[R3]int g 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.16.3 29
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.19.1 24
[R3]int s	
[R3]int Serial 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.3 24	
[ISP]int g 0/0/0
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.4 24
[ISP]int Serial 4/0/0
[ISP-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.4 24
[ISP]int Serial 4/0/1
[ISP-Serial4/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.4 24
[ISP-Serial4/0/1]q
[ISP]int Serial 3/0/0
[ISP-Serial3/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.4 24
[ISP-Serial3/0/0]q
[ISP]int l 0
[ISP-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24

[R5]int s	
[R5]int Serial 4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.5 24
[R5-Serial4/0/0]q
[R5]int l 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.1 24

[R6]int Serial 4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.6 24
[R6-Serial4/0/0]q
[R6]int l 0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.1 24
[R6-LoopBack0]q
[R6]int g 0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.1 30

[R7]int g 0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.7 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[R7-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.49.1 30

[R8]int g 0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad 172.16.49.2 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.49.5 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.48.1 24
[R8-LoopBack0]

[R9]int g 0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.49.6 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.66.1 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.64.1 24

[R10]int g 0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.66.2 30
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[R10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.65.1 24

[R11]int g 0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.2 30 
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[R11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.32.1 24
[R11-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.33.5 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]

[R12]int g 0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.6 30
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] 
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[R12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.128.1 18
[R12-LoopBack0]int l 1
[R12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.192.1 18
[R12-LoopBack1]q

3、MGRE环境配置以及OSPF、RIP配置

[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]ne	
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.16.0 0.15.255.255
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]are	
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]ab	
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.16.0 255.255.240.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 

[R5]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.2 24	
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 	
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.0.0.3 register 
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4
[R5][R5]interface Tunnel 0/0/0	
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
	
[R6]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.3 24
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 	
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.0.0.3 register 
[RW6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4
[R6]ospf 1		
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.33.1 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.240.0
	
[R7]interface  Tunnel 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.4 24	
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 	
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.0.1 34.0.0.3 register 
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]q	
[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4	
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.15.255.255
[R7]int t 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp	
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
[R7]ospf 1 	
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network  172.16.49.1 0.0.0.0
[R7]ospf 1	
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.48.0 255.255.240.0

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5	
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R1]ospf router-id 1.1.1.1	
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
[R1]ospf 1	
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub 

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2	
[R2-ospf-1]area 1	
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
[R2]ospf 1	
[R2-ospf-1]area 1	
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub 
	
[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8	
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255
	
[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9	
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.49.6 0.0.0.0
[R9]ospf 2
[R9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9	
[R9-ospf-2]area 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.64.0 0.15.255.255
[R9]ospf 1 
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[R9-ospf-1]q
[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1	
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.240.0

[R10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-1]area 4
[R10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255

[R11]ospf 1	
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]q
[R11-ospf-1]q	
[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255                    	
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255

[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12 	
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.33.6 0.0.0.0
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]q
[R12-ospf-1]rip 1
[R12-rip-1]ver 2
[R12-rip-1]undo summary
[R12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
[R12-rip-1]q
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[R12]ospf 1 
[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.128.0

[R6]ospf 1	
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary 

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]ar	
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary 

[R8]ospf 1
[R8-ospf-1]a	
[R8-ospf-1]area 3	
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa 

[R9]ospf  1
[R9-ospf-1]ar	
[R9-ospf-1]area 3	
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa 

[R11]ospf 1
[R11-ospf-1]ar	
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

[R12]ospf 1 
[R12-ospf-1]ar 	
[R12-ospf-1]area 2	
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa

4、配置OSPF认证信息以及RIP配置

[R1]ospf 1	
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456

[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]area 1	
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
	
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.16.0 0.0.15.255
[R3-acl-basic-2000]q
[R3]int Serial 4/0/0	
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

[R9-ospf-1]q
[R9]ospf 2	
[R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise 
[R9-ospf-2]int g 0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[R10]int g 0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456