使用idea2018搭建SSM框架

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-21 21:31:15 发布

KevinAdam

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-21 21:31:15 发布

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分类专栏： JavaWeb 文章标签： ssm maven 框架 idea java

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Zhang_Pengcheng/article/details/80969503

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本文详细介绍如何使用IDEA和Maven快速搭建SSM（Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis）框架，包括配置文件详解及测试代码示例。

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今天分享一下如何使用idea搭建SSM框架

前期准备

idea 2018.1.3

jdk1.8

apache-maven-3.5.2

apache-tomcat-8.5.20（可选）

搭建步骤

一、首先使用idea新建一个Maven webapp项目（new->project）

点击Finish，我们就已经新建一个了Maven webapp项目，第一次搭建可能会很慢，耐心的等待就行了。

二、搭建完整目录结构

通过步骤一我们已经新建好了一个了Maven webapp项目，但是目录结构并不是完整的，有些目录需要我们手动创建。下面我们就先将完整的目录结构创建出来。

注意：这里的目录建好之后还需要mark(右键目录出现下图，然后根据需要mark)一下，能够让idea识别目录作用（或者选择File-Project Structure进行设置）

三、编写配置文件

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <!-- maven 模板版本号-->
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <!--将来发布时的格式  java项目 默认为 jar web项目 一定是war-->
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <name>ssmDemo</name>
    <!-- 公司域名 org.apache.xxxx 标识-->
    <groupId>com.cherry</groupId>
    <!--当前项目名-->
    <artifactId>ssmDemo</artifactId>
    <!-- SNAPSHOT：快照 测试版     RELEASE：稳定版  FINAL：最终版-->
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <properties>
        <slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <jsp.version>2.2</jsp.version>
        <servlet.version>2.5</servlet.version>
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <spring-framework.version>3.2.4.RELEASE</spring-framework.version>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <hibernate.version>4.2.1.Final</hibernate.version>
        <logback.version>1.0.13</logback.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.16.20</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- java ee -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 实现slf4j接口并整合 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JSON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 数据库 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.41</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MyBatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mybatis/spring整合包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.14.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <!--解决Intellij构建项目时，target/classes目录下不存在mapper.xml文件-->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>6.1.7</version>
                <configuration>
                    <connectors>
                        <connector implementation="org.mortbay.jetty.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
                            <port>8888</port>
                            <maxIdleTime>30000</maxIdleTime>
                        </connector>
                    </connectors>
                    <webAppSourceDirectory>${project.build.directory}/${pom.artifactId}-${pom.version}
                    </webAppSourceDirectory>
                    <contextPath>/</contextPath>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

注意：在上面的配置文件中，使用idea搭建SSM框架时候target/classes目录下会找不到mapper.xml文件导致项目报错，我们需要在<build>标签中加入<resource>标签中的配置来解决idea找不到target/classes目录下的mapper.xml文件的问题。

logback.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "http://toolkit.alibaba-inc.com/dtd/log4j/log4j.dtd">
<log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j='http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/'
                     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                     xsi:schemaLocation="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/ ">
    <!-- ===================================================================== -->
    <!--  定义全局输出适配器                                                      -->
    <!-- ===================================================================== -->
    <appender name="consoleAppender" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
        <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
            <param name="ConversionPattern" value="[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}]-[%c]-[%t] %x - %m%n"/>
        </layout>
    </appender>
    <!-- Mybatis and SQL -->
    <logger name="org.apache.ibatis" additivity="true">
        <level value="DEBUG"/>
        <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender"/>
    </logger>
    <logger name="org.mybatis.spring" additivity="true">
        <level value="ERROR"/>
        <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender"/>
    </logger>
    <logger name="java.sql" additivity="true">
        <level value="DEBUG"/>
        <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender"/>
    </logger>

    <logger name="java.sql.Connection" additivity="true">
        <level value="DEBUG"/>
        <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender"/>
    </logger>

    <logger name="java.sql.Statement" additivity="true">
        <level value="DEBUG"/>
        <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender"/>
    </logger>
    <logger name="java.sql.PreparedStatement" additivity="true">
        <level value="DEBUG"/>
        <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender"/>
    </logger>
    <!-- Spring -->
    <logger name="org.springframework" additivity="true">
        <level value="ERROR"/>
        <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender"/>
    </logger>
    <!-- ActiveMQ -->
    <logger name="org.apache.activemq" additivity="true">
        <level value="ERROR"/>
        <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender"/>
    </logger>
    <!-- ===================================================================== -->
    <!--  根日志记录器                                                          -->
    <!-- ===================================================================== -->
    <root>
        <level value="DEBUG"/>
        <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender"/>
    </root>
</log4j:configuration>

在这里也给出log4j.properties的配置

#定义LOG输出级别
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
#定义日志输出目的地为控制台
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
#可以灵活地指定日志输出格式，下面一行是指定具体的格式
log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n

#文件大小到达指定尺寸的时候产生一个新的文件
log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
#指定输出目录
log4j.appender.File.File = logs/ssm.log
#定义文件最大大小
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
# 输出所以日志，如果换成DEBUG表示输出DEBUG以上级别日志
log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL
log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern =[%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%c]%m%n

以上只是基本配置，如果有其他需求，自行查阅log4j的相关资料。

jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#数据库地址
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
#用户名
jdbc.username=root
#密码
jdbc.password=931027
#最大连接数
c3p0.maxPoolSize=30
#最小连接数
c3p0.minPoolSize=10
#关闭连接后不自动commit
c3p0.autoCommitOnClose=false
#获取连接超时时间
c3p0.checkoutTimeout=10000
#当获取连接失败重试次数
c3p0.acquireRetryAttempts=2

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- 开启注解 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 -->
    <context:annotation-config/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.cherry.service"/>
    <!-- 配置数据库相关参数properties的属性：${url} -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${c3p0.maxPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="${c3p0.minPoolSize}"/>
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="${c3p0.autoCommitOnClose}"/>
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="${c3p0.checkoutTimeout}"/>
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="${c3p0.acquireRetryAttempts}"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory对象 mybatis集成spring-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 扫描model包 使用别名 -->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.cherry.entity"/>
        <!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 -->
        <!-- 加载映射文件 -->
        <!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations">
            <!-- 加载的是路径 -->
            <list>
                <value>classpath:com/cherry/dao/*.xml</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口，注入到spring容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.cherry.dao"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
    <!-- 开启注解 扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:annotation-config/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.cherry.controller"/>
    <!-- 开启SpringMVC注解驱动  扫描与mvc相关的注解 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <!-- 静态资源默认servlet配置 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!-- 配置jsp 显示ViewResolver 视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
    <!-- 编码过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <!-- 处理请求乱码 -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!-- 处理响应乱码 -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <!-- 配置springMVC分发器 DispatcherServlet 默认加载WEB-INF下的 《servlet-name》-servlet.xml配置文件====》spring-mvc.xml -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 配置springMVC需要加载的配置文件 通过初始化参数指定配置文件 然后就跟servlet-name中的值没有关系了-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!-- 大于等于1时，启动服务时实例化/初始化 -->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <async-supported>true</async-supported>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <!-- 匹配所有请求，此处也可以配置成 *.do 形式 -->
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <!-- spring的初始化配置 通过listener标签加载spring配置文件 默认到WEB-INF下加载名字叫applicationContext.xml -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- 通过context-param标签，加载指定的配置文件 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
</web-app>

配置到这里基本上环境就搭建完成了，下面我们开始通过代码进行测试

四、测试

首先创建数据库 DDL：

CREATE TABLE `user_info` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `sex` varchar(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

接下来我们将代码完善一下

UserController

package com.cherry.controller;

import com.cherry.entity.User;
import com.cherry.service.IUserService;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author zhangpcxy@163.com
 * @create 2018/7/9 9:59
 * @desc
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private IUserService userService;
    @RequestMapping("/showUser.do")
    public void selectUser(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        Integer id = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
        List<User> Users = this.userService.selectUser(id);
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        response.getWriter().write(mapper.writeValueAsString(Users));
        response.getWriter().close();
    }
}

IUserDao

package com.cherry.dao;
import com.cherry.entity.User;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author zhangpcxy@163.com
 * @create 2018/7/9 9:59
 * @desc
 */
public interface IUserDao {
    List<User> selectUser(Integer id);
}

User

package com.cherry.entity;
import lombok.Data;
import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @author zhangpcxy@163.com
 * @create 2018/7/9 10:00
 * @desc
 */
@Data
public class User implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 666534008757750297L;
    private Integer id;
    private String  name;
    private String sex;
}

IUserService

package com.cherry.service;
import com.cherry.entity.User;
import java.util.List;
/**
 * @author zhangpcxy@163.com
 * @create 2018/7/9 10:00
 * @desc
 */
public interface IUserService {
    List<User> selectUser(Integer id);
}

UserServiceImpl

package com.cherry.service.impl;
import com.cherry.dao.IUserDao;
import com.cherry.entity.User;
import com.cherry.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author zhangpcxy@163.com
 * @create 2018/7/9 10:01
 * @desc
 */
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {
    @Autowired
    private IUserDao studentDao;
    public List<User> selectUser(Integer id) {
        return this.studentDao.selectUser(id);
    }
}

UserDaoMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.cherry.dao.IUserDao">

    <resultMap id="user" type="com.cherry.entity.User">
        <result column="id" property="id"/>
        <result column="name" property="name"/>
        <result column="sex" property="sex"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="selectUser" resultMap="user">
        SELECT * FROM user_info WHERE id = #{id}
    </select>

</mapper>

代码完善完毕，接下里新建一个测试类，测试一下代码

IUserServiceTest

package com.cherry.service;

import com.cherry.entity.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author zhangpcxy@163.com
 * @create 2018/7/9 10:21
 * @desc
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class IUserServiceTest {
    @Autowired
    private IUserService userService;
    @Test
    public void selectUser() {
        Integer id = 1;
        List<User> student = userService.selectUser(id);
        System.out.println(student.toString());
    }
}

运行后结果如下

确认代码没有问题之后，我们接下来继续新建个页面来测试

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>test</title>
</head>
<script>
    function selectUser() {
        var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
        xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function () {
            if (xmlhttp.readyState == 4 && xmlhttp.status == 200) {
                document.getElementById("test").innerHTML = xmlhttp.responseText;
            }
        }
        xmlhttp.open("POST", "user/showUser.do", true);
        xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        xmlhttp.send("id=1");
    }
</script>
<body>
<p id="test">Hello World!</p>
<button type="button" onclick="selectUser()">onclick test</button>
</body>
</html>

接下来我们将这个项目不是到Tomcat中，然后运行看测试结果（下面顺便说一下部署的步骤)