Perfect Sequence(upper_bound

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Given a sequence of positive integers and another positive integer p. The sequence is said to be a perfect sequence if M≤m×p where M and m are the maximum and minimum numbers in the sequence, respectively.

Now given a sequence and a parameter p, you are supposed to find from the sequence as many numbers as possible to form a perfect subsequence.

Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains two positive integers N and p, where N (≤10
5
) is the number of integers in the sequence, and p (≤10
9
) is the parameter. In the second line there are N positive integers, each is no greater than 10
9
.

Output Specification:
For each test case, print in one line the maximum number of integers that can be chosen to form a perfect subsequence.

Sample Input:
10 8
2 3 20 4 5 1 6 7 8 9
Sample Output:
8

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include<vector>
#include<stack>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    int n,p;
    cin>>n>>p;
    long long a[n];
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
    	cin>>a[i];
	}
	sort(a,a+n);
	int ans=0;
	
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		ans=max((int)(upper_bound(a,a+n,a[i]*p)-(a+i)),ans);
	 } 
	 cout<<ans<<endl;
    return 0;
}