给定一个字符串数组,将字母异位词组合在一起。字母异位词指字母相同,但排列不同的字符串。
示例:
输入: ["eat", "tea", "tan", "ate", "nat", "bat"]
,
输出:
[
["ate","eat","tea"],
["nat","tan"],
["bat"]
]
思路: 没什么可说的,直接是先将各个字符串内部按照字典排序(开辟额外空间),然后根据排序后的结果组成若干个字符串的集合。另外现在知道了Python不同于C++,无法直接对字符串引用sort函数(参数错误),要先转成list再balabala,很麻烦。
解法1(在最后那个上万字符串的输入下,会TLE):
class Solution(object):
def groupAnagrams(self, strs):
"""
:type strs: List[str]
:rtype: List[List[str]]
"""
res = []
tmp = []
flag = [False] * len(strs) # 判断是否已添加相应字符串
# 字符串排序
for i in strs:
t1 = "".join((lambda x: (x.sort(), x)[1])(list(i)))
tmp.append(t1)
for i in range(len(tmp)):
if flag[i] == True:
continue
out = []
flag[i] = True
out.append(strs[i])
for j in range(i, len(tmp)):
if flag[j] == True:
continue
if tmp[j] == tmp[i]:
flag[j] = True
out.append(strs[j])
res.append(out)
return res
解法2(抄来的,利用hash即字典,建立对应字符串排序后作为键与原字符串作为值的映射):
class Solution(object):
def groupAnagrams(self, strs):
"""
:type strs: List[str]
:rtype: List[List[str]]
"""
res = []
dic = {}
for s in strs:
keys = "".join(sorted(s))
if keys not in dic:
dic[keys] = [s]
else:
dic[keys].append(s)
return list(dic.values())