C#控件中使用DirectX

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-16 22:36:10 发布

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本文介绍如何使用DirectX库实现基本图形渲染，包括窗口初始化、设备创建、顶点缓冲区设置、矩阵变换和渲染流程。通过创建自定义面板类和初始化图形设备，演示了如何在窗口中渲染简单的三角形。

添加Reference：

using Microsoft.DirectX;

using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;

从标准控件派生

public class xPanel:Panel { //控件不可见时，不进行渲染 protected override void OnResize(EventArgs eventargs) { base.OnResize(eventargs); pRender = ( !this.Visible); } }

初始化

public virtual bool InitilizeGraphics() { try { PresentParameters presentParm = new PresentParameters(); presentParm.Windowed = true; //窗口中显示，不能全屏 presentParm.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard; //后备缓存交换方式 presentParm.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true; //Enable自动深度测试 presentParm.AutoDepthStencilFormat = DepthFormat.D16;//深度缓冲区但愿：16 bit 二进制 device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, this, CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParm); //建立设备对象 device.DeviceReset += new EventHandler(OnResetDevice); this.OnCreateDevice(device, null); this.OnResetDevice(device, null); } catch (DirectXException) { return false; } return true; }

public Device device = null; public bool pRender = false; public VertexBuffer vertexBuffer = null; CustomVertex.PositionColored[] verts; public virtual void OnCreateDevice(object sender, EventArgs e) { Device dev = (Device)sender; vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(typeof(CustomVertex.PositionColored), 3, dev, 0, CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format, Pool.Default); vertexBuffer.Created+=new EventHandler(vertexBuffer_Created); vertexBuffer_Created(vertexBuffer, null); } //该函数内只能存放静态(不变)的参数 public virtual void OnResetDevice(object sender, EventArgs e) { Device dev = (Device)sender; dev.RenderState.CullMode = Cull.None; dev.RenderState.Lighting = false; }

窗口最小化/最大化以后，存储在显卡内的数据可能会丢失，因此需要Created事件。

public virtual void vertexBuffer_Created(object sender, EventArgs e) { verts = (CustomVertex.PositionColored[])vertexBuffer.Lock(0, 0); verts[0].Position = new Vector3(-1, -1, 0); verts[0].Color = Color.Aqua.ToArgb(); verts[1].Position = new Vector3(1, -1, 0); verts[1].Color = Color.Brown.ToArgb(); verts[2].Position = new Vector3(0, 1, 0); verts[2].Color = Color.LightPink.ToArgb(); vertexBuffer.Unlock(); }

世界变换，观察变换和投影变换

float angle = 0; float viewz = -6F; public virtual void SetupMatrices() { int itime = Environment.TickCount % 1000; angle = itime * (2F * (float)Math.PI) / 1000F; device.Transform.World = Matrix.RotationY(angle); device.Transform.View = Matrix.LookAtLH(new Vector3(0, 3, viewz), new Vector3(0, 0, 0), new Vector3(0, 1F, 0)); device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH((float)Math.PI / 4, 1F, 1F, 100F); }

Render 渲染

public virtual void Render() { if ((device == null)) return; if (pRender) return; device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target | ClearFlags.ZBuffer, Color.White, 1F, 0); SetupMatrices(); device.BeginScene();//开始 //渲染代码在这里 //...... device.SetStreamSource(0, vertexBuffer, 0);//使用VertexBuffer中的顶点 device.VertexFormat = CustomVertex.PositionColored.Format;//顶点格式 device.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 1);//绘制 //... device.EndScene();//结束 device.Present();//更新显示区域(一帧) }

在主窗口Form1中添加xPanel，并创建两个按钮，另：Render最好在新开的线程中启动。