Spring笔记

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-20 00:49:34 发布

Tintinc

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-20 00:49:34 发布

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文章标签： spring java 代理模式

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/Tintinc/article/details/127960938

Spring

笔记参考：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/qq_41286666/article/details/123786690

优点

Spring是一个开源的免费框架
Spring是一个轻量级、非入侵式的框架
控制反转（IOC），面向切面（AOP）
支持事务处理，对框架整合支持

总结：Spring就是一个轻量级的控制反转（IOC）和面向切面编程（AOP）的框架

控制： 谁来控制对象的创建，传统应用程序的对象是由程序本身控制创建的，使用Spring后，对象是由Spring来创建的

反转： 程序本身不创建对象，而变成被动的接收对象。

HelloSpring

引入配置

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  <version>5.3.23</version>
</dependency>

装配bean

<bean id="person" class="com.tintin.entry.Person">
        <property name="str" value="spring"/>
</bean>

获取容器

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
Person person = (Person) context.getBean("person");

System.out.println(person);

IOC创建对象方式&配置

使用无参构造创建对象（默认）

<bean id="person" class="com.tintin.entry.Person">
        <property name="str" value="spring"/>
</bean>
<!-- 取别名1 -->
<alias name="person" alias="newPersonName"/>
<!-- 取别名2 -->
<bean id="person" class="com.tintin.entry.Person" name="person2 person3 ...">
        <constructor-arg name="str" value="stringName"/>
</bean>

使用有参构造

方法一：下表赋值

<bean id="person" class="com.tintin.entry.Person">
        <constructor-arg index="0" value="constructor-0"/>
</bean>

方法二：类型

<bean id="person" class="com.tintin.entry.Person">
        <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="stringValue"/>
</bean>

方法三：参数名

<bean id="person" class="com.tintin.entry.Person">
        <constructor-arg name="str" value="stringName"/>
</bean>

applicatin.properties

<import resource="bean.xml"/>
<import resource="bean2.xml"/>
<import resource="bean3.xml"/>

依赖注入（三种方法）

依赖注入简单来说就是给类中的属性赋值。

1、构造器注入

参考：IOC创建对象方式&配置

2、SET注入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="address" class="com.tintin.entry.Address" c:address="广东省广州市"/>

    <bean id="student" class="com.tintin.entry.Student">
        <!--    第一种注入：普通值注入,value-->
        <property name="name" value="张三"/>
        <!--    第二种注入：bean注入，ref-->
        <property name="address" ref="address" />
        <!--    第三种注入：数组的注入-->
        <property name="books">
            <array>
                <value>book1</value>
                <value>book2</value>
                <value>book3</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <!--    list注入-->
        <property name="hobbys">
            <list>
                <value>hobbys1</value>
                <value>hobbys2</value>
                <value>hobbys3</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <!--    Map注入-->
        <property name="card">
            <map>
                <entry key="key1" value="value1"/>
                <entry key="key2" value="value2"/>
            </map>
        </property>
        <!--    Set注入-->
        <property name="games">
            <set>
                <value>set1</value>
                <value>set2</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <!--    Properties注入-->
        <property name="info">
            <props>
                <prop key="propertyKey1">propertyValue1</prop>
                <prop key="propertyKey2">propertyValue2</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <!--    null注入-->
        <property name="wife">
            <null></null>
        </property>

    </bean>

</beans>

3、p命令空间赋值

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

<bean id="person" class="com.tintin.entry.Person" p:str="p标签赋值" />
<bean id="person" class="com.tintin.entry.Person" c:str="c标签赋值" />
  
</beans>

事务

开启事务支持

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
	        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
	        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
		
		<!--开启注解的支持    -->
        <context:annotation-config/>
</beans>

注解开发

JAVA方式配置

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.kuang.pojo") //扫描包
@Import(MyConfig2.class)
public class MyConfig {
    //注册一个bean，就相当于之前写的bean标签。
    //方法的名字，相当于bean标签的id属性。
    //方法的返回值，相当于bean标签的class属性。
    @Bean
    public User getUser(){
        return new User(); //返回要注入bean的对象
    }
}

代理模式

（代理的是接口）

角色分析：

抽象角色：一般会使用接口或者抽象类解决。
真实角色：被代理的角色。
代理角色：代理真实角色，一般会做一些附属操作。
客户：访问代理对象的人。

要求：真实角色和代理角色都要实现同一个接口。

静态代理

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UserService.java

public interface UserService {
    public void add();

    public void select();
}

UserServiceImpl.java

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
    @Override
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("UserServiceImpl-add");
    }

    @Override
    public void select() {
        System.out.println("UserServiceImpl-select");
    }
}

Proxy.java

public class Proxy implements UserService {

    UserServiceImpl userService;

    public Proxy(UserServiceImpl userService) {
        this.userService = userService;
    }

    @Override
    public void add() {
        log("add");
        userService.add();
    }

    @Override
    public void select() {
        log("select");
        userService.select();
    }

    public void log(String method){
        System.out.println("log:" + method );
    }
}

Client.java

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        UserServiceImpl userService = new UserServiceImpl();

        Proxy proxy = new Proxy(userService);

        proxy.add();
    }
}

代理模式等好处

可以使角色操作更加存粹，不用去关注一些公共的业务
公共的业务交给代理觉得，实现了业务的分工
公共业务发生扩展时候，方便集中管理

缺点

一个真实角色就会产生一个代理角色，代码量会增加，开发效率会变低

动态代理

动态代理和静态代理角色一样
动态代理是动态生成的，不是直接写好的
动态代理分类：基于接口的动态代理、基于类的动态代理
- 基于接口——JDK动态代理
- 基于类——cglib
- java字节码实现——javasist

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//UserService
public interface UserService {
    public void add();

    public void select();
}

//UserServiceImpl
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
    @Override
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("UserServiceImpl-add");
    }

    @Override
    public void select() {
        System.out.println("UserServiceImpl-select");
    }
}

//ProxyInvocationHandler
public class ProxyInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler {

    private Object target;

    public void setTarget(Object target) {
        this.target = target;
    }

  
    //生成代理类
    public Object getProxy(){
        return Proxy.newProxyInstance(this.getClass().getClassLoader(), target.getClass().getInterfaces(), this);
    }
  
		//处理代理实例，并返回结果
    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        Object invoke = method.invoke(target, args);
        return invoke;
    }
}

//Client
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        UserServiceImpl userService = new UserServiceImpl();

        ProxyInvocationHandler proxyIn..ionHandler = new ProxyInvocationHandler();

        proxyInvocationHandler.setTarget(userService);

        UserService proxy = (UserService) proxyInvocationHandler.getProxy();

        proxy.add();
    }
}

AOP

公共部分

UserServiceImpl.java

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Override
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("add");
    }

    @Override
    public void delete() {
        System.out.println("delete");
    }
}

UserService.java

public interface UserService {
    public void add();

    public void delete();
}

Client

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserService userService = (UserService) context.getBean("userService");
        userService.add();
    }
}

方式一：使用原生的api接口

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--  bean自动装载  -->
    <bean id="userService"  class="com.tintin.service.UserServiceImpl"/>
    <bean id="afterLog" class="com.tintin.log.AfterLog"/>
    <bean id="logBefore" class="com.tintin.log.LogBefore"/>

    <!--方式一：使用原生的api接口-->  
    <!--导入aop-->  
    <aop:config>
        <!--切入点：expression：表达式，execution（要执行的位置，* * * *）返回类型/包名/方法/参数-->
        <aop:pointcut id="poincut" expression="execution(* com.tintin.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"/>

        <!--执行环绕增加-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="afterLog" pointcut-ref="poincut"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="logBefore" pointcut-ref="poincut"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

方法二：自定义类实现AOP 【主要是切面定义】

public class MyPointCut {

    public void before(){
        System.out.println("-------before-------");
    }

    public void after(){
        System.out.println("-------after-------");
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
  
		<!--  引入切入点  -->
    <bean id="mypointcut" class="com.tintin.log2.MyPointCut"/>
    <!--  方式二：自定义类  -->
    <aop:config>
        <!--    自定义切面，ref为要引入的切点    -->
        <aop:aspect ref="mypointcut">
            <!--  切入点  -->
            <aop:pointcut id="point" expression="execution(* com.tintin.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))"/>
            <!--  通知  -->
            <aop:before method="before" pointcut-ref="point"/>
            <aop:after method="after" pointcut-ref="point"/>
        </aop:aspect>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

方法三：

@Aspect
public class AnnotationPointCut {
    @Before("execution(* com.tintin.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))")
    public void before(){
        System.out.println("---before---");
    }

    @After("execution(* com.tintin.service.UserServiceImpl.*(..))")
    public void after(){
        System.out.println("---after---");
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
		
  	<!--方法三-->
    <bean id="annotationPointCut" class="com.tintin.log3.AnnotationPointCut"/>
    <!--开启注解支持-->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
</beans>

整合MyBatis

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方法一：

myBatisConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.tintin.entry"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

springConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--配置数据原-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="12345678"/>
    </bean>

    <!--sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFatory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatisConfig.xml"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/tintin/mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--sqlSessionTemplate-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionTemplate" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
        <constructor-arg ref="sqlSessionFatory"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <import resource="springConfig.xml"/>

    <bean id="UserMapper" class="com.tintin.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
        <property name="sqlSessionTemplate" ref="sqlSessionTemplate"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="userMapper2" class="com.tintin.mapper.UserMapperImpl2">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFatory"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

UserMapperImpl.java

public class UserMapperImpl implements UserMapper{
    private SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate;

    public void setSqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate) {
        this.sqlSessionTemplate = sqlSessionTemplate;
    }

    @Override
    public List<User> listUser() {
        return sqlSessionTemplate.getMapper(UserMapper.class).listUser();
    }
}

main.java

public static void main(String[] args)  {
        ClassP...Context classP...Context = new ClassP...Context("applicationContext.xml");
        //方法一：
  			UserMapper userMapper = (UserMapper) classP...Context.getBean("userMapper");

        List<User> userList = userMapper.listUser();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }

方法二：SqlSessionDaoSupport

myBatisConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.tintin.entry"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

springConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <!--配置数据原-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="12345678"/>
    </bean>

    <!--sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFatory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatisConfig.xml"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/tintin/mapper/*.xml"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <import resource="springConfig.xml"/>

    <bean id="UserMapper" class="com.tintin.mapper.UserMapperImpl">
        <property name="sqlSessionTemplate" ref="sqlSessionTemplate"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="userMapper2" class="com.tintin.mapper.UserMapperImpl2">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFatory"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

UserMapperImpl2.java（继承SqlSessionDaoSupport）

public class UserMapperImpl2 extends SqlSessionDaoSupport implements UserMapper{
    @Override
    public List<User> listUser() {
        return getSqlSession().getMapper(UserMapper.class).listUser();
    }
}

main.java

public static void main(String[] args)  {
        ClassP...Context classP...Context = new ClassP...Context("applicationContext.xml");

        //方法二：
  			UserMapper userMapper = (UserMapper) classP...Context.getBean("userMapper2");

        List<User> userList = userMapper.listUser();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }

事务

    <!--结合AOP实现事务的植入-->
    <!--配置事务通知-->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transationManagger">
     <!--给哪些方法配置事务-->
     <!--配置事务的传播特性： new propagation-->
     <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="add" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="query" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
       <!--正常写下面一行即可：配置全部的方法-->
     <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
   </tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>

<!--配置事务切入-->
<aop:config>
  <aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.tintin.mapper.*.*(..))"/>

  <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"/>
</aop:config>