有关XMLStarlet

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-11 13:54:47 发布

喜欢踢足球的老罗

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-11 13:54:47 发布

阅读量3.7k

点赞数 2

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

分类专栏：开发工具

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/SCHOLAR_II/article/details/9119369

开发工具专栏收录该内容

92 篇文章

订阅专栏

何时使用

shell下处理xml文件的一个可选方案（个人觉得比使用python、php处理xml方案好，感觉与shell下其它小工具能更好的整合与协作）

阅读建议

有XML、XPATH的基础，这里有快餐教教程 http://www.w3school.com.cn/x.asp

在ubuntu下的安装

最简单的方式：sudo apt-get install xmlstarlet

使用事例

1）使用说明，具体man xmlstartlet

2）于xml格式列表某个目录信息

3）提取xml文件中的某些内容

xmlstarlet sel 的用法

luogw@ubuntu:~$ xmlstarlet sel --help
XMLStarlet Toolkit: Select from XML document(s)
Usage: xmlstarlet sel <global-options> {<template>} [ <xml-file> ... ]
where
  <global-options> - global options for selecting
  <xml-file> - input XML document file name/uri (stdin is used if missing)
  <template> - template for querying XML document with following syntax:

<global-options> are:
  -Q or --quiet             - do not write anything to standard output.
  -C or --comp              - display generated XSLT
  -R or --root              - print root element <xsl-select>
  -T or --text              - output is text (default is XML)
  -I or --indent            - indent output
  -D or --xml-decl          - do not omit xml declaration line
  -B or --noblanks          - remove insignificant spaces from XML tree
  -E or --encode <encoding> - output in the given encoding (utf-8, unicode...)
  -N <name>=<value>         - predefine namespaces (name without 'xmlns:')
                              ex: xsql=urn:oracle-xsql
                              Multiple -N options are allowed.
  --net                     - allow fetch DTDs or entities over network
  --help                    - display help

Syntax for templates: -t|--template <options>
where <options>
  -c or --copy-of <xpath>   - print copy of XPATH expression
  -v or --value-of <xpath>  - print value of XPATH expression
  -o or --output <string>   - output string literal
  -n or --nl                - print new line
  -f or --inp-name          - print input file name (or URL)
  -m or --match <xpath>     - match XPATH expression
  --var <name> <value> --break or
  --var <name>=<value>      - declare a variable (referenced by $name)
  -i or --if <test-xpath>   - check condition <xsl:if test="test-xpath">
  --elif <test-xpath>       - check condition if previous conditions failed
  --else                    - check if previous conditions failed
  -e or --elem <name>       - print out element <xsl:element name="name">
  -a or --attr <name>       - add attribute <xsl:attribute name="name">
  -b or --break             - break nesting
  -s or --sort op xpath     - sort in order (used after -m) where
  op is X:Y:Z, 
      X is A - for order="ascending"
      X is D - for order="descending"
      Y is N - for data-type="numeric"
      Y is T - for data-type="text"
      Z is U - for case-order="upper-first"
      Z is L - for case-order="lower-first"

There can be multiple --match, --copy-of, --value-of, etc options
in a single template. The effect of applying command line templates
can be illustrated with the following XSLT analogue

xml sel -t -c "xpath0" -m "xpath1" -m "xpath2" -v "xpath3" \
        -t -m "xpath4" -c "xpath5"

is equivalent to applying the following XSLT

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:template match="/">
  <xsl:call-template name="t1"/>
  <xsl:call-template name="t2"/>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template name="t1">
  <xsl:copy-of select="xpath0"/>
  <xsl:for-each select="xpath1">
    <xsl:for-each select="xpath2">
      <xsl:value-of select="xpath3"/>
    </xsl:for-each>
  </xsl:for-each>
</xsl:template>
<xsl:template name="t2">
  <xsl:for-each select="xpath4">
    <xsl:copy-of select="xpath5"/>
  </xsl:for-each>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

XMLStarlet is a command line toolkit to query/edit/check/transform
XML documents (for more information see http://xmlstar.sourceforge.net/)

Current implementation uses libxslt from GNOME codebase as XSLT processor
(see http://xmlsoft.org/ for more details)

提取内容：每行显示一行内容

处理的xml文档如下：

<xml>
  <table>
	<rec id="1">
	  <numField>123</numField>
	  <stringField>first string</stringField>
	</rec>
	<rec id="2">
	  <numField>346</numField>
	  <stringField>second string</stringField>
	</rec>
	<rec id="3">
	  <numField>-23</numField>
	  <stringField>third string</stringField>
	</rec>
  </table>

处理结果如下：

luogw@ubuntu:/media/disk1/research/xmlStarlet$ xmlstarlet sel -T -t -m /xml/table/rec -v "concat(@id, '|', numField,'|', stringField)" -n  table.xml
1|123|first string
2|346|second string
3|-23|third string

对等的xsl文件如下：使用－C 选项

luogw@ubuntu:/media/disk1/research/xmlStarlet$ xmlstarlet sel -C -T -t -m /xml/table/rec -v "concat(@id, '|', numField,'|', stringField)" -n  table.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:exslt="http://exslt.org/common" version="1.0" extension-element-prefixes="exslt">
  <xsl:output omit-xml-declaration="yes" indent="no" method="text"/>
  <xsl:template match="/">
    <xsl:for-each select="/xml/table/rec">
      <xsl:call-template name="value-of-template">
        <xsl:with-param name="select" select="concat(@id, '|', numField,'|', stringField)"/>
      </xsl:call-template>
      <xsl:value-of select="'
'"/>
    </xsl:for-each>
  </xsl:template>
  <xsl:template name="value-of-template">
    <xsl:param name="select"/>
    <xsl:value-of select="$select"/>
    <xsl:for-each select="exslt:node-set($select)[position()>1]">
      <xsl:value-of select="."/>
      <xsl:value-of select="'
'"/>
    </xsl:for-each>
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>