matinal：SAP ABAP 发送POST请求使用Form-data传输数据

原创已于 2023-11-21 12:50:02 修改 · 2.1k 阅读

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#java #前端 #数据库 #javascript #网络

于 2023-11-16 13:31:22 首次发布

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文章详细描述了如何在ABAP程序中通过CL_HTTP_CLIENT调用外部URL，使用Form-data格式携带JSON数据，包括创建连接、设置Header、序列化内表数据以及接收响应的过程。

某xx系统别来网上找文章了，你说你一个做java，非要到网上找SAP文章，给做SAP的人看，我觉得你这样的人先看看自己的问题。

SAP调用外部URL的时候，部分URL的传入参数为Form-data，带Key，传入数据格式为JSON。

此时通过ABAP程序如何传入参数？

ABAP实现过程：

1、建立Http连接。

URL = '192.168.0.0/test'.
 
CALL METHOD CL_HTTP_CLIENT=>CREATE_BY_URL
EXPORTING
URL                = URL
*     PROXY_SERVICE      = '443'
IMPORTING
CLIENT             = HTTP_CLIENT
EXCEPTIONS
ARGUMENT_NOT_FOUND = 1
PLUGIN_NOT_ACTIVE  = 2
INTERNAL_ERROR     = 3
OTHERS             = 4.

2、设置请求的Header参数

*设置内容格式为Form-data
  CALL METHOD HTTP_CLIENT->REQUEST->SET_HEADER_FIELD
    EXPORTING
      NAME  = 'Content-Type'
      VALUE = 'multipart/form-data'.
 
  CALL METHOD HTTP_CLIENT->REQUEST->SET_HEADER_FIELD
    EXPORTING
      NAME  = '~request_method'
      VALUE = 'POST'.

3、添加和绑定Form-data参数名

4、将内表数据序列化为JSON格式对象

5、传值

*定义Form-data value
  DATA: IT_FORMULARIO TYPE TIHTTPNVP,
        WA_FORMULARIO LIKE LINE OF IT_FORMULARIO,
        PART          TYPE REF TO IF_HTTP_ENTITY.
 
  PART = HTTP_CLIENT->REQUEST->IF_HTTP_ENTITY~ADD_MULTIPART( ).
 
*传入Value
  CALL METHOD PART->APPEND_CDATA
    EXPORTING
      DATA = V_RESPONSE.
*设置内容格式和name
  CALL METHOD PART->SET_HEADER_FIELD
    EXPORTING
      NAME  = 'content-disposition'
      VALUE = 'form-data;name="budgetList"'.

完整代码如下参考：

 
DATA: LEN         TYPE        I , "发送报文长度
LEN_STRING  TYPE        STRING,
URL         TYPE        STRING , "接口地址
HTTP_CLIENT TYPE REF TO IF_HTTP_CLIENT , "http客户端
POST_STRING TYPE        STRING,
RESULT      TYPE        STRING.
DATA: IT_HEADER TYPE TIHTTPNVP.
***系统传参
TYPES: BEGIN OF TY_MATERIAL,  "Para
MATNR      TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
END OF TY_MATERIAL.
DATA LS_MATERIAL    TYPE   TY_MATERIALT.
DATA LT_MATERIAL    LIKE TABLE OF   LS_MATERIAL.
 
TYPES: BEGIN OF TY_CODEMSG,  "Para
         CODE TYPE STRING,
         MSG  TYPE STRING,
       END OF TY_CODEMSG.
DATA LS_CODEMSG    TYPE   TY_CODEMSG.
DATA LT_CODEMSG    LIKE TABLE OF   LS_CODEMSG.
START-OF-SELECTION.
" Form-data  参数传值定义
 
LS_MATERIAL-MATNR= 'TEST001'.
LS_MATERIAL-WERKS = '1000'.
 
 
APPEND LS_MATERIAL TO LT_MATERIAL.
 
URL = '192.168.0.0/TEST'.
 
CALL METHOD CL_HTTP_CLIENT=>CREATE_BY_URL
EXPORTING
URL                = URL
*     PROXY_SERVICE      = '443'
IMPORTING
CLIENT             = HTTP_CLIENT
EXCEPTIONS
ARGUMENT_NOT_FOUND = 1
PLUGIN_NOT_ACTIVE  = 2
INTERNAL_ERROR     = 3
OTHERS             = 4.
 
*设置内容格式为Form-data
  CALL METHOD HTTP_CLIENT->REQUEST->SET_HEADER_FIELD
    EXPORTING
      NAME  = 'Content-Type'
      VALUE = 'multipart/form-data'.
 
  CALL METHOD HTTP_CLIENT->REQUEST->SET_HEADER_FIELD
    EXPORTING
      NAME  = '~request_method'
      VALUE = 'POST'.
 
*将内表序列化为JSON格式
  CLEAR V_RESPONSE .
  V_RESPONSE = ZUI2_JSON=>SERIALIZE( DATA = LT_MATERIAL
                                  COMPRESS = ABAP_FALSE
                               PRETTY_NAME = /UI2/CL_JSON=>PRETTY_MODE-LOW_CASE
                                 ASSOC_ARRAYS = ABAP_TRUE
                                    ) .
 
 
*定义Form-data value
  DATA: IT_FORMULARIO TYPE TIHTTPNVP,
        WA_FORMULARIO LIKE LINE OF IT_FORMULARIO,
        PART          TYPE REF TO IF_HTTP_ENTITY.
 
  PART = HTTP_CLIENT->REQUEST->IF_HTTP_ENTITY~ADD_MULTIPART( ).
 
*传入Value
  CALL METHOD PART->APPEND_CDATA
    EXPORTING
      DATA = V_RESPONSE.
*设置内容格式和name
  CALL METHOD PART->SET_HEADER_FIELD
    EXPORTING
      NAME  = 'content-disposition'
      VALUE = 'form-data;name="budgetList"'.
 
  "发送
  CALL METHOD HTTP_CLIENT->SEND
    EXCEPTIONS
      HTTP_COMMUNICATION_FAILURE = 1
      HTTP_INVALID_STATE         = 2
      HTTP_PROCESSING_FAILED     = 3
      HTTP_INVALID_TIMEOUT       = 4
      OTHERS                     = 5.
  "接收
  CALL METHOD HTTP_CLIENT->RECEIVE
    EXCEPTIONS
      HTTP_COMMUNICATION_FAILURE = 1
      HTTP_INVALID_STATE         = 2
      HTTP_PROCESSING_FAILED     = 3.
 
  "获取接口返回的数据
  RESULT = HTTP_CLIENT->RESPONSE->GET_CDATA( ).
*反序列化传值到内表或结构
  ZUI2_JSON=>DESERIALIZE( EXPORTING JSON = RESULT
                                 ASSOC_ARRAYS = ABAP_TRUE
                                PRETTY_NAME = /UI2/CL_JSON=>PRETTY_MODE-LOW_CASE
                              CHANGING DATA = LS_CODEMSG
                            )
                            .
*
WRITE: 'code:', LS_CODEMSG-CODE , 'message:' ,LS_CODEMSG-MSG.