object c 归档和解档，其实就是java中的序列化和反序列化

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本文探讨了Objective-C中的归档和解档概念，将其与Java中的序列化和反序列化进行比较。通过实例展示了如何在Objective-C中实现对象的保存和恢复，以便于数据持久化。

//
//  main.m
//  YuFaJinJie
//
//  Created by 千雅爸爸 on 16/10/6.
//  Copyright © 2016年 kodulf. All rights reserved.
//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Person.h"
//归档和解档achiver unachiver，数据持久化的方式，
//一种是plist文件一种是nsuserdefault,这两种都是操作的系统给的类型，例如字典和数组
//现在有一种可以自定义的类型的存储，这个是不是有点像java的serialization？

//在相应的类中，要进行归档必须要实现协议nscoding,正式的协议就是java里面的接口，和java里面要实现序列化就要实现serilization的接口一样，这里要实现nscoding
//@interface Person : NSObject <NSCoding>

void guidanjiedang(){
    Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
    person.name = @"Tom";
    person.age = 20;
    person.sex = @"male";
    //归档器的类叫做NSKeyedArchiver,里面有一个类方法
    NSData *personData = [NSKeyedArchiver archivedDataWithRootObject:person];
    NSLog(@"二进制：%@",personData);
    //写入到文件中
    [personData writeToFile:@"/Users/JiYi2013/Desktop/guidang" atomically:YES];
    
    //从文件中读取，二进制，然后转化为类
    personData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:@"/Users/JiYi2013/Desktop/guidang"];
    Person *unachiverperson2 = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithData:personData];
    NSLog(@"unachiver解档：%@",unachiverperson2);
    
    
    //多个类型的归档和解档
    Person *person2 = [[Person alloc] init];
    person2.name =@"java";
    person2.age = 20;
    person2.sex = @"null";
    
    NSMutableData *mutabledata = [NSMutableData data];
    NSKeyedArchiver *personMutableAchiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc] initForWritingWithMutableData:mutabledata];
    [personMutableAchiver encodeObject:person forKey:@"person"];
    [personMutableAchiver encodeObject:person2 forKey:@"person2"];
    //一定要结束归档，不然会一只归档
    [personMutableAchiver finishEncoding];
    NSLog(@"%@",mutabledata);
    
    //多个类型的解档
    NSKeyedUnarchiver *personMutableUnachiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc]initForReadingWithData:mutabledata];
    Person *decodeperson = [personMutableUnachiver decodeObjectForKey:@"person"];
    Person *decodeperson2 = [personMutableUnachiver decodeObjectForKey:@"person2"];
    NSLog(@"解档：反序列化：person:%@",decodeperson);
    NSLog(@"解档：反序列化：person2:%@",decodeperson2);
}

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        
        guidanjiedang();
    }
    return 0;
}

person：

//
//  Person.h
//  YuFaJinJie
//
//  Created by 千雅爸爸 on 16/10/6.
//  Copyright © 2016年 kodulf. All rights reserved.
//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

//要进行归档必须要实现协议nscoding,正式的协议就是java里面的接口，和java里面要实现序列化就要实现serilization的接口一样，这里要实现nscoding
@interface Person : NSObject <NSCoding>

//NSData 是oc里面存储二进制的，

@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *name;
@property(nonatomic,assign) NSInteger age;
@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *sex;


@end

//
//  Person.m
//  YuFaJinJie
//
//  Created by 千雅爸爸 on 16/10/6.
//  Copyright © 2016年 kodulf. All rights reserved.
//

#import "Person.h"

@implementation Person

//归档achiver的时候，也就是序列化的时候，会自动的调用这个方法
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)coder
{
    [coder encodeObject:_name forKey:@"name"];
    [coder encodeInteger:_age forKey:@"age"];
    [coder encodeObject:_sex forKey:@"sex"];
}

//接档unachiver
- (instancetype)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)coder
{
    self = [super init];
    if(self){
        _name = [coder decodeObjectForKey:@"name"];
        _age = [coder decodeIntegerForKey:@"age"];
        _sex = [coder decodeObjectForKey:@"sex"];
    }
    return self;
}

- (NSString *)description
{
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name=%@,age=%ld,sex=%@", _name,_age,_sex];
}
@end