View, ViewGroup, widget, LinearLayout等layout

本文深入解析Android UI组件中的View、ViewGroup、widget及layout之间的关系,详细介绍了它们的功能和作用,帮助开发者更好地理解和使用Android UI开发。

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入门级的基础知识,以前对View,VIewGroup,widget,layout等的关系搞不清楚,通过学习后,做了下总结,如下:

1.View,ViewGroup

>View:

}1、所有高级UI组件都继承View类而实现的
}2、一个View在屏幕上占据一块矩形区域
}3、 负责渲染
}4、负责处理发生的事件
}5、设置是否可见
}6、设置是否可以获得焦点等
 
2.ViewGroup:
}1、一个ViewGroup对象是一Android.view.ViewGroup实例
}2、View的容器
}3、 负责对添加进ViewGroup的View进行布局
}4、一个ViewGroup可以加入到另一个ViewGroup
 
3.View ,ViewGroup的关系
 

4.View,widgetView的继承关系

2.widget

}1、界面中展示的各个小组件
}2、有独立的事件处理能力
}3、所有Wiget组件都是继承View而来
注:1.widget并不是实际存在的类,它是一个包,而VIew等就是实际存在的类,所以首字母大写。在引用时,通常:

          import android.view.View;

          import android.widget.TextView;

         因为widget是包,所以首字母小写

        2.在该包内放的是UI Elements,包括TextView,ListView,但是这些元素都继承自View或ViewGroup。如下图所示:

 

 

 

其中各种layout继承自ViewGroup

4 layout

对UI 组件进行布局

 关于view及其子类的关系如下:

E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main Process: com.example.hjschoolhelper210301201_1, PID: 13135 java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.widget.TextView.setText(java.lang.CharSequence)' on a null object reference at com.example.hjschoolhelper210301201_1.ClubinfoAdpter.getView(ClubinfoAdpter.java:44) at android.widget.AbsListView.obtainView(AbsListView.java:2458) at android.widget.ListView.makeAndAddView(ListView.java:2067) at android.widget.ListView.fillDown(ListView.java:793) at android.widget.ListView.fillFromTop(ListView.java:855) at android.widget.ListView.layoutChildren(ListView.java:1838) at android.widget.AbsListView.onLayout(AbsListView.java:2255) at android.view.View.layout(View.java:23693) at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6413) at androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout.onLayout(ConstraintLayout.java:1855) at android.view.View.layout(View.java:23693) at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6413) at android.widget.FrameLayout.layoutChildren(FrameLayout.java:332) at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:270) at android.view.View.layout(View.java:23693) at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6413) at androidx.appcompat.widget.ActionBarOverlayLayout.onLayout(ActionBarOverlayLayout.java:536) at android.view.View.layout(View.java:23693) at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6413) at android.widget.FrameLayout.layoutChildren(FrameLayout.java:332) at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:270) at android.view.View.layout(View.java:23693) at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6413) at android.widget.LinearLayout.setChildFrame(LinearLayout.java:1891) at android.widget.LinearLayout.layoutVertical(LinearLayout.java:1729) at android.widget.LinearLayout.onLayout(LinearLayout.java:1638) at android.view.View.layout(View.java:23693) at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6413) at android.widget.FrameLayout.layoutChildren(FrameLayout.java:332) at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:270) at com.android.internal.policy.DecorView.onLayout(DecorView.java:799) at android.view.View.layout(View.java:23693) at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:6413) at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performLayout(ViewRootImpl.java:3999) at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals(ViewRootImpl.java:3372) at android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal(ViewRootImpl.java:2328) at android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run(ViewRootImpl.java:9087) at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:1231) at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:1239) at android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks(Choreographer.java:899) at android.view.Choreographer.doFrame(Choreographer.java:832) at android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run(Choreographer.java:1214) at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:942) at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) at android.os.Looper.loopOnce(Looper.java:201) at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:288) at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7872) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:548) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:936)
05-17
m.example.kucun2 E FATAL EXCEPTION: main Process: com.example.kucun2, PID: 14733 java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'java.lang.String java.lang.Object.toString()' on a null object reference at android.widget.ArrayAdapter.createViewFromResource(ArrayAdapter.java:454) at android.widget.ArrayAdapter.getView(ArrayAdapter.java:416) at com.example.kucun2.function.Adapter$SafeSpinnerAdapter.getView(Adapter.java:45) at android.widget.AbsSpinner.onMeasure(AbsSpinner.java:206) at android.widget.Spinner.onMeasure(Spinner.java:622) at androidx.appcompat.widget.AppCompatSpinner.onMeasure(AppCompatSpinner.java:444) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureHorizontal(LinearLayout.java:1226) at android.widget.LinearLayout.onMeasure(LinearLayout.java:728) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:7132) at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureChildBeforeLayout(LinearLayout.java:1613) at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureVertical(LinearLayout.java:883) at android.widget.LinearLayout.onMeasure(LinearLayout.java:726) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.widget.ScrollView.measureChildWithMargins(ScrollView.java:1641) at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:205) at android.widget.ScrollView.onMeasure(ScrollView.java:559) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:7132) at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:205) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout$Measurer.measure(ConstraintLayout.java:811) at androidx.constraintlayout.core.widgets.analyzer.BasicMeasure.measure(BasicMeasure.java:466) at androidx.constraintlayout.core.widgets.analyzer.BasicMeasure.measureChildren(BasicMeasure.java:134) at androidx.constraintlayout.core.widgets.analyzer.BasicMeasure.solverMeasure(BasicMeasure.java:278) at androidx.constraintlayout.core.widgets.ConstraintWidgetContainer.measure(ConstraintWidgetContainer.java:120) at androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout.resolveSystem(ConstraintLayout.java:1594) at androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout.onMeasure(ConstraintLayout.java:1708) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:7132) at androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout.onMeasureChild(CoordinatorLayout.java:760) at com.google.android.material.appbar.HeaderScrollingViewBehavior.onMeasureChild(HeaderScrollingViewBehavior.java:100) at com.google.android.material.appbar.AppBarLayout$ScrollingViewBehavior.onMeasureChild(AppBarLayout.java:2381) at androidx.coordinatorlayout.widget.CoordinatorLayout.onMeasure(CoordinatorLayout.java:831) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at androidx.drawerlayout.widget.DrawerLayout.onMeasure(DrawerLayout.java:1156) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:7132) at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:205) at androidx.appcompat.widget.ContentFrameLayout.onMeasure(ContentFrameLayout.java:145) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:7132) at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureChildBeforeLayout(LinearLayout.java:1613) at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureVertical(LinearLayout.java:883) at android.widget.LinearLayout.onMeasure(LinearLayout.java:726) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:7132) at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:205) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:7132) at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureChildBeforeLayout(LinearLayout.java:1613) 2025-06-29 16:50:05.905 14733-14733 AndroidRuntime com.example.kucun2 E at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureVertical(LinearLayout.java:883) at android.widget.LinearLayout.onMeasure(LinearLayout.java:726) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:7132) at com.android.internal.policy.DecorView.measureChildWithMargins(DecorView.java:3010) at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:205) at com.android.internal.policy.DecorView.onMeasure(DecorView.java:911) at android.view.View.measure(View.java:29007) at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performMeasure(ViewRootImpl.java:5801) at android.view.ViewRootImpl.measureHierarchy(ViewRootImpl.java:3999) at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals(ViewRootImpl.java:4393) at android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal(ViewRootImpl.java:3667) at android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run(ViewRootImpl.java:12113) at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:2459) at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:2468) at android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks(Choreographer.java:1693) at android.view.Choreographer.doFrame(Choreographer.java:1448) at android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run(Choreographer.java:2284) at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:1014) at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) at android.os.Looper.loopOnce(Looper.java:250) at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:340) at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:9913) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:621) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:957)
最新发布
06-30
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